职称英语卫生类A、B、C级综合试卷-10及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.ranD.shook2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.traverses3.In their pr

2、oductions, choreographers of modem dance have introduced humor, protested social injustice, and probed psychological problems.（分数：1.00）A.solvedB.exploredC.involvedD.disputed4.The towers of a suspension bridge serve as a rigid framework to which the cables are attached.（分数：1.00）A.boundaryB.skeletonC.

3、enclosureD.material5.They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.（分数：1.00）A.solveB.determineC.untieD.complete6.We have got to abide by the rules.（分数：1.00）A.stick toB.persist inC.safeguardD.apply7.The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industr

4、y by allowing components to be packaged more densely.（分数：1.00）A.compactlyB.inexpensivelyC.quicklyD.carefully8.There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.（分数：1.00）A.beatsB.matchesC.maintainsD.announces9.The leading astronomers of the sixtee

5、nth and seventeenth centuries were fascinated by comets.（分数：1.00）A.intriguedB.infectedC.inconveniencedD.inclined10.Illinois has produced writers such as Carl Sandburg, gangsters such as A1 Capone, and architects such as Louis Sullivan.（分数：1.00）A.violent criminalsB.politiciansC.musiciansD.industriali

6、sts11.Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.（分数：1.00）A.errorB.functionC.attractionD.miracle12.The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War.（分数：1.00）A.demandedB.elicitedC.extractedD.defied13.Although o

7、riginally a German innovation, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement to provide an improved learning environment for children.（分数：1.00）A.an easyB.a playfulC.an openD.a better14.We were shocked to find that Mary didnt know her guests name.（分数：1.00）A.frustratedB.disturbedC

8、.relievedD.surprised15.The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers.（分数：1.00）A.protectionB.indicationC.immunityD.danger二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Continuing Medical Education/BThere is increasing recognition of the need f

9、or health workers to continue their education throughout their careers. Not only do health workers themselves wish to improve their own skills and competence, but the introduction of new techniques and equipment and the changes taking place in health needs and health care policies necessitate contin

10、ued training. The phrase “health care“ is intended to mean not just curative treatment for the sick but the whole range of provision for promoting health and preventing disease.In virtually every situation some response to this need has been made, so continuing education does take place - even thoug

11、h it may in many instances be ineffective or insufficient. Continuing education may be initiated by the health workers themselves, by their supervisors, by the managers of the health system, or by other agencies such as professional associations, publishers, and drug companies. The form of the conti

12、nuing education may be written materials (journals, books, advertisements), meetings, courses, supervisory visits, or a variety of other methods.With this diversity of approach it is not surprising that the effectiveness of continuing education should be variable. 4 So it is natural that in many cou

13、ntries there is concern that more continuing education should be provided and that it should be more effective.The approach suggested that to achieve this aim is to develop a “system“ of continuing education. This term needs some explanation as it is capable of being interpreted in many ways. A syst

14、em is not the same thing as an organization that provides continuing education. It is much more than that. It is the sum of the educational activities, the organizational structure that supports and manages those activities, the management, and the external agencies involved in the provision of heal

15、th care. s The system should comprise a nationwide coordinated program in which technology and resources are optimally used.（分数：7.00）(1).Health workers themselves are aware of the importance of continued training.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Health needs and health care polic

16、ies always remain constant.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The phrase “health care“ means more than curative treatment for the sick.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Continuing medical education is particularly ineffective in developing countries.（分数：1.00）A.A.

17、 Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Written materials constitute the best form of continuing medical education.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).More effective continuing medical education is called for in many countries.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).A “

18、system“ of continuing education functions in the same way was an organization that provides continuing education.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分

19、别完成每个句子。B Aspirin - a New Miracle Drug/B1. Using aspirin, an over-the-counter pill on sale in every supermarket without a prescription, to treat serious circulatory disease may seem almost like quackery. But today doctors recognize this drug as a potent compound as important as antibiotics, digitali

20、s and other miracle drugs.2. In its natural form as willow bark and leaves, this remarkable remedy dates back to Hippocrates2. In 1829 the chemical in the willow tree that can relieve pain and reduce fever was discovered to be salicin. By 1899 the Bayer Company in Germany had marketed a variant, ace

21、tylsalicylic acid, under the name of aspirin.3. Since then, aspirin and compounds containing aspirin have been taken by tens of millions of arthritis patients. As a pain killer aspirin is, according to one study, more effective than all other analgesics and narcotics available for oral use. It also

22、acts on4the bodys thermostat, turning down fever.4. But some of its powers remained unsuspected until recently. In 1950 the late Dr. Craven wrote to a small western medical journal about 400 overweight, sedentary male patients to whom he had given one or two aspirin tablets a day. None had had a hea

23、rt attack. He enlarged his group to 8,000 and in 1956 reported: “Not a single case of detectable coronary or cerebral thrombosis “and “no major stroke“ had occurred in patients who had taken one or two tablets daily for from one to ten years. But his observations were largely ignored.5. Then Dr. Van

24、e proved that aspirin turned off the bodys prostaglandins hormonelike chemicals that can be secreted by every cell. Some potent prostaglandins are harmful compounds that create fever, pain and arthritis. One of them stimulates platelets in the blood to begin forming clots inside arteries. Aspirin bl

25、ocks this dangerous effect.6. Vanes finding caused some researchers to recall Cravens 1956 observations, which now had a possible scientific explanation. Numerous studies were begun to find out whether aspirin could indeed inhibit heart attacks and stroke.7. In 1972, ten US medical institutions bega

26、n two “double-blind“ trials of 303 patients who suffered from transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Four aspirin tablets a day were given to 153 patients, while placebo tablets were given to 150. Neither patients nor doctors knew which was which. After six months, the patients on aspirin had experience

27、d much fewer TIAs, and fewer strokes and deaths from strokes than the “controls“. The results were so conclusive that aspirin has been used for this purpose widely.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 7 _（分数：1.00）填空

28、项 1:_(5).In the middle of the last century Craven made _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).It is Bayer Company _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).There is a prostaglandin _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Numerous studies concluded _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选

29、项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements/BTwo scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.Aust

30、ralian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out i

31、n 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.Among the pairs possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.As u

32、sual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholms Karolinska Institute.Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literat

33、ure and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Swedens central bank.Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medici

34、ne prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (US $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.“Individual researchers probably dont look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when theyre at work,“ Jornvatl told

35、The Associated Press. “They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.“In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of

36、 Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.（分数：15.00）(1).Who is NOT a likely candidate for this years Nobel Prize in medicine?（分数：3.00）A.Elizabeth Blackburn.B.Carol Greider.C.Linda Buck:D.Pierre Cham

37、bon.(2).Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?（分数：3.00）A.He was from Sweden.B.He was the inventor of dynamite.C.He established the prizes in his will.D.He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.(3).Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?（分数：3.00）A.The medicine prize.B.The literature

38、prize.C.The peace prize.D.The economics prize.(4).The word “kicks“ in line 6 from the bottom probably means（分数：3.00）A.excitement.B.income.C.motivation.D.knowledge.(5).The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of（分数：3.00）A.money in medical research.B.proteins in cancer treatment.C.

39、hormones in the functioning of life.D.telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.B第二篇/BB Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World/BObesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According t

40、o statements before the opening of the conference - of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries - 1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said, “Obesity is a chronic illness, fin Germany, 20 per cent of the peop

41、le are already affected, but in Japan only one per cent.“ But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said, “We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism of a stone-age man.“ “I have just be

42、en to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. “Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said, “Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese, also fifty per cent of

43、 all. patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose tissue complaints.“ “Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing ones weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure.“Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the

44、state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. “Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index5 is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should sta

45、rt earlier.“Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “Child obesity ( fat deposits) correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.“The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their

46、 population group.（分数：15.00）(1).It is estimated that there are _ people suffering from obesity in the world.（分数：3.00）A.250,000,000B.1,200,000,000C.1,450,000,000D.950,000,000(2).It seems that the _ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage.（

47、分数：3.00）A.EuropeanB.GermanC.AmericanD.Japanese(3).Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?（分数：3.00）A.High blood pressure.B.Fatty tissue complaints.C.Diabetes.D.Stomach-ache.(4).What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?（分数：3.00）A.Ten per cen

48、t less body weight means ten per cent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.B.Thirteen per cent more body weight means ten per cent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.C.The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.D.The le

49、ss body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.(5).From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be（分数：3.00）A.not to permit them to watch TV at all.B.to tell them to spen