雅思阅读-练习十七及答案解析.doc

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1、雅思阅读-练习十七及答案解析(总分：31.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Questions 1-3(总题数：3，分数：3.00)1.The main topic discussed in the text isAthe damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.Bthe effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.Ca variety of methods used

2、 in trying to control lightning strikes.Da laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.According to the text, every year lightningAdoes considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.Bkills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.Ckills or injures aro

3、und 500 people throughout the world.Ddamages more than 100 American power companies.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoAreceive funds from the same source.Bare using the same techniques.Care employed by commercial companies.Dare in oppositi

4、on to each other.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Questions 4-6(总题数：3，分数：3.00)4.EPRI receives financial support from 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_5.The advantage of the technique being developed by Diels is that it can be used 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_6.The main difficulty associated with using the laser equipment is related to it

5、s 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Questions 7-10(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 11-13(总题数：3，分数：3.00)7.Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_8.Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_9.Weather forecasters are intensely inte

6、rested in Dielss system.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_六、Passage 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 14-18(总题数：1，分数：1.00)10.NB Your answers may be given in any order.Below are listed some popular beliefs about genius and giftedness. Which FIVE of these beliefs are reported by the writer of the text?A Truly gifted people a

7、re talented in all areas.B The talents of geniuses are soon exhausted.C Gifted people should use their gifts.D A genius appears once in every generation.E Genius can be easily destroyed by discouragement.F Genius is inherited.G Gifted people are very hard to live with.H People never appreciate true

8、genius.I Geniuses are natural leaders.J Gifted people develop their greatness through difficulties.K Genius will always reveal itself.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_八、Questions 19-26(总题数：8，分数：8.00)11.Nineteenth-century studies of the nature of genius failed to take into account the uniqueness of the persons upbrin

9、ging.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_12.Nineteenth-century studies of genius lacked both objectivity and a proper scientific approach.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_13.A true genius has general powers capable of excellence in any area.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_14.The skills of ordinary individuals are in essence the same as the skills of p

10、rodigies.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_15.The ease with which truly great ideas are accepted and taken for granted fails to lessen their significance.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_16.Giftedness and genius deserve proper scientific research into their true nature so that all talent may be retained for the human race.（分数：1.00）填空

11、项 1:_17.Geniuses often pay a high price to achieve greatness.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_18.To be a genius is worth the high personal cost（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_九、Passage 3(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Questions 27-32(总题数：1，分数：6.00)i The biological clockii Why dying is beneficialiii The ageing process of men and womeniv Prolonging

12、 your lifev Limitations of life spanvi Modes of development of different speciesvii A stable life span despite improvementsviii Energy consumptionix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organismsx Repair of genetic material（分数：6.00）(1).Our dead products are static, closed systems. It is

13、always the basic material which constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes older. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of thermodynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this l

14、aw is not inexorable in the same way.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions. Immortality would disturb this

15、system-it needs room for new and better life. This is the basic problem of evolution.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).advanced age as a result of developments in medical care and better nutrition, the characteristic upper limit for most remains 80 years.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).If a life span is a genetically determi

16、ned biological characteristic, it is logically necessary to propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the ageing process and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Animals which save energy by hibernation or

17、lethargy (e.g. bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those which are always active.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life.Experience will show that to live in this way not only increases the life span but is also very healthy.（

18、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_十一、Questions 33-36(总题数：3，分数：4.00)Objects age in accordance with principles of (33) and of (34) （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_19.Through mutations, organisms can (35) better to the environment（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_20. (36) would pose a serious problem for the theory of evolution（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_十二、Q

19、uestions 37-40(总题数：3，分数：3.00)21.The wear and tear theory applies to both artificial objects and biological systems.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_22.In principle, it is possible for a biological system to become older without ageing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_23.Within seven years, about 90 per cent of a human body is replac

20、ed as new.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_雅思阅读-练习十七答案解析(总分：31.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Questions 1-3(总题数：3，分数：3.00)1.The main topic discussed in the text isAthe damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.Bthe effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.C

21、a variety of methods used in trying to control lightning strikes.Da laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 这道题目是关于文章主题的，很难定位，一般都是放到最后来做。但是本文我们可以直接通过文章的标题来确定这道题目的答案：Striking Back at Lightning With Lasers，首先肯定是与对抗闪电有关的，直接排除 A和 B，将范围缩小到 C和 D，C 和 D的主要区别在于究竟文章

22、是描述了多种方法还是一种激光技术，很明显题目中有 Lasers，答案确定为 D。通过阅读文章第二段，同样可以确定本题的答案。A项和 B项都出自第一段，是引出文章的内容，不可能是主题。C 项比较具有迷惑性，但忽略了 laser这一重要的技术基础。2.According to the text, every year lightningAdoes considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.Bkills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.Ckills or injures a

23、round 500 people throughout the world.Ddamages more than 100 American power companies.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 这是一道充满陷阱的题目，出题者煞费苦心地为考生挖出了三个陷阱，考生需要做的是一一识破这些陷阱，选出正确答案。A 项似乎是关键词与原文匹配最少的一项，但却是没有问题的一项，文中提到了 there is damage to property too，而且还举了例子说这种损坏有多大：more than $100 million a year，A 项中 does considerabl

24、e damage to buildings during thunderstorms 能够反映原文的内容。这道题目其他各个选项同样都像正确答案，如果对答案没有信心，也可以逐一排除。干扰项 B 项说闪电在美国主要杀死或伤害高尔夫球手，这种说法是没有依据的，这如果是一个选择题，那么答案一定是 NOT GIVEN，因为文中提到了每年美国有很多人(约 500)被闪电劈死或击伤，也说了高尔夫球手比较容易被击中，但是并没有说这些死者或伤者里主要是以高尔夫球手为主，也可能是登山者呢?也可能是冲浪者呢?选了这一项说明考生对两个并无关系的事实自行加上了关系。C 项说闪电在全球杀死或伤害 500人左右，文中说的是

25、在美国杀死或伤害 500人左右，范围不一致。D 项说闪电毁坏 100多家美国电力公司，文中说的是$100 million 的损失，这个区别比较明显。3.Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoAreceive funds from the same source.Bare using the same techniques.Care employed by commercial companies.Dare in opposition to each other.（分数：1.00）A

26、. B.C.D.解析：解析 分别找出 University of Florida和 University of New Mexico出现的地方，就能发现这两个学校的研究者都是由叫做 EPRI的组织提供资金支持的。干扰项 本题其他选项的干扰性不大。三、Questions 4-6(总题数：3，分数：3.00)4.EPRI receives financial support from 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：power companies）解析：解析 非常简单的题目，只要通过题目的 EPRI和 financial support定位到原文，就可以找到答案。这道题目需要知道

27、 fund作为动词有“融资、提供资金支持”的意思。5.The advantage of the technique being developed by Diels is that it can be used 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：safely）解析：解析 题目问狄尔斯的技术优势，通过 Diels定位到原文，不难发现他的技术优势其实就是安全，而且被专门强调。6.The main difficulty associated with using the laser equipment is related to its 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答

28、案：size）解析：解析 这道题目是在问激光器存在的主要问题，我们可以直接通过小标题 a stumbling block定位到第七段，从 no nifty portable可以得知激光器的体积是主要问题，即使不知道 no nifty portable的意思也没关系，后面一句中的 cut down the size同样能找到答案，而且是原词。四、Questions 7-10(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 11-13(总题数：3，分数：3.00)7.Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his las

29、er.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NO）解析：解析 题目说电力公司已经给了狄尔斯足够的钱，通过 money定位到文中的$5 million 和 cannot say I have money yet，从前后两句话都能够较容易地看出狄尔斯的系统还没有钱。8.Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：YES）解析：解析 题目陈述的是实战试验决定是否可以赚到钱，文中伯恩斯坦自己也说了：I cannot say I have mone

30、y yet以及 the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point，即是说我还没有钱，但实战试验是个转折。后面也提到了他预计试验成功后可能带来的价值，与题目陈述的相符。9.Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Dielss system.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：解析 题目说天气预报者对狄尔斯的系统有强烈的兴趣，文中涉及天气预报的只有第九段，说的是狄尔斯希望通过技术控制天气，没有提到天气预报者对此是何态度，完全是无中生有，判断为 NOT

31、 GIVEN。六、Passage 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 14-18(总题数：1，分数：1.00)10.NB Your answers may be given in any order.Below are listed some popular beliefs about genius and giftedness. Which FIVE of these beliefs are reported by the writer of the text?A Truly gifted people are talented in all areas.B The ta

32、lents of geniuses are soon exhausted.C Gifted people should use their gifts.D A genius appears once in every generation.E Genius can be easily destroyed by discouragement.F Genius is inherited.G Gifted people are very hard to live with.H People never appreciate true genius.I Geniuses are natural lea

33、ders.J Gifted people develop their greatness through difficulties.K Genius will always reveal itself.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B C F H J）解析：解析 这是一道比较特殊的题目，要求把文中提到的内容都选出来。这道题目的原文全部集中在第二段，原文中作者一口气列举了 13个有关天才的普遍信条，答案中有 5个是被提及的，只要把提到的选出即可。其中：B项 The talents of geniuses are soon exhausted.对应 that prodigies b

34、urn too brightly too soon and burn out;C项 Gifted people should use their gifts. 对应 that people with gifts have a responsibility to use them;F项 Genius is inherited. 对应 that some races are more intelligent or musical or mathematical than others, inherit意为：“遗传”；H项 People never appreciate true genius. 对

35、应 that genius goes unrecognized and unrewarded;J项 Gifted people develop their greatness through difficulties. 对应 that adversity makes men wise, adversity, 意为“逆境”。如果个别陌生词汇影响了判断，也可以通过排除法，看看哪几个选项文中提到，直接画去，剩下的就是提及的。八、Questions 19-26(总题数：8，分数：8.00)11.Nineteenth-century studies of the nature of genius fai

36、led to take into account the uniqueness of the persons upbringing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：解析 首先通过 nineteenth-century studies定位到第三段，再通过 upbringing定位到第四句。文中提到 we must also take into account information from other historical sources about how common or exceptional these were at the time，其中的 thes

37、e指的就是 early illnesses，methods of upbringing，schooling，etc意思是我们也要把关于天才的以上这些成长背景考虑进去，那么显然19世纪的研究是没有把这些问题考虑进去的。题目的描述正是对第三段的一个推论和简化改写，判断为TRUE，这一点也可以通过理解第三段其他的句子来验证。12.Nineteenth-century studies of genius lacked both objectivity and a proper scientific approach.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：解析 题目以 botha

38、nd的结构说 19世纪的研究同时缺乏 objectivity(客观性)和 scientific approach(科学方法)，我们就要在文中找到 objectivity和 scientific出现的地方。与第 19题一样，首先通过 nineteenth-century studies定位到第三段，文中出现这两个词的地方在第三段最后一句，说的是 20世纪可以 more objective就是在 20世纪解决了之前不客观的问题，但仍然没有解决不科学的问题。那么在 19世纪呢?肯定是既不客观又不科学，也就是与题目所陈述的一样，判断为TRUE。13.A true genius has general

39、powers capable of excellence in any area.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：FALSE）解析：解析 这道题目比较容易答错，因为仅根据关键词定位到第四段第四句的话，题目的说法是对的，正是 Dr Samuel Johnson的说法，但是原文下一句话紧接着出现了 disagree和 doubt等关键词否定了这一说法，最终的判断是 FALSE。在判断题中，当定位到原文中的某个句子未对题目进行判断时，要留意前后文(尤其是后文)，看有没有but，however，doubt 等表示转折的字眼否定前一句的说法，如果有的话，一般要以转折后的意思为判断依据。14

40、.The skills of ordinary individuals are in essence the same as the skills of prodigies.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：解析 题目说天才的技能在实质上与常人的技能相同，将原文简化(提出核心内容)后可以得到：achievements of prodigies are the manifestations of skills which are similar to our own，即在天才的成就中表现出的技能与我们的相同。至于 but so much superior to则可以忽

41、略，毕竟题目中也有 in essence(在本质上)的说法，不管高超不高超，本质是一样的。15.The ease with which truly great ideas are accepted and taken for granted fails to lessen their significance.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：解析 这道题目难度非常大，因为无论是题目还是原文都非常难理解，即使看翻译都觉得抽象。实际上原文是在说，常人的大脑和天才的大脑在本质上是一样的，天才的发明常人也能理解，就像大家都知道苹果会落地是因为地球引力一样，大家都知道地球引

42、力并不代表发现地球引力的牛顿所做的事情不伟大，毕竟是他发现的，只是他做得比我们好而已(是他发现的而我们只是理解并运用)。题目也是这个意思，是说天才的伟大发明其实已经融人到大家的生活中了，人们觉得这是理所当然的，并不会每天都感觉到这些发明的伟大(例如你不会每天开灯的时候都在心里默念：哇!感谢爱迪生，你让大家拥有了光明!)，但是这并不能抹杀这些发明的重要性。16.Giftedness and genius deserve proper scientific research into their true nature so that all talent may be retained for

43、the human race.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：解析 这道题目在原文找不到非常合适的定位，但文中最后一段提到了天赋和资质不能用实际存在的物质做相关解释，至于天赋是否能为人类所保留，则没有提及，判断为 NOT GIVEN。17.Geniuses often pay a high price to achieve greatness.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：解析 这道题目比较简单，只要将题目的关键词 pay a high price与原文中 price they may have paid对应上，即可做出判

44、断。18.To be a genius is worth the high personal cost（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：解析 我们很难给这道题定位，因为这道题目所说的内容在文中根本没有涉及，唯一能够找到与high personal cost相符的原文就是第六段最后一句。但是文中既没有说一个人付出了这些代价就能成为天才，也没有说要成为天才是值得付出这些代价的。这道题目是 NOT GIVEN。九、Passage 3(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Questions 27-32(总题数：1，分数：6.00)i The biological cl

45、ockii Why dying is beneficialiii The ageing process of men and womeniv Prolonging your lifev Limitations of life spanvi Modes of development of different speciesvii A stable life span despite improvementsviii Energy consumptionix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organismsx Repair of

46、genetic material（分数：6.00）(1).Our dead products are static, closed systems. It is always the basic material which constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes older. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of thermo

47、dynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not inexorable in the same way.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：ix）解析：解析 B 段一开头就提到了物体与生物的变老过程，所谓开头的“dead”是指“不会动的东西”，就是静物，之后提到了生物。虽然物体和生物都是在按照自然规律变老，但其结果和表现是不同的。符合这个意思的只有 ix项。(2).Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of