职称英语理工类A级-9及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A 级-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The synergy of humans, society and machines is the fundmental cause of the unparalleled material prosperity of many nations.（分数：1.00）A.unpopularB.unpredictableC.unquestionableD.unprecedented2.For many years the poor woman wa

2、s a virtual prisoner in her own home.（分数：1.00）A.a real prisonerB.a prisoner by lawC.an unreal prisonerD.in effect a prisoner3.Mother told me to take an umbrella with me; it might come in handy, she said.（分数：1.00）A.be convenientB.be usefulC.get cloudyD.start raining4.Machines are designed to help res

3、tore our intrinsic system of checks and balances of our biology.（分数：1.00）A.geneticB.innateC.internalD.inert5.The team usually wear shirts with red and white vertical stripes.（分数：1.00）A.horizontalB.wavyC.diagonalD.upright6.We become Ususceptible/U to the moods and feelings, the behavior and treatment

4、 of our spouse,（分数：1.00）A.responsibleB.suspiciousC.committedD.vulnerable7.It is a level that must extend beyond purely biological needs to comprise a set of indispensable machines and social interactions.（分数：1.00）A.consistB.surroundC.encompassD.confine8.The new dentist is much better than his predec

5、essor.（分数：1.00）A.his previous bossB.his ancestorC.the previous dentistD.his forefather9.We thought the arrangement was permanent, but apparently it wasnt.（分数：1.00）A.everlastingB.regularC.temporaryD.full-time10.The authors cousin Harry quite clearly had a rather weird sense of humour.（分数：1.00）A.fanci

6、fulB.eerieC.strangeD.outlandish11.In a world in which hunger remains prevalent, machines and organizations hold the key to producing more food and distributing it equitably.（分数：1.00）A.rampantB.disorderlyC.trendyD.conventional12.In the near future we can look for more women in leadership roles.（分数：1.

7、00）A.observeB.engageC.chooseD.expect13.He described the shape of the pot with a circular motion of his hand.（分数：1.00）A.shapedB.gravitationalC.squareD.round14.Could you condense all the worthwhile information in this book into a few pages?（分数：1.00）A.compressB.collectC.combineD.convert15.The Minister

8、admitted unwillingly that his Department had been “remiss“.（分数：1.00）A.assentedB.accededC.concededD.concurred二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。Experiments have been carried out on volunteers to see what happ

9、ens when all sensations are stopped. This can be done in several ways. One method is to put a man inside a completely isolated room. This room is heavily sound-proofed and absolutely dark. There is no light or sound and the person is instructed just to lie motionless in a bed. People have stayed in

10、rooms such as this for as long as four days. The results of sensory deprivation (SD) vary with the individual.Soon after entering the confinement cell most subjects went to sleep and slept almost without interruption for ten to twenty-four hours. These are gross estimates for there was nothing by wh

11、ich the subjects could determine the time which had elapsed. We know for certain that one subject slept for nineteen hours but insisted that he had had a nap of less than one hour. According to the monitoring microphone, which was capable of picking up the deep breathing of sleep, it seems more like

12、ly that most subjects slept all of the first twenty-four hours.We felt that so much sleeping in the first day wasted the effects of confinement, so we started placing subjects in SD early in the morning. We reasoned that after a night s sleep our confined subject would be unable to dissipate(驱散) the

13、 effects of SD by sleeping. Such was not the case. As far as we could determine they went to sleep just as quickly and slept just as long as the previous subjects. We then started entering the subjects at midmorning, midday, and midafternoon. As it turned out, it made no difference when during the d

14、ay and, presumably, during the night we started the confinement; the initial sleep period was always about the same.We had not expected this extended period of initial sleep. In fact, it had seemed reasonable to expect something of the opposite. SD was a very novel situation for our subjects, and as

15、 such, we reasoned, it should have occupied them for some time. I had a similar expectation for astronauts during space flight and was greatly surprised to learn that the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin had been able to sleep during his space flight around the earth.Other effects were also noted. Wit

16、h no real sensations to work on, the brain makes up all sorts of false information. Many people experience vivid dreams and hallucinations (幻觉). When they are finally taken out of the room into the real changing world of light and sound, they are in a very strange state of mind, ready to believe any

17、thing and not really able to make decisions.（分数：7.00）(1).This passage is mainly about what will happen if sensations were lost.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Total sensory deprivation means that the brain has no real information to. work on.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. N

18、ot mentioned(3).All the people react in the same way to sensory deprivation.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Microphones are used to control the breathing of subjects.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Many people are subject to fantasy while in the sensory depr

19、ivation cell.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).It took a long time for the subjects to adapt themselves to sensory deprivation.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).A period of sensory deprivation would make a monkey hard to control.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.

20、C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。While a personal computer should continue to perform predictably for years, veteran Windows users know all too well that system instability is

21、 a fact of life. Yet you can minimize the glitches that you experience with your computer by heeding the tips below.2. If you run Windows 98 or Windows Millennium, your computer should have at least 128 megabytes (MB) of RAM-and more if you find that your hard drive is churning a lot as you work wit

22、h your applications. You can also get by with 128 MB of RAM if you use Windows NT or Windows 2000, but these operating systems will run much more smoothly if you have 256 MB of RAM or more.3. Beta software, by its very nature, is pre-release softwaremeaning that it still has significant known bugs (

23、or defects). The same goes, unfortunately, for many shareware programs. The authors of shareware programs, typically, have much less time and fewer resources available for testing their programs. Consequently, it s far more common to find shareware software that is buggy.4. No-name hardwares may be

24、cheaper and sometimes just as good as name-brand products, but name-brand products usually became well-known because of their reliability. Its also wise to buy products from reputable companies because Windows will more often support the hardware that you purchase. If you are starting out with compu

25、ters, its also a good idea to buy ready-made systems from major manufacturers. These are likely to have tested thoroughly with your operating system, and you will generally experience fewer problems.5. No matter how well your system runs when you get it, the day will come when it will need to be rep

26、laced. Hopefully, you will replace it because the technology has become outdated, but you may need to replace it also because the hard drive crashes or you begin experiencing problems that no one can figure out. Thats why its important to back up your important files regularly. Whether you use a tap

27、e backup device or a CD-RW drive, its important to map out a regular backup schedule and to stick to it.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Before you use a computer system, you should know _

28、.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).When a hard disk gets too full, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).To save data, it is a good idea always to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Many shareware programs are buggy because _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个

29、最佳答案。B第一篇/B“Idle speculation“ has no place in science, but “speculation“ is its very lifeblood, a wellknown physicist believes.The more fundamental and far-reaching a scientific theory is, the more speculative it is likely to be. It is erroneous to believe that science is only concerned with “pure f

30、acts“, for mere accumulation of facts is a primitive form of science. A mature science tries to arrange facts in significant patterns to see relationships between previously unrelated aspects of the universe.A theory that does not suggest new ways of looking at the universe is not likely to make an

31、important contribution to the development of science. However it is also important that theories are checked by new experiments and observations.Dr. Ovenden discusses recent discoveries in biology, chemistry, and physics that give clues to the possibility of life in the solar system and other star s

32、ystems. He discusses conditions on Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn, and considers whether or not the same conditions may be found on planets of other stars.Only the planets Venus, Earth, and Mars lie within the temperature zone, about 75,000, 000 miles wide in which life can exist. Venus is covered

33、 by a dense layer of clouds which permit no observation of the surface, and the surface temperature of the planet is not known.Mars is colder than Earth, the average temperature being about minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit, compared with plus 59 degrees Fahrenheit as the average for earth. However near t

34、he Mars poles during the summer season, temperatures may rise to as much as 70 degrees Fahrenheit, whereas winter temperatures may fall to minus 130 degrees Fahrenheit.Because of the extreme difference in the Martian(火星的) seasons, the only life forms expected to exist, without a built-in(内在的，固有的) te

35、mperature control such as warm-blooded animals and humans have, are those which would stay inactive most of the year.Attempts have been made to detect in the spectrum of the dark markings on Mars, the absorption lines due to chlorophyII. So far the test has not succeeded. But the infrared spectrum o

36、f the Martian markings has been found to be very similar to the spectrum of earth vegetation when studied at high altitudes.（分数：15.00）(1).Life, as we know it, most likely would exist on Mars near its _.（分数：3.00）A.polesB.equatorC.centerD.canals(2).According to the author, life cannot exist on _.（分数：3

37、.00）A.VenusB.EarthC.MarsD.Saturn(3).A mature science（分数：3.00）A.presents pure factsB.disregards speculative thinkingC.looks for significant patterns in the factsD.uses idle speculations as life-blood(4).Dr Ovenden makes use of discoveries in biology, chemistry and physics to develop theories about_.（

38、分数：3.00）A.speculative thinkingB.the existence of life in the solar systemC.astronomyD.new experiments and observations(5).“Speculation is sciences very life-blood“ means that scientists _.（分数：3.00）A.are gamblers on scienceB.must form opinions about the data they gatherC.must concern themselves with

39、provable factsD.must understand all sciencesB第二篇/BCertainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber(海参). All living creatures, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about an odd animal

40、 that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous hut is considered supremely edible by gourmets(美食家) ?For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on

41、 its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud fiats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up .mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present.Sea cucumb

42、ers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish-brown to sandcolor and nearly white. One form even had vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumbers-shapedhence their nameand because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them

43、 to squeeze into narrow cracks where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become inactive and live at a low metabolic rate feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine

44、organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence.But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major e

45、nemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate 排除内脏) and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperatu

46、re is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.（分数：15.00）(1).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：3.00）A.the reason for the sea cucumbers nameB.ways to identify the sea cucumberC.places where the sea cucumber can be foundD.the peculiarities that make the sea cucumber unusual(2).According to the pas

47、sage, the shape of sea cucumber is imp6rtant because _.（分数：3.00）A.it helps them to digest their foodB.it helps them to protect themselves from dangerC.it makes it easier for them to move through the mudD.it makes them attractive to fish(3).The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses _.（分

48、数：3.00）A.the reproduction of sea cucumbersB.the food sources of sea cucumbersC.the eating habits of sea cucumbersD.threats to sea cucumbers existence(4).Which of the following characteristics of the sea cucumber seems to fascinate the author most?（分数：3.00）A.What the sea cucumber does when threatened

49、.B.Where the sea cucumber lives.C.How the sea cucumber hides from predators.D.What the sea cucumber eats.(5).What can be inferred about the defense mechanisms of the sea cucumber?（分数：3.00）A.They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.B.They are similar to those of most sea creatures.C.They are completely def