职称英语(综合类)29及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(综合类)29 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.My little daughter kept pulling my hair and I was really (annoyed).（分数：-1.00）A.angryB.hurtC.troubledD.stimulating2.Grandfather would (stay up) till small hours reading.（分数：-1.00）A.sit upB.sit inC.sit onD.sit through3.A seismograph is a (device) designed to m

2、easure vibrations of the ground.（分数：-1.00）A.elementB.telescopeC.vehicleD.instrument4.She could not endure the extreme (tension) and broke into tears suddenly.（分数：-1.00）A.braveryB.strainC.dangerD.security5.He has (thought out) the best way of saving oil for your car.（分数：-1.00）A.consideredB.decidedC.d

3、evotedD.devised6.It is (odd) that so little is known about the talented painter.（分数：-1.00）A.surprisingB.unreasonableC.strangeD.unbelievable7.Starfish (cling to) stones by the suction of their innumerable tube feet.（分数：-1.00）A.attractB.destroyC.swim over toD.hold fast to8.Our public transportation is

4、 not (sufficient) for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：-1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequate9.Through a procedure known as time-sharing, one large computer can be employed (simultaneously) by lots of small users.（分数：-1.00）A.ahead of timeB.all the timeC.at the same timeD.in

5、 time10.If wool is put into hot water, it tends to (shrink).（分数：-1.00）A.smellB.fadeC.hardenD.contract11.The doctor soon made the worried patient feel (comfortable).（分数：-1.00）A.at easeB.in privateC.at restD.in peace12.This book (embraces) many subjects.（分数：-1.00）A.adoptsB.coversC.pressesD.accepts13.W

6、e can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).（分数：-1.00）A.healthyB.unmistakableC.reliableD.unquestionable14.The short stories of Katherine Mansfield demonstrate her keen perceptions of human (character).（分数：-1.00）A.natureB.statusC.comedyD.appetite15.Electrical app

7、liances such as toasters or hair dryers are designed to (take advantage of) the ability of an electric current to heat a wire.（分数：-1.00）A.augmentB.make sense ofC.make use ofD.reinstallFlu Shots Or Not? It sounded like a good idea when New York Citys mayor, Rudollph Giuliani, advised New Yorkers rece

8、ntly to get a flu shot. After all, 20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular, the mayor suggested, getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational (吸入的) form of anthrax (炭疽). How? Both

9、 anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptomsfever, chills and muscle achesin the early days of the infection. Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated (接种疫苗) against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify an

10、y new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest, most treatable stages. Or so the mayors reasoning went. Unfortunately, there are a couple of problems with his logic. For one thing, getting vaccinated against influenza doesnt guarantee you wont get sick. Although highly effec

11、tive, the flu vaccine (疫苗) protects against only the dominant types of the disease and even then does not provide 100% protection. It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies (抗体). Each year thousands of Americans who get the vaccine neve

12、rtheless still get the flu. There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever, chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu. Indeed, doctors estimate that more than 80% of all flu like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses. Getting vaccinate

13、d against flu cant protect you against suffering from these other illnesses. In the worst case, asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended, leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to th

14、e infection. Already there have been delays in getting this years shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctors offices. Those who should be at the front of the line include folks who are 65 or older, nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who care

15、s for or lives with such people. Flu shots are also important for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV (艾滋病病毒) or other conditions. The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it protects against most flus not that youre worried about getting anthrax. While inhalational anthrax ha

16、s killed only five people so far, many more could be at risk from flu-related complications. Theres no need to worsen the tragedy by making this years influenza epidemic any worse. （分数：-0.98）(1).Quite a few New Yorkers took their mayors recent advice and got a flu shot.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not

17、mentioned(2).It is not easy to tell anthrax from flu in the early days of the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Those who get the flu vaccine are surely protected from the disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Some other illnesses may exhibit symptoms similar to those

18、 of flu and anthrax.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Asking all healthy adults to get a flu shot may result in a shortage of the flu shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).People who care for those most vulnerable to the influenz

19、a infection neednt get flu shots.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).None of the five people killed by inhalational anthrax had been vaccinated against influenza.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedResistance to Malaria 1. “Our job“, said the health officer, “is to spray the walls of every

20、 house in every town and village in the malaria parts of Mexico“. You may be surprised to learn that there are about ninety-nine thousand separate villages and towns. Some are big places like Mexico City, some are single houses deep in the jungles or upon the mountain-tops. The men working with our

21、programme say that most of these localities lie within districts warm enough for the malaria-carrying mosquitoes to live in and spread the disease. That means that we must plan to spray the walls of nearly three million house once or twice a year for five years.“ 2. “We have studied everything very

22、carefully“ , the officer continued. “Our advance guards have drawn maps of some forty thousand parts of the country for use by the spray teams. Each house in the malaria districts has been given a special number. The United Nations has given us cars and trucks to carry the spray teams and their tool

23、s, but many of the houses to be sprayed are too difficult to reach by car. Half of our spray teams go on horseback or by boat.“ 3. “The malaria programme has been popular with the Mexican people. Everyone wants to help. The navy has offered us the services of ships. The Defence Department is helping

24、 us plan the movement of men and supplies. The Ministry of Education has printed sheets in Spanish and the more widely spoken Indian languages to explain how malaria is spread and why spraying helps. Doctors have spoken in the churches of many communities to explain the programme.“ 4. Resistance is

25、a problem. It was in the United States that such resistance to sprays was first proved. Since then many other insects have developed resistance to poisons. Take the case of the housefly and D.D.T. At first D.D.T. killed them off. For a time flies died quickly. Then no more. Now D.D.T. wont hurt a fl

26、y. 5. What worries the health workers is the danger that mosquitoes may become resistant. Already resistance to some of the sprays has appeared in parts of the world, although no insect is yet resistant to all of the sprays. A. What worries us? B. What we have done? C. Whats our job? D. More and mor

27、e people joined us. E. It will be a hard work. F. Whats the problem? （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).The Education Department support the malaria programme by_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).

28、D. D. T. is a kind of poisons which could_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).It takes _ to finish all the projects.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).Carrying out such a programme in Mexico needs_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Modern Drugs Doctors, sixty years ago, could do little to help victims of polio. Serious cases usually ended

29、 in death. In 1955, a vaccine was developed that prevented the disease. Today, polio is no longer a major health problem. Many of the most important drugs that doctors prescribe today have been developed in the last 30 years. Modern drugs are complex, specific and powerful. People need to know more

30、about drugs in order to use them safely. Early people discovered by accident that some of the plants growing around them seemed useful to heal sores, relieve pain, or even cure diseases. These plants were the first drugs. Now plants are still the source of some drugs. Quinine, for example, is a bitt

31、er-tasting drug used to treat the chills and fever of malaria and to reduce attacks of the disease. It is made from the bark of the cinchona tree, which grows in the Andes Mountains. The Indians of that region were the first to use the bark as a medicine. The Spanish people probably brought it to Eu

32、rope in the early 1600s. Chemists learned how to get the pure drug from the bark and in 1944; it was made artificially in the laboratory. Other important drugs, such as hormones and vaccines, are obtained from animals. But most of the modern drugs come from chemical combinations worked out by resear

33、ch scientists. Most people never see drugs in their simple form as chemicals. Instead, they are seen as tablets, capsules or liquids that contain the drug and other ingredients. People use drugs to get different results. Some drugs attack the organism that causes a disease. They cure by killing the

34、organism. Other drugs relieve what we call the symptoms of the disease: the headache, pain, fever or chills, and make the patient more comfortable. These constitute most over-the-counter drugs. People can get them in drug stores. （分数：-1.00）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：-0.20）A.The de

35、velopment of modern drugs.B.How to make drugs.C.How to use drugs safely.D.The development of drugs.(2).It seems to the author that the medicine used by early people_.（分数：-0.20）A.was of no real valueB.was probably effectiveC.was easy to makeD.did more harm than good(3).Concerning the drug quinine, wh

36、ich of the following is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Originally, quinine was made from some tree bark.B.Quinine is used to cure malaria.C.Now, the cinchona tree is no longer the only source of quinine.D.It was the Spanish people who first used quinine as a medicine.(4).It is implied in the passage that most

37、 drugs can be_.（分数：-0.20）A.manufactured artificiallyB.got from animal sourcesC.found naturally in plantsD.made from tree bark(5).The “over-the-counter drugs“ are those that _.（分数：-0.20）A.patients can get without doctors prescriptionsB.can relieve the symptoms of a diseaseC.attack the organism that c

38、auses a diseaseD.tend to be complex and powerful synthetic drugsVegetarianism A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. The main objection to vegetarianism on a long-term basis is the difficulty to getting enough protein, the body building elements in

39、food. If you have ever been without meat or animal foods for some days of weeks(say, religious reasons) you will have noticed that you tend to get physically rather weak. You are glad when the fast is over and you get your reward of a succulent meat meal. Proteins are built up from approximately twe

40、nty food elements called “amino-acids“, which are found more abundantly in animal protein than in vegetable protein. This means you have to eat a great deal more vegetable than animal food in order to get enough of these amino-acids. A great of the vegetable food goes to waste in this process and fr

41、om the physiological point of view there is not much to be said in favor of life-long vegetarianism. The economic side of the question, though, must be considered. Vegetable food is much cheaper than animal food. However, since only a small proportion of the vegetable protein is useful for body-buil

42、ding purposes, a consistent vegetarian, if he is to gain the necessary 70 grams of protein a day, has to consume a greater bulk of food than his digestive organs can comfortably deal with. In fairness, though, it must be pointed out that vegetarians claim they need far less than 70 grams of protein

43、a day. Whether or not vegetarianism should be advocated for adults, it is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources. A lacto-vegetarian diet, which includes milk and milk products such as cheese, can, however, be satisfactory as lo

44、ng as enough milk and milk products are consumed. Meat and cheese are the best sources of usable digestible and next come milk, fish and eggs. Slow and careful cooking of meat makes it more digestible and assists in the breaking down of the protein content by the body. When cooking vegetables, howev

45、er, the vitamins, and in particular the water-solube vitamin C, should be lost through overcooking. （分数：-1.00）(1).A vegetarian is a person who_.（分数：-0.20）A.eats the meat of animals onlyB.eats the vegetable onlyC.drinks milk onlyD.eat nothing at all(2).Compared with vegetable food animal food contain

46、s_.（分数：-0.20）A.more proteinsB.more nutrientsC.more mineralsD.more amino-acids(3).The underlined word “lacto-vegetarian“ (in Para. 4) means_.（分数：-0.20）A.very strict vegetarianB.false-vegetarianC.not strict vegetarianD.non-vegetarian(4).From the passage, we know that_.（分数：-0.20）A.to gain enough protei

47、n, one must consume much more vegetable food than animal foodB.cooking vegetables for long time makes it more digestibleC.milk is the best source of usable animal proteinD.the most common deficiencies in Western diets are those of vitamins(5).Which of the following is best reflected the authors atti

48、tude?（分数：-0.20）A.Vegetarianism is not good for ones health.B.Vegetarianism should be advocated for adults.C.One should have a well-balanced diet containing elements of all foods.D.A lacto-vegetarian diet is the best as it provides adequate nutrition.Vice Vaccines At first glance, vice vaccines look

49、just great. These injections promise to inactivate drugs such as cocaine, heroin and nicotine in the bloodstream before they reach the brain. Without the “hit“, people just wont come back for more. Its true that these vaccines are still being developed, so their full risks and benefits are not yet clear. But all the signs are that for people who are in danger of overdosing, or for addicts who want to get themselves clean but need some help to overcome their craving, the vaccines will be immensely