职称英语(理工类)59及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(理工类)59 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Each leader had a (serious) look as he signed the peace treaty.（分数：-1.00）A.sincereB.graveC.honestD.suspicious2.He could never be (content) until he could afford to buy that beautiful car.（分数：-1.00）A.fullB.richC.wiseD.happy3.The economic reform in that countr

2、y has been (accelerated).（分数：-1.00）A.speeded upB.put offC.slowed downD.stopped4.The New Year is coming. We decided to give our room a (thorough) clean.（分数：-1.00）A.carefulB.completeC.realD.serious5.Our company is (collaborating) with a Japanese firm in designing a new computer.（分数：-1.00）A.mergingB.al

3、locatingC.communicatingD.cooperating6.When snow (collects) on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.（分数：-1.00）A.selectsB.scattersC.meltsD.accumulates7.In Toms eyes, the restaurant at the corner of the street is

4、 a very (smart) one.（分数：-1.00）A.cleverB.elegantC.loyalD.brave8.The earthquake has caused serious (damage) to this city.（分数：-1.00）A.destructionB.hurtC.injuryD.wound9.The technicians (conducted) investigations before they put forward the suggestions at the meeting.（分数：-1.00）A.madeB.directedC.guidedD.c

5、ontrolled10.Comets are still regarded with (fright) by some people.（分数：-1.00）A.dreadB.concernC.detachmentD.resentment11.Is the clock in the tower (accurate)?（分数：-1.00）A.correctB.newC.oldD.wrong12.The town is (famous) for its magnificent church towers.（分数：-1.00）A.knownB.contemporaryC.specializedD.spe

6、cified13.The project for developing local industries was (evaluated) for its usefulness, feasibility and easiness of execution.（分数：-1.00）A.assessedB.comparedC.measuredD.weighed14.How many radios will your factory (turn out) this year?（分数：-1.00）A.manufactureB.destroyC.exportD.import15.A seismograph i

7、s a (device) designed to measure vibrations of the ground.（分数：-1.00）A.elementB.telescopeC.vehicleD.instrumentThe Attitude For Computers As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that the

8、y think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puz

9、zling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computers get more complete, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new form of life. The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing,

10、 computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computers brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival. Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they

11、often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain at one time and it freezes up. We are still in cont

12、rol, but the capabilities of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built ou

13、t of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements as he has surpassed those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chem

14、istry enthusiast would assume that the species must be mans flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon. （分数：-0.98）(1).Dr. Samuel Johson disapproved of ladies to preach.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).Today, computers are still inferi

15、or to man in terms of growth of reasoning power.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).In terms of making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long procedures of evolution the slow pace of life didnt require such an ability of the human brain.（分数：-0.14）A

16、.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).When he thinks highly of the development of computer science, the author doesnt mean that human beings have lost control of computers.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not

17、 Mentioned(6).Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedMedicine 1. Medicine is the science and art of healing. It is a science be

18、cause it is based on knowledge gained through careful study and experimentation. It is an art because it depends on how skillfully doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge when dealing with patients. 2. The goals of medicine are to save lives, to relieve suffering, and to maintain the

19、dignity of ill individuals. For this reason, medicine has long been one of the most respected professions. Thousands of men and women who work in the medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick. When disaster strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured. When epidemics th

20、reaten, doctors and nurses work to prevent the spread of disease. Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of fighting disease. 3. Human beings have suffered from illnesses since they first appeared on the earth. Throughout most of this time, they knew little about ho

21、w the human body works or what causes disease. Treatment was based largely on superstition and guesswork. 4. However, medicine has made tremendous progress in the last several hundred years. Today, it is possible to cure, control, or prevent hundreds of diseases. People live longer than they did in

22、the past as a result of new drugs, machines, and surgical operations. Medical progress in the control of infectious diseases, improvements in health care programs for mothers and children, and better nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions have given people a longer life expectancy. 5. As medic

23、ine has become more scientific, it has also become more complicated. In the past, doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly. Patients received treatment at home for most kinds of illnesses. Today , doctors no longer work by themselves. Instead. They head medical teams made up of nurses, labo

24、ratory workers, and many other skilled professionals. The care provided by such teams cannot generally be started at home. As a result, clinics and hospitals have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries. A. In ancient tribes, treatment was executed by witch doctors and based larg

25、ely on superstition. B. Today, extensive knowledge and sophisticated medical techniques make possible the cure, control, and prevention of hundreds of disease C. The goals of medicine involve life rescuing, pain reducing, and dignity maintaining D. Control of infectious diseases is given as a reason

26、 for a longer a life E. School infirmaries appear as a result of increasing complicated medical work F. Medical care is now provided for patients in hospitals by a medical team consisting of doctors, nurses, and laboratory workers （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A

27、.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).Doctors are skillful in dealing with patients just as_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Doctors apply the knowledge gained through_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).Medical progress, improved health care, and better living conditions have en

28、sured_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).With the development of the medicine, clinics and hospitals have become _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.Natural Health Care Natural health care is a philosophy and a set of principles and practices based on science that lead to an extraordinary level of personal health and happine

29、ss. It recognizes the unity of all life and holds that physical, mental, and emotional health cannot be separated, and that personal health, environmental health, and community health are parts of a whole. Natural hygiene (卫生学) teaches that the best way to achieve best health is right livingdevelopi

30、ng self-esteem and a positive attitude towards life; eating fresh, whole natural foods; exercising regularly; getting plenty of rest and sleep; getting plenty of fresh air and sunshine; learning to handle stress; and avoiding all negative influences of life. Basic principles: Natural health care is

31、unique in its argument that health is normalas simple as living in harmony with nature. Health and disease are a continuum (连续统一体)the same physiological (生理的) laws govern the body in sickness and in health. Healing (康复) is a biological processexcept in extraordinary circumstances, healing is the res

32、ult of actions undertaken by the body on its own behalf. The tradition of natural health care: The traditional principles of natural hygiene are explained by Herbert M. Shelton in his Natural Hygiene: The Plain Way of Life. Shelton writes: It should not require argument to convince intelligent men a

33、nd women that man can return to health and strength only upon a basis of law, natural law, specifically, upon a basis of those laws that operate to make human life possible. All laws essential to the welfare of man are written in his own constitution. Every rule of human conduct to be valued in prom

34、oting human welfare and happiness must be in harmony with his nature. No law, no social custom, no moral principle, can have any validity (有效性) for man that does not agree with his highest welfare. If it is not closely related to mans highest physical, moral and intellectual fitness, it cannot be co

35、nsistent with his highest ideals of truth, duty and enjoyment. （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, physical, mental, and emotional health are_.（分数：-0.20）A.closely linkedB.completely unrelatedC.pretty much the sameD.quite unimportant(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of rig

36、ht living?（分数：-0.20）A.Taking a positive attitude towards life.B.Learning to give in.C.Sleeping as much as possible.D.Exercising regularly.(3).In view of the basic principles of natural health care, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Health means living in harmony with nature.B

37、.Healing is a biological process.C.The same physiological laws govern the body in sickness and in health.D.There is no difference between health and disease.(4).In Sheltons eyes, trying to convince intelligent people that man can return to health only on a basis of natural law_.（分数：-0.20）A.may prove

38、 difficultB.is impossibleC.will need a great deal of argumentD.should be easy(5).No rule of human conduct can be considered important in promoting the welfare of man unless_.（分数：-0.20）A.it has been turned into a lawB.it is in harmony with his natureC.it has nothing to do with his highest fitnessD.it

39、 disagrees with his highest idealsThe Grand Canyon Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷), gazing across this giant wound in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsion(震动). In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being s

40、udden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1,000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered formations o

41、f rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateau s flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions upwarding (弯曲上升) ; it was

42、 followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers , located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Col

43、orado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the

44、 Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistanc

45、e of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. The Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carreside canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and

46、the pattern of erosion continues. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage mainly discusses_.（分数：-0.20）A.patterns of erosion in different mountain rangesB.forces that made the Grand CanyonC.the increasing pollution of the Colorado RiverD.the sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon(2).The word “wound“ (Line 1 ,Para.

47、1 ) indicates that_.（分数：-0.20）A.it was caused by some ancient convulsionB.its presence is an embarrassment to the state of ColoradoC.it looks like an injury on the Earths surfaceD.it has caused many visitors to injure themselves(3).According to the passage, how many miles long was the trench that be

48、came known as the Grand Canyon?（分数：-0.20）A.10,100.B.277.C.14.D.10.(4).It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_.（分数：-0.20）A.its shapes are constantly changingB.it contains approximately 14 million tons of rockC.its eruptions have increased in recent yearsD.it is being eroded

49、 by toxic waste and pollutants(5).The passage would most likely be found in a textbook on which of the following subjects?（分数：-0.20）A.AstronomyB.Botany(植物学)C.GeologyD.ChemistryKnitting My mother knew how to knit (编织), but she never taught me. She assumed, as did many women of her generation, that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to daughter. A combination of feminism (女权主义) and consumerism (浪费主义) made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of date. My Grandmother