雅思机经听力试题--黑猩猩的行为研究及答案解析.doc

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1、雅思机经听力试题-黑猩猩的行为研究及答案解析(总分：20.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、研究方法(总题数：1，分数：2.00)Listen to the conversation and circle the appropriate letter.（分数：2.00）(1).Whats the percentage of genes that human and chimpanzees share?（分数：1.00）A.19%B.98%C.80%(2).Whats the new method that can be of great help to the chimpanzee resea

2、rch?（分数：1.00）A.genetic methodB.relative methodC.biological method二、黑猩猩的学习方式(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Listen to the statement and complete the following sentences with ONE WORD ONLY.（分数：3.00）(1).Studies have shown that chimpanzees learn through 1of each other.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).An argument goes like this: rein

3、forcement has more influence on the choice of 1than on the actual acquisition.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Chimpanzees are found to crash nuts with 1hammers.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、工具的制造和使用(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and complete the blanks below. Use up to two words. At the beginning of 1960s, people f

4、ound that chimpanzees know making 6 1and making them beneficial for themselves. With closer study, their 7 2have surprised more and more researchers, e.g. hunting, sharing food. They can use 8 3to get ants and termites, and to frighten the invaders off. They can also use leaves to get water and ston

5、es to 9 4.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、黑猩猩的技能(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and match each event with the right skill behind it. A Understanding some series of numbers B Making arrangements for future events C Using symbols to communicate D Hunting E Reaching unreachable foods F Ge

6、tting away from the cage （分数：4.00）(1).Cooperation skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Linguistic skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(3).Numeracy skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Problem solving skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.五、黑猩猩的分布情况(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Listen to the statement and complete the following sentences with

7、 NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.（分数：3.00）(1).In Africa, the subspecies of chimpanzees live in different places 1 of countries.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2). 1takes the most responsibility for the extinction of chimpanzees.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3). 1and poaching contribute to the decreasing number of the habitats of chim

8、panzees.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_六、黑猩猩的行为进化过程(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and identify the following statements, TRUE (T), FALSE (F), or NOT GIVEN (N).（分数：4.00）(1).Chimpanzees can copy humans behaviors._（分数：1.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(2).Genetic transmission may result in stable behaviors._（分数：1.

9、00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(3).Individual learning occurs once per reproductive event._（分数：1.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN(4).Social learning can be the most rapid process among the three learning processes._（分数：1.00）A.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN雅思机经听力试题-黑猩猩的行为研究答案解析(总分：20.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、研究方法(总题数：1，分数：2.

10、00)Listen to the conversation and circle the appropriate letter.（分数：2.00）(1).Whats the percentage of genes that human and chimpanzees share?（分数：1.00）A.19%B.98% C.80%解析：STUDENT:Good morning, Prof. I hear that you lead a team to conduct a research about the chimpanzee. Im really interested in it. May

11、I take part in your team? PROFESSOR:Well. I quite appreciate your frankness. So tell me why you want to join my team. STUDENT:The chimpanzees are our closest living relatives, sharing more than 98% of our genetic blueprint. Im always curious about the human beings. So I think a good knowledge of the

12、 chimpanzee is the first step to know about human beings. PROFESSOR:You have a good intention. Have you got any idea about the research method? STUDENT:Yeah. The biological method is an important one in zoology. When we need to find some information about their lives, this method can be useful. PROF

13、ESSOR:Yes. Now advanced technologies make gene projects available. In this way, genetic methods should also be taken into consideration. STUDENT:Yeah. I forgot that point. As the number of the chimpanzees is decreasing now, gene projects will definitely provide new insights in the chimpanzee researc

14、h. PROFESSOR:Well. Tm sure youve read something on it. Come to my office this afternoon. Well have a further talk.(2).Whats the new method that can be of great help to the chimpanzee research?（分数：1.00）A.genetic method B.relative methodC.biological method解析：二、黑猩猩的学习方式(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Listen to the stat

15、ement and complete the following sentences with ONE WORD ONLY.（分数：3.00）(1).Studies have shown that chimpanzees learn through 1of each other.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：observation）解析：Experimental studies have shown that chimpanzees are able to learn complex behaviors by observation. The observational lea

16、rning is a type of learning that occurs as a function of observing, retaining, and replicating novel behaviors executed by others. It is argued that reinforcement has the effect of influencing which responses one will partake in, more than it influences the actual acquisition of the new response. On

17、ce chimpanzees notice some useful behaviors, they will try to retain and replicate them. The source behaviors come from their own species. This point is acknowledged by all. But can human ever act as chimpanzees teacher? Sometimes the hammers and anvils the chimpanzees leave behind, some made of sto

18、ne, would excite the imagination of any anthropologist searching for signs of the chimpanzees. It turns out that stone hammers are used to break nuts just as human beings did before.(2).An argument goes like this: reinforcement has more influence on the choice of 1than on the actual acquisition.（分数：

19、1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：responses）解析：(3).Chimpanzees are found to crash nuts with 1hammers.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：stone）解析：三、工具的制造和使用(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and complete the blanks below. Use up to two words. At the beginning of 1960s, people found that chimpanzees know making 6 1and makin

20、g them beneficial for themselves. With closer study, their 7 2have surprised more and more researchers, e.g. hunting, sharing food. They can use 8 3to get ants and termites, and to frighten the invaders off. They can also use leaves to get water and stones to 9 4.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：tools）填空项 1:_

21、 （正确答案：behaviors）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：sticks）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：open shells）解析：四、黑猩猩的技能(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and match each event with the right skill behind it. A Understanding some series of numbers B Making arrangements for future events C Using symbols to communicate D Hunting E Reaching un

22、reachable foods F Getting away from the cage （分数：4.00）(1).Cooperation skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. E.F.解析：Chimpanzees are very intelligent and can learn extremely complex skills. They have sophisticated hunting strategies requiring cooperation, influence and rank. They are status conscious,manipulative

23、and capable of deception. Chimpanzees in the laboratory can also master various kinds of skills including, to some extent, linguistic and numerical abilities. They can learn to use symbols and understand aspects of human language including some relational syntax, concepts of number and numerical seq

24、uence, and they are capable of spontaneous planning for a future state or event. Also they show skills in solving problems. For example, when they want to get bananas that are positioned out of reach, they would stack wooden crates to use as makeshift ladders in order to retrieve the food. If the ba

25、nanas are placed on the ground outside of the cage, they would use sticks to lengthen the reach of their arms.(2).Linguistic skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.E.F.解析：(3).Numeracy skill _（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.E.F.解析：(4).Problem solving skill _（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E. F.解析：五、黑猩猩的分布情况(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Listen to the stateme

26、nt and complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.（分数：3.00）(1).In Africa, the subspecies of chimpanzees live in different places 1 of countries.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：21）解析：Chimpanzees are social animals that are active during the day. They are diurnal. Chimpanzees live in a wide

27、 variety of habitats, including tropical rain forests, often in the forest edges and clearings, woodlands, swamp forests, and grasslands in western Africa. The different subspecies live in different parts of western and central Africa in 21 different countries, from the Atlantic coast to well inland

28、. Chimpanzee populations are becoming increasingly fragmented as parts of their habitat are used by people. The current chimpanzee population is estimated between 80,000 to 120,000. The number one threat is the bush meat trade in which 6,000 chimpanzees per year are killed and eaten by humans. Chimp

29、anzees are currently threatened to extinction by habitat destruction for togging and mining, as well as poaching for the pet trade. As a result, the density is decreasing.(2). 1takes the most responsibility for the extinction of chimpanzees.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Bush meat trade）解析：(3). 1and poachin

30、g contribute to the decreasing number of the habitats of chimpanzees.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Logging,mining）解析：六、黑猩猩的行为进化过程(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Listen to the statement and identify the following statements, TRUE (T), FALSE (F), or NOT GIVEN (N).（分数：4.00）(1).Chimpanzees can copy humans behaviors._（分数：1.00）A

31、.TRUEB.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN 解析：Humans and chimpanzees, along with many other animal species, acquire their behavior via processes of genetic transmission, individual learning, and social learning, with the precise contribution of each of these sources of information differing for different behaviors. As

32、 a means of information transfer, genetic transmission occurs once per reproductive event and produces relatively inflexible behavior. Individual learning can occur more rapidly than genetic transmission, as each individual may learn many new behaviors during its lifetime. Social learning and the re

33、sulting cultural transmission may also occur independent of reproductive events and more than once in a lifetime. Social learning may sometimes be even more rapid than individual learning, because individuals may learn by observing others.(2).Genetic transmission may result in stable behaviors._（分数：1.00）A.TRUE B.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN解析：(3).Individual learning occurs once per reproductive event._（分数：1.00）A.TRUEB.FALSE C.NOT GIVEN解析：(4).Social learning can be the most rapid process among the three learning processes._（分数：1.00）A.TRUE B.FALSEC.NOT GIVEN解析：