完形填空通关(一)及答案解析.doc

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1、完形填空通关(一)及答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Exercise 1(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Scientists have developed a slimming drug after years of effortsThe drug can successfully (62) appetite and result (63) a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effectsThe drug (64) appetite control and, as a result, (65) the

2、build-up of fatty tissueLaboratory mice given the drug (66) up to a third of their total body weightWithin 20 minutes of (67) the drug, called C75, the mice lost interest in eating and survived apparently content on just 10 percent of the food they would (68) eat More (69) , the drug appears to prev

3、ent a serious (70) in metabolic rate- (71) tiredness and sleepiness which is typically (72) with living on a starving dietAs a result, mice taking the drug lost 45 percent (73) weight than mice fed the same amount of food, which compensate (74) the lack of food by becoming (75) in moving aroundThe s

4、cientists, from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said that C75 is likely to produce a (76) effect on humans because appetite control in the brmn is thought to be based largely on the same chemical paths as (77) in mice“We are not declaring to (78) the famous weightloss drug (79) we have fo

5、und, using C75, is a major path in the brain that the body uses naturally in bringing order to appetite at least in mice, “said Francis Khan, a senior team member“We (80) need effective drugs for weight loss (81) is a huge problem Were hoping to explore the possibilities of this new path“he said（分数：

6、70.00）A.controlB.activateC.protectD.destroyA.inB.onC.overD.atA.lets looseB.interferes withC.submits toD.ties upA.preventsB.causesC.increasesD.harmsA.managedB.droppedC.lostD.savedA.givingB.being givenC.givenD.having givenA.previouslyB.hardlyC.normallyD.largelyA.importantlyB.mysteriouslyC.depressingly

7、D.fortunatelyA.declineB.fallC.decreaseD.dropA.causingB.causedC.being causedD.having causedA.associatedB.relatedC.combinedD.concernedA.fartherB.heavierC.moreD.furtherA.forB.withC.toD.onA.more rapidlyB.slowerC.fasterD.more slowlyA.similarB.familiarC.identicalD.alikeA.thatB.whichC.whatD.thoseA.findB.ha

8、ve foundC.findingD.have been findingA.ThatB.ButC.WhatD.AndA.veryB.greatlyC.highlyD.badlyA.ObesityB.HealthC.MalnutritionD.Security二、Exercise 2(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Scientists and philosophers of science tend to speak as if“scientific language“ were intrinsically precise, as if those who use it must underst

9、and one anothers meaning, (62) they disagreeBut, (63) , scientific language is not as different from (64) language (65) is commonly believed；it, too, is (66) to imprecision and ambiguity and hence to (67) understandingMoreover, new theories(or arguments)are (68) , if ever, constructed by way of clea

10、rcut steps of induction, deduction, and (69) (or falsification)Neither are they defended, rejected, or accepted in (70) straight forward a manner (71) , scientists combine the rules of scientific (72) with a generous mixture of intuition, aesthetics and philosophical commitmentThe importance of (73)

11、 are sometimes called extralogical components of thought in the discovery of a new principle or laws is generally (74) We may recall Einsteins (75) ：“To these elementary laws there leads no logical path, (76) intuition, supported by being sympathetically in (77) with experience“But the role of these

12、 extralogical components in persuasion and acceptance(in making an argument (78) )is less frequently discussed, partly (79) they are lessvisibleThe ways in which the credibility or effectiveness of an argument depends on a realm of common experiences, and (80) extensive pracuce in communicating thos

13、e experiences in a common language, are hard to see precisely because such commonalities are taken for (81) Only when we step out of such a “consensuai domain“when we can stand out on the periphery of a community with a common language（分数：70.00）A.even ifB.unlessC.thoughD.ifA.in questionB.in reliefC.

14、in factD.in prospectA.standardB.popularC.vulgarD.ordinaryA.thatB.asC.whichD.soA.susceptibleB.subjectC.immuneD.relatedA.imperfectB.perfectC.impersonalD.personalA.nearlyB.merelyC.rarelyD.totallyA.vergeB.verificationC.justiceD.certaintyA.soB.suchC.tooD.veryA.In briefB.In advanceC.In practiceD.In compan

15、yA.psychologyB.methodologyC.archaeologyD.theologyA.thoseB.whichC.thatD.whatA.acknowledgedB.confessedC.abandonedD.refinedA.descriptionB.creationC.inventionD.mindA.but ratherB.no more thanC.but onlyD.less more thanA.pursuitB.touchC.proportionD.termsA.convincingB.wordyC.ensuredD.unreasonableA.sinceB.be

16、cause ofC.soD.becauseA.inB.onC.toD.withA.certainB.sureC.grantedD.example完形填空通关(一)答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Exercise 1(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Scientists have developed a slimming drug after years of effortsThe drug can successfully (62) appetite and result (63) a dramatic loss of weight without any apparen

17、t ill effectsThe drug (64) appetite control and, as a result, (65) the build-up of fatty tissueLaboratory mice given the drug (66) up to a third of their total body weightWithin 20 minutes of (67) the drug, called C75, the mice lost interest in eating and survived apparently content on just 10 perce

18、nt of the food they would (68) eat More (69) , the drug appears to prevent a serious (70) in metabolic rate- (71) tiredness and sleepiness which is typically (72) with living on a starving dietAs a result, mice taking the drug lost 45 percent (73) weight than mice fed the same amount of food, which

19、compensate (74) the lack of food by becoming (75) in moving aroundThe scientists, from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said that C75 is likely to produce a (76) effect on humans because appetite control in the brmn is thought to be based largely on the same chemical paths as (77) in mice“

20、We are not declaring to (78) the famous weightloss drug (79) we have found, using C75, is a major path in the brain that the body uses naturally in bringing order to appetite at least in mice, “said Francis Khan, a senior team member“We (80) need effective drugs for weight loss (81) is a huge proble

21、m Were hoping to explore the possibilities of this new path“he said（分数：70.00）A.control B.activateC.protectD.destroy解析：解析 本句的主语 The drug指的是第一句中的 slimming drug(减肥药)。本句是讲减肥药的作用，根据下段第一句中的 The drugappetite control可知，减肥药能够 control(控制)食用者的appetite(胃口，欲望)，故答案为 control(控制)。A.in B.onC.overD.at解析：解析 所填词需能与 res

22、ult搭配使用，备选项中符合此要求的只有 in。result in 意为“导致”，接事情的结果，符合此处语义。A.lets looseB.interferes with C.submits toD.ties up解析：解析 A)lets loose(释放，放出)通常指将某人或物从笼子、监狱等处释 放出来；B)interferes with(妨碍，干涉，干扰)，通常指妨碍某物发 挥正常的作用；C)submits to(服从，忍受)通常指在走投无路的情况下同意或服从某个人、团体或规定等；D)ties up(绑好，阻碍，占用)当其宾语为物时，通常指用绳子、线等将某物绑在一起。结合上述分析可知，最符合

23、句意的为 interferes with，用在句中表明减肥药能够干扰人体的食欲控制。A.prevents B.causesC.increasesD.harms解析：解析 句中的 as a result提示 the build-up of fatty tissue是 and前一分句的结果。由此可知，减肥药干扰人体的食欲控制的结果就是能够防止 the build-up of fattytissue(脂肪的堆积)，故答案为 prevents(防止)。A.managedB.droppedC.lost D.saved解析：解析 分析句子结构可知，所填词的宾语中心词为 body weight。本句主要是讲

24、被喂食减肥药的老鼠体重减掉了 1/3以上。备选项中通常与 weight搭配使用，表示“减肥”的只有 lost。A.givingB.being given C.givenD.having given解析：解析 所填词的逻辑宾语为 the。mice，它与表示“给，喂食”的 give之间应是被动关系，由此可知，所填词应符合的条件是：动名词、被动语态，备选项中符合此要求的只有 being given。A.previouslyB.hardlyC.normally D.largely解析：解析 并列连词 and提示，其后的分句同样也是说明减肥药对老鼠所起的作用。所填词所在的分句是修饰 the food的定

25、语从句，因此不难发现，10%是指被喂食减肥药的老鼠所吃的食物的量占它们没有吃减肥药之前所吃食物的量的 10%。没有被喂食减肥药之前，老鼠所吃的食物的量是正常的量，故答案为normally(正常地，通常地)。A.importantly B.mysteriouslyC.depressinglyD.fortunately解析：解析 由句中“the drug appears to prevent a”可知，本句也是在讲减肥药的作用，而且空格前的比较级 More提示，本句所讲的作用是对上文 所讲的减肥药的作用的一种递进，故答案为importantly(重要地)， 进一步说明减肥药更深一层的作用。A.de

26、cline B.fallC.decreaseD.drop解析：解析 备选项中的四个词都有“下降，降落”的含义，但在用法上各不相同。A)decline(下降，下落)通常表示在数量或作用上下降；B)fall(减少，下降)通常表示水平、价格、数量等由高变低；C) decrease(减少)通常指数量减少或水平降低；D)drop(下降)通 常指水平或数量降低到某一程度或降低某物的水平或减少某物的数量。可知，fall，decrease 和 drop所指的“降低，减少”，通常只与某物的数量或水平的降低有关，而不能表示“作用”降低，故可排除，答案为 decline，用在句中表明减肥药能帮助防止新陈代谢作用的

27、降低。A.causing B.causedC.being causedD.having caused解析：解析 分析句子结构可知，所填词的逻辑主语即是“a serious 70 in metabolic rate”，逻辑主语与 tiredness and sleepiness之间应是主动关系，结合第 70小题的分析可知，如果本句中使用动词的完成时，那就表明 cause这一动作发生在 decline这一动作之前，这明显不符合逻辑，故答案为causing。A.associated B.relatedC.combinedD.concerned解析：解析 所填词应能与 with搭配使用，relate

28、与 to联用，首先排除。A) associated 和 C)combined均能与 with搭配，虽然从语法上都适合，但二者的含义各不相同。associated 意为“关联，联系”，be associated with 意为“与有关”，当 with的宾语为“物”时，通 常指与某物存在一定联系；combined 意为“合并，结合”，与 with搭 配时，通常指两种事物一起发挥作用，或两种事物结合产生一种新事物。本句主要强调 tiredness和 sleepiness与 living on a staring diet有关系，由此可知答案为 associated。D)couceEned(关心，有关

29、)可构成短语 concern with，意为“使关心”，但不能用于被动语态中，故排除。A.fartherB.heavierC.more D.further解析：解析 分析句子结构可知，本句的比较是在被喂食减肥药的老鼠体重减少的 量与没有被喂食减肥药的老鼠体重减少的量之间进行的。既然是量之 间的比较，那么所填词就应该是 more。A)faJ-ther 表示程度上更进一 步或距离上更远；B)heavier 表示重量上更重，它不能用于此处，因 为它不能表示数量之间的比较；D)further 表示程度上更进一步。A.for B.withC.toD.on解析：解析 所填词应能与 compensae搭配使

30、用，符合此要求的只有 for。compensate for 意为“补偿，赔偿”。A.more rapidlyB.slower C.fasterD.more slowly解析：解析 become 为半系动词，其后通常接形容词做表语，故可首先将 A) more rapidly和 D)more slowly排除。B)slower(更慢的)和 C) faster。(更快的)为形容词，二者在意思上相反，所以应通过句意判 断。本句大意是：被喂食减肥药的老鼠与没有被喂食减肥药的老鼠所 吃的食物的量是相刷的，因为吃了减肥药的老鼠的食欲会下降，所以 它们所吃食物的量比起没有吃减肥药的老鼠来说就会减少，那么相同

31、的食物量就不足以保障没有吃减肥药的老鼠的正常活动，所以它们需 要 becoming slower in moving around。由此可知，老鼠要保存能量， 它们的移动速度就应该减慢，故答案为 slower。A.similar B.familiarC.identicalD.alike解析：解析 A)similar 和 B)familiar为近形词，但二者在意义上各不相同。A) similar 通常指两个或更多事物之间存在相同点；B)familiar 通常指对 某物十分熟悉或某物容易辨认。本句明显是讲 C75对老鼠的作用和对 人的作用存在相似之处，故答案为 similar。空格前的不定冠词 a

32、提 示，所填词的第一个音素应为辅音，故可排除 C)identical(一样的， 相同的)和 D)alike(相同的，相似的)。A.thatB.whichC.whatD.those 解析：解析 句中的 the sameas提示，本句是在人和老鼠之间的 chemical paths进行相似性比较，故所填词应能指代 chemical paths，备选项中具有代词作用的只有 that和 those，由于 chemical paths是复数，故选 those。A.findB.have found C.findingD.have been finding解析：解析 结合选项可知，本题主要是考查 find在

33、本句中应该使用什么时态或语态。通过下一句中的have found可知，本题中 find也应该使用现在完成时态，用在本句中表明 the famous weight-loss drug还没有被发现， 故答案为 have found。A.ThatB.ButC.What D.And解析：解析 通过分析句子结构可知，所填词应能引导主语从句且能充当 found的宾语，符合此要求的只有 What。如果仅从上一句来看，转折连词 But也适合，但这样所填词所在的句子中 is的主语就是using C75，明显不符合句意。 A.veryB.greatlyC.highlyD.badly 解析：解析 结合四个选项可知，

34、本题主要考查副词的用法。A)very 通常不用在行为动词前；B)greatly通常用来修饰具有形容词意义的过去分词前；C)highly 除了用于 think highly of之类的固定结构之外，多用于修饰过去分词或形容词。D)badly 在口语中可用来修饰 need，want：之类 的词，本句剐词修饰的是 need，故答案为 badly。A.Obesity B.HealthC.MalnutritionD.Security解析：解析 本文主要与减肥药有关，而减肥药有其存在的必要性，当然是因为肥胖的问题很严重，故答案应为 Obesity(肥胖，肥大)。B)Health(健康)范围太大，不适合本文

35、的语境。二、Exercise 2(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Scientists and philosophers of science tend to speak as if“scientific language“ were intrinsically precise, as if those who use it must understand one anothers meaning, (62) they disagreeBut, (63) , scientific language is not as different from (64) language (65) is co

36、mmonly believed；it, too, is (66) to imprecision and ambiguity and hence to (67) understandingMoreover, new theories(or arguments)are (68) , if ever, constructed by way of clearcut steps of induction, deduction, and (69) (or falsification)Neither are they defended, rejected, or accepted in (70) strai

37、ght forward a manner (71) , scientists combine the rules of scientific (72) with a generous mixture of intuition, aesthetics and philosophical commitmentThe importance of (73) are sometimes called extralogical components of thought in the discovery of a new principle or laws is generally (74) We may

38、 recall Einsteins (75) ：“To these elementary laws there leads no logical path, (76) intuition, supported by being sympathetically in (77) with experience“But the role of these extralogical components in persuasion and acceptance(in making an argument (78) )is less frequently discussed, partly (79) t

39、hey are lessvisibleThe ways in which the credibility or effectiveness of an argument depends on a realm of common experiences, and (80) extensive pracuce in communicating those experiences in a common language, are hard to see precisely because such commonalities are taken for (81) Only when we step

40、 out of such a “consensuai domain“when we can stand out on the periphery of a community with a common language（分数：70.00）A.even if B.unlessC.thoughD.if解析：解析 选项中 A)even if和 C)though引导让步状语从句；B)unless 和 D) if引导条件状语从句。结合本句大意可知，最符合句意的为 even if 该句大意为“科学家和哲学科学家们说起话来让人感觉好像科学语言 本身就是精确的，而且使用它的人们都应该彼此了解，即使他们不同

41、意对方的观点。”A.in questionB.in reliefC.in fact D.in prospect解析：解析 句首的 but提示，本句表达的意思与上一句相反。上一句使用了 as if 等词，表明scientific languagewere intI-insically precise”不是实际情况。根据转折连词 but的特点可知，本句所述是实际情况，故答 案为 in fact。A.standardB.popularC.vulgarD.ordinary 解析：解析 本句很明显是在将 scientific language和 language进行比较。跟科学语 言相对的，很明显就是普

42、通语言，故答案应为 ordinary。A.thatB.as C.whichD.so解析：解析 “notasas”为惯用搭配，意为“不像一样”，故选 as。A.susceptibleB.subject C.immuneD.related解析：解析 四个选项都可以与 to搭配使用，但在用法和意义上存在很大差别。 be susceptible to意为“易受影响的”be subject to意为“易于，倾向于”；beimmune to意为“免疫的”；be related to意为“与联系的”，结合句意可知答案为 subject。A.imperfect B.perfectC.impersonalD.p

43、ersonal解析：解析 空格前的 imprecision，ambiguity 都提示所填词也应表达消极含义，故可将答案限定在 A)imperfect和 C)impersonal中，但 impersonal意为“冷漠的，冷淡的”，明显不符合句意。故答案为imperfect(不完全的)。A.nearlyB.merelyC.rarely D.totally解析：解析 联系上下文可知，下句承接本句而来。下句句首的 Neither提示本句也应表达否定含义，表明 new theorjes也不是通过步骤清晰的归纳、演绎得出的。故答案为 rarely。A.vergeB.verification C.just

44、iceD.certainty解析：解析 并列连词 and和 or提示所填词应该能与 induction，deduction 和 falsification 构成同一个语义场景，选项中符合此要求的为 verification (论证)。A.so B.suchC.tooD.very解析：解析 结合空格后的内容可知，所填词应能用于“+形容词+不定冠 词+名词”结构中，选项中符合此要求的为 so。such 通常用于“such+不定冠词+名词”结构中。A.In briefB.In advanceC.In practice D.In company解析：解析 将各选项依次代入原文可知，最符合句意的为 In

45、 practice。用在句中 表明 new theories实际上是如何产生的。A.psychologyB.methodology C.archaeologyD.theology解析：解析 A)psychology 意为“心理学”；B)methodology 意为“方法学，方法论”；C)archaeology意为“考古学”；D)theolog)，意为“神学”。明确了各自的含义之后就可以很容易确定答案为methodology。A.thoseB.whichC.thatD.what 解析：解析 所填词应既能做 of的宾语，又能做 are的主语，选项中符合此要求的 为 what，它在本句中引导主语从句

46、。A.acknowledged B.confessedC.abandonedD.refined解析：解析 A)acknowledged 意为“承认某事”；B)confessed 意为“承认错误”； C)abandoned 意为“放弃、离开(某人、某物或某地)而不返回”； D)refined 意为“精炼，加工；从(某物)中除去杂质”。可知最符 合句意的是 acknowledged。A.description B.creationC.inventionD.mind解析：解析 句中的冒号及引号提示，“To these elementary laws”是 Einstein所 说的话，能正确体现引号后的

47、内容与 Einstein之间关系的为 description(描写，描述)。A.but ratherB.no more thanC.but only D.less more than解析：解析 空格前的 logical与空格后的 intuition存在对比关系，故可将答案限定 在 A)but rather和 C)but only中。but rather 本身的搭配有误，故可排除。答案为 but only。A.pursuitB.touch C.proportionD.terms解析：解析 所填词需能与 in，with 构成合理搭配，选项中符合此要求的为 touch。 in touch with

48、意为“同有联系”。A.convincing B.wordyC.ensuredD.unreasonable解析：解析 句中的 persuasion和 acceptance提示所填词不应表达消极含义，故可 首先将 B)wordy(冗长的，废话连篇的)和 D)unreasonable(不讲道理的)排除。其余两个选项中 convincing(令人信服的)符合句意 要求，j 故为答案。A.sinceB.because ofC.soD.because 解析：解析 从句中的 they指代的是主句中的 these extralogical components。主句 指出“the role ofis less

49、 frequently discussed(人们较少讨论非逻辑 成分在说理和让人接受一个论点中的作用)”，而从句则指出非逻辑成分不太可见。结合选项可知，前后两个句子之间明显存在因果关系，故答案为 because。A.inB.on C.toD.with解析：解析 并列连词 and提示，a realm of common expet“iences 和“extensive pracfice”都是the credibility or effectiveness of an arguments成立的条件。故所填词应是 on的原词复现，故答案为 on。and 后省略了 depends。A.certainB.sureC.granted D.example解析：解析 take fOr granted 为惯用搭配，意为“认为理所当然”，故答案为 granted。