上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟59及答案解析.doc

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1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 59 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy 1 Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had 2 thrust upon them at the 3 their career. They were introduc

2、ed to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives 4 . I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately 5 of business education. But if by chance 6 is absent any morning, the boy who 7 of the future partner in him will not 8 his hand at the br

3、oom. The other day a 9 in Michigan asked a young man whether he had ever seen a lady sweep in a room 10 her Priscilla. He said no, he never had, and the mother was 11 , but then said he, after a pause, “What I should like to see her do is sweep out a room“. It does not 12 to sweep out the office if

4、necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself. 13 you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is “ 14 “. I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the 15 . Do not rest content for a moment in your 16 , or foreman, or genera

5、l manager in any concern, 17 . Say to yourself, “My place is at the top. “ Be king in your dreams. And here is the 18 , the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, 19 on that line, to lead in it, ad

6、opt every improvement, 20 , and know the most about it. （分数：30.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.He painted it.B.He renovated it.C.He decorated it.D.He altered it.A.For fun.B.For his disabled son.C.For the prize he won.D.For

7、 selling the house at a higher price.A.He will buy a new house.B.He will save it for his son.C.He will start his own business.D.He will teach others about DIY.A.10,000 pounds.B.1,000 pounds.C.100,000 pounds.D.100 pounds.A.Electrics.B.Smoke alarms.C.The ceiling.D.Thomas“s wheelchair.Questions 6 to 10

8、 are based on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.24.B.More than 200.C.60.D.120.A.To carry out a current reform.B.To tighten domestic market activity.C.To create a sudden rise in demand in North Korea for Chinese Yuan and U.S. dollars.D.To trade with China more regularly.A.Rebuke the IAEA.B.Criticize the

9、 IAEA rebuke of Tehran“s nuclear program.C.Give up its rights to produce nuclear power.D.Stop the strategic relations with some countries.A.To issue a statement to denounce genocide and war crimes.B.To set up a permanent criminal court to punish heinous crimes.C.To ratify a treaty establishing an in

10、ternational criminal court.D.To appeal to other countries to sign up the treaty.A.S. is the strongest economy in the world.B.The productive capacity of U. S. economy.C.Change in U. S. dollar“s role as the world“s primary reserve currency.D.America“s massive indebtedness and a sharp boost in U. S. go

11、vernment spending.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.An actress.B.A singer.C.A dancer.D.An air-hostess.A.9-to-5 office clerk.B.Taxi driver.C.Architect.D.Executive.A.The woman doesn“t look after her voice.B.Talking and laughing can damage your voice as much as singing

12、.C.Talking slowly helps protect your voice.D.The woman occasionally works on weekends.A.Because she had to stay at the studio until very late.B.Because she had forgotten about the appointment.C.Because she doesn“t like her old friends any more.D.Because she is rarely punctual for a dinner party.A.Fa

13、mily life of an artist.B.The woman“s ambitions in her profession.C.Something related to a music career.D.What the critics have said about the vocalist.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.250,000.B.350,000.C.3, 000,000.D.3,500,000.A.The demolition of more and more low-incom

14、e housing.B.The rising cost of buying or renting a house.C.A rapid increase of unemployment rate.D.A large number of immigrants moving into this country.A.Over 60 percent of them are single mothers with small children.B.Around 20 percent of them are mentally ill.C.These people usually have a large f

15、amily.D.The typical “street person“ is a white male with a poorly-paid job.A.Because the government is too short of fund to provide sufficient cheap housing.B.Because people are indifferent, paying no attention to the problems of others.C.Because people who are concerned just don“t know how to help

16、the homeless.D.Because the “me-generation“ are concerned only with their own affairs and interests.A.To know the homeless and understand how they became that way.B.To launch an all-out war on poverty nationwide.C.To provide more affordable housing.D.To donate to the housing fund.四、SECTION 2 READING

17、TE(总题数：4，分数：50.00)Questions 15 In early June, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)the club of the world“s wealthy and almost wealthy nations released a 208-page document perversely titled “Pensions at a Glance“. Inside is a rundown of how generous OECD members are to thei

18、r burgeoning ranks of retirees. The US is near the bottom, with the average wage earner able to count on a government-mandated pension for just 52.4% of what he got (after taxes) in his working daysand higher-income workers even less. But the picture at the other end of the scale (dominated by Conti

19、nental Europe) is misleading. Most of these governments haven“t put aside money for pensions. As the ranks of retirees grow and workforces do not, countries will have to either renege on commitments or tax the hides off future workers. What the OECD data seem to suggest is that you can run a retirem

20、ent plan that“s fiscally sound but stingy, or you can make big promises that will eventually go sour. The US fits mostly in the former categoryfor all the gnashing of teeth about Social Security, its funding problems are modest by global standards. But is that really the choice? Actually, no. At lea

21、st one country appears to have found a better way. In the Netherlands“the globe“s No.1 pensions country,“ says influential retirement-plan consultant Keith Ambachtsheerthe average retiree can count on a pension equal to 96.8% of his working income. Ample money is set aside to fund pensions, and it i

22、s invested prudently but not timidly. Companies contribute to employees“ accounts but aren“t stuck with profit-killing obligations if their business shrinks or the stock market tanks. The Dutch have steered a middle way between irresponsible Continental generosity and practical Anglo-American stingi

23、ness. They have also, to lapse into pension jargon, split the difference between DB and DC plans. In a defined-benefit (DB) plan, workers are promised a retirement income, and the sponsorusually a corporation or governmentis on the hook to provide it. In a defined-contribution (DC) plan, the worker

24、and sometimes the employer set aside money and hope it will be enough. The big problem with DB is that sponsors are prone to lowball or ignore the true cost. In the U. S. , where corporate pensions provide a key supplement to Social Security, Congress has felt the need to pass multiple laws aimed at

25、 preventing companies from underfunding them. In response, some companies spent billions shoring up their funds; many others simply stopped offering pensions. Just since 2004, at least 66 big companies have frozen or terminated their DB plans, estimates Barclays Global Investors. Corporate DB has gi

26、ven way to individual DC plans like the 401(k) and IRA, but these put too much responsibility on the shoulders of individual workers. Many don“t save enough money, and those who do set aside enough earn returns that are on average much lower than those of pension funds. The Netherlands, like the US,

27、 has long relied on workplace pensions to supplement its government plan. The crucial difference is that these pensions were mandatory. Smaller employers had to band together to make a go of it, and industry-wide funds became standard. Run more as independent cooperatives than as captive corporate d

28、ivisions, the Dutch funds were less prone to underfunding than their US counterparts. When they nonetheless ran into financial trouble in 2002 after the stock market crashed and interest rates sank, the country came up with a unique response. The Dutch funds are now no longer on the hook for providi

29、ng a set income in retirement no matter what happens to financial markets that is, they“ve gone DCbut they didn“t shunt everything to individual workers. Risks are shared by all the members of a pension fund, and the money is managed by professionals. Pension consultant Ambachtsheer argues that this

30、 “collective DC“ is just what the U. S. needs. Many companies here are improving 401(k)s to give employees more guidance, and there“s talk in Washington of supplementing (not supplanting) Social Security with near mandatory retirement accounts. But even those changes would fall well short of going D

31、utch. Countries don“t always set aside enough money to pay for the pensions they promise.（分数：12.50）(1).According to the report released by OECD, _.（分数：2.50）A.the US does not have big pension problems in comparison with other countriesB.continental Europe is in fact not doing that well with retiremen

32、t-related issuesC.governments are generally reneging on their promises with pension problemsD.countries are all doing pretty well with retirement issues(2).According to the passage, in Netherlands, _.（分数：2.50）A.workers enjoy the highest income in the worldB.companies generally stop contributing to e

33、mployees“ accounts in bad times of economyC.pension policies bear no resemblance with that of the United StatesD.corporate effort goes together with governmental patronage in pension providing(3).All of the following are TRUE about DB plan EXCEPT that _.（分数：2.50）A.the sponsor provides retirement inc

34、ome when the money workers have been setting aside is not enoughB.it is adopted in the United StatesC.under a DB plan, companies may provide less money for pensions than neededD.currently it is not as preferred as individual DC plans in the United States(4).The 2002 financial trouble of Netherlands

35、is mentioned in the passage to show _.（分数：2.50）A.how the country came up with unique response in this financial crisisB.how closely economy is related to social welfareC.any country might run into financial trouble no matter how strong its pension system isD.the country“s pension system is stronger

36、in coping with shocks(5).The sentence “But even those changes would fall well short of going Dutch. “ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.50）A.US effort to change is far from enough to catch up with NetherlandsB.US effort to change will not help to provide retirees with enough mon

37、ey to go to HollandC.changes made in the United States will not make everybody pay the same amount of moneyD.changes made in the United States will never improve the country“s social security systemQuestions 610 Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they“ re always coming in for crit

38、icism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. “It“s iniquitous,“ they say, “that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show

39、how much profit the big companies are making. Why don“t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it“s the consumer who pays. “ The poor old consumer! He“d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn“t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the

40、 heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. A

41、dvertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc. , from an advertisement. Lots of people pretend that they never re

42、ad advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway

43、byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities. We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a posit

44、ive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a

45、newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price! Another thing we mustn“t forget is the “small ads. “ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instan

46、ce, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch“ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony“ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such

47、a deep insight into human nature. It“s the best advertisement for advertising there is!（分数：12.50）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：2.50）A.Advertisement.B.The benefits of advertisement.C.Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D.The costs of advertisement.(2).The attitude of t

48、he author toward advertisers is _.（分数：2.50）A.appreciativeB.trustworthyC.criticalD.dissatisfactory(3).Why do the critics criticize advertisers?（分数：2.50）A.Because advertisers often brag.B.Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money“.C.Because customers are encouraged to buy more than nece

49、ssary.D.Because customers pay more.(4).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.50）A.Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know many details of a product.B.We can buy what we want.C.Good quality products don“t need to be advertised.D.Advertisement makes our life more colorful.(5).The passage is_.（分数：2.50）A.narrationB.descriptionC.criticismD.argumentationQuestions 1115 President Clinton“s decision on Apr. 8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China“s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed t