公共英语四级-54及答案解析.doc

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1、公共英语四级-54 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)BPart A/B BDirections:/B I For Questions 1-5, you will hear an announcement on a tour flight. .While you listen, complete the sentences. Some of the information has been given to you. Write not more than 5 words for each answer. You

2、 will hear the recording twice, You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences below./I（分数：5.00）(1).The distance from the airport to the center of Sydney is_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The cost of Taxi trip to the city is_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The coach fare to the major hotels is_for children.（分数：1.00）填空项 1

3、:_(4).Tourists can exchange money_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Tourists can book hotels at_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What is a Greenhouse Effect?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What do the occurring gasses above us act as?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Why might the earth become warmer?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Wha

4、t is the latest prediction about the global temperature change in this conversation?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What is the best way to determine the global temperature, according to the conversation?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)IQuestions 11-13 are based on the following monologue about Ameri

5、can advertising. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13./I（分数：3.00）(1).What do we learn about the speaker?（分数：1.00）A.He has been in America for three years.B.He has always lived in America.C.He visited America three years ago.D.He has come to America to do research on advertising.(2).Whats

6、the speakers impression of the advertisement in America when he first arrived there?（分数：1.00）A.He found the advertisements there difficult to understand.B.The advertisements there were creative and necessary.C.The advertisements there were well designed.D.There were far more advertisements there tha

7、n he had expected.(3).What does the speaker think future advertisers should do?（分数：1.00）A.Spend less money on advertising.B.Advertise more for their products.C.Use new advertising techniques.D.Be more careful about what they advertise.I Questions 14-17 are based on the following dialogue between cla

8、ssmates about their presentation. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 14-17./I（分数：4.00）(1).What is the womans tone of voice when she first sees the man?（分数：1.00）A.Relieved.B.Sarcastic.C.Sad.D.Apologetic.(2).What are the students doing when the man arrives in the class?（分数：1.00）A.Having a class

9、 discussion.B.Giving presentations.C.Drawing graphs.D.Taking an exam.(3).What classes are the man and the woman probably taking?（分数：1.00）A.Fashion design.B.Chemistry.C.Business.D.Art appreciation.(4).How much time do the man and the woman have before they address the class?（分数：1.00）A.Less than ten m

10、inutes.B.About twenty minutes.C.Over an hour.D.Forty-five minutes.I Questions 18-20 are based on the following dialogue given by Professor Robert Watson who was answering questions on a radio phone program on the subject of learning a foreign language. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18-20

11、./I（分数：3.00）(1).How has Mr. Humphries been learning Spanish?（分数：1.00）A.He has been going to an evening class and made many foreign friends.B.He has watched quite a lot of DVD.C.He has listened to the BBC radio programs.D.He has been going to an evening class and has watched quite a lot of the BBC TV

12、 programs.(2).What advice was given by Professor Watson7（分数：1.00）A.Practice more in using the language.B.Go to live with the native speakers.C.Watch more TV programs.D.Read more newspaper and magazines(3).What does “learning to speak“ mean, according to the professor?（分数：1.00）A.It means being able t

13、o put together the right groups of words and to say them in a reasonably accurate way.B.It means being able to pronounce correctly.C.It means having an accurate tone and pronunciation.D.It means speaking must obey certain grammar四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A new computer system has been designed

14、 to stop ships sinking. The greatest dangerU (21) /Ua holed vessel is that flooding of its compartments will make the ship unstable enough to capsize. It is estimated that nearly half the shipsU (22) /Uduring the second world war capsized because of the loss ofU (23) /U.Pacer systems of Burlington,

15、Massachusetts, has nowU (24) /Ua system devised by aU (25) /UUS Navy officer, Stephen Drabouski, which effectively thought out alternative strategies for the ship. TheU (26) /Uis programmed with every possible eventuality of flood damage.U (27) /Uthe actual damage is keyed into the computer the oper

16、ator is told by the computerU (28) /Uthe implications are and what can be done to destabilize the vessel.Trials on the “American aircraft carrier USS Midway“ haveU (29) /Uthat the reaction time to damage can be cut to a fiftieth. An incident was simulated in which the ship wasU (30) /Uby two missile

17、s causing flooding to 30 compartments. It took 10 minutesU (31) /Ureceipt of the flood damage information in the damage control center to a full printout of damage effects,U (32) /Ucountermeasures and an assessment of the result of the countermeasures;In a re-run of the incidentU (33) /Uthe computer

18、 program the damage control officer took four and a quarter hours to establish theU (34) /Uof the damage and another four hoursU (35) /Ua decision could be taken on counter measures.U(36) /Uthe system can be used to provide damage control officers with advice, they do not, of course, have toU (37) /

19、Uthe information. Quite often the“U (38) /Usolution“ will be unacceptable for operational reasons. When that happens the system can be asked forU (39) /Uor the operator can interrogate the computer to find out what would happenU (40) /Uthe officers own solution was put into action.（分数：20.00）A.toB.on

20、C.inD.forA.survivedB.sunkC.damagedD.builtA.weightB.protectionC.stabilityD.powerA.rebuiltB.inventedC.refinedD.designedA.preserveB.reserveC.observeD.conserveA.projectB.computerC.systemD.networkA.ForB.AsC.SinceD.OnceA.whatB.howC.ifD.thatA.failedB.exposedC.shownD.succeededA.sunkB.hitC.explodedD.bombedA.

21、atB.overC.fromD.forA.preservativeB.preventiveC.impliedD.suggestedA.withoutB.forC.byD.withA.proofsB.effectsC.solutionsD.uncertaintyA.afterB.beforeC.providedD.now thatA.IfB.WhenC.AlthoughD.UnlessA.acceptB.processC.modifyD.analyzeA.finalB.possibleC.optimumD.suggestedA.alternativesB.decisionsC.solutionD

22、.suggestionsA.afterB.whenC.beforeD.if五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPassage 1/BIt is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard“, the social sciences as “soft“, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical sy

23、stems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in mm are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one su

24、spects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earths social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not like

25、ly to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social sys

26、tem derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, even of earths geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked

27、out. If we define the “security“ of our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sci

28、ences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological syst

29、ems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbor as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory,

30、and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.（分数：5.00）(1).The text is mainly, about _.（分数：1.00）A.the relation between physical sciences and social sciencesB.the reasons of reversing traditional classification of physical and social scienceC.social s

31、cience is more available than physical scienceD.classification of the physical sciences as “hard“ and the social sciences as “soft“(2).According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard“ and the social sciences as “soft“ because_.（分数：1.00）A.a reverse orde

32、ring will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB.our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC.our understanding of the social system is approximately correctD.we can investigate social phenomena better than physical phenomena(3).The author believes

33、that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because_.（分数：1.00）A.it is not based on personal experienceB.new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencesC.it is based on a fairly representative quantity of dataD.the records of social systems are more r

34、eliable(4).The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because（分数：1.00）A.contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB.new information is constantly coming in_.C.our knowledge of it is highly insecureD.only a very small sample of it has been observed(5).4

35、5 We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social system because_.（分数：1.00）A.theories of its origin and history are variedB.our knowledge of it is highly insecureC.only a very small sample of it has been observedD.few scientists are involved in the study of astronomyBPassage

36、 2/BThere is a great deal of controversy within the medical profession regarding the use and value of the coronary bypass procedure, and for more than eight years the American Heart Association has discussed the question at its regular scientific sessions.The bypass operation consists of open heart

37、surgery in which the physician takes a vein from the patients leg and implants it near the heart to construct a passage around the blockage in a clogged artery so that blood can flow freely by. The operation performed on about 100,000 persons a year in the US and costs approximately $10,000. The pro

38、cedure is designed to relieve tie pain of angina pectoris which occurs when the blood supplys obstructed and also to allow the patient more freedom of sustained activity.In persons with advanced heart disease and blockage in several arteries, the bypass operation is considered by most doctors to be

39、the preferable means of prolonging life. In the case of those with a less advanced disease, or where only one artery is involved, the advisability of the procedure is much more controversial. The operation doesnt cure the disease that caused the blocked arteryin the first place. According to some st

40、udies, somewhere around half of the patients have another blocked artery within five years, and in some cases even within one year.There is of course a mortality rate in any major operation which varies from physician to physician and hospital to hospital. The danger to the patient is greatly increa

41、sed if he is in generally poor condition, very advanced in age, or suffering from some serious or debilitating illness. It is essential that the operation be performed by a skilled surgeon knowledgeable about this particular technique and in a hospital with the best possible facilities for his use.（

42、分数：5.00）(1).What is the text revealing?（分数：1.00）A.How to make the coronary bypass operation.B.An objective introduction of the coronary bypass operation.C.The controversy within the medical profession on the coronary bypass procedure.D.A complete refusal of coronary bypass operation(2).A coronary by

43、pass is an operation_.（分数：1.00）A.to replace the blocked artery with a new oneB.to construct a passage around a blocked arteryC.to cut off the blocked arteryD.to take a vein from the patients leg(3).Many doctors believe that the bypass operation_.（分数：1.00）A.is a better way of prolonging ones lifeB.is

44、 the only solution to the blockage of one arteryC.should be used to prevent advanced diseasesD.has no effect at all on serious patients(4).What is the result of the bypass operation?（分数：1.00）A.The patient is relieved of pain.B.The patients artery condition is improved considerably.C.The patient has

45、a 50% chance of undergoing another operation within five years.D.The patient wont suffer from heart disease any more.(5).It is better that the bypass operation be performed_.（分数：1.00）A.by a skilled surgeonB.in a hospital with good facilitiesC.while the patient is not suffering from other serious ill

46、nessesD.when the patient is in very poor health conditionBPassage 3/BCulture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.To the pro

47、fessional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped forms ofspeech, consisting largely of grunts an

48、d groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward“ languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall be