大学英语四级真题2017年12月-(2)及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级真题 2017 年 12 月-(2)及答案解析(总分：709.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：10

2、6.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：48.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.Her friend Erika.B.Her grandfather.C.Her little brother.D.Her grandmother.A.By taking pictures for passers-by.B.By selling lemonade and pictures.C.By wo

3、rking part time at a hospital.D.By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B.Providing clean energy to five million people.C.Generating electric power for passing vehicles.D.Testing t

4、he efficiency of the new solar panel.A.They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B.They are only about half an inch thick.C.They can be laid right on top of existing highways.D.They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：20.49）

5、A.Endless fighting in the region.B.Inadequate funding for research.C.The hazards from the desert.D.The lack of clues about the species.A.To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B.To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.C.To identify the reasons for the lions“ disappearance.D.To

6、 find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions“.A.Lions walking.B.Some camping facilities.C.Lions“ tracks.D.Traps set by local hunters.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：60.00)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：30.00）A.Her “lucky birthday“.B.Her wedding anniversary.C.A ca

7、ll from her dad.D.A special gift from the man.A.Gave her a big model plane.B.Took her on a trip overseas.C.Bought her a gold necklace.D.Threw her a surprise party.A.The gift her husband has bought.B.What has been troubling her husband.C.The trip her husband has planned.D.What her husband and the man

8、 are up to.A.He will be glad to be a guide for the couple“s holiday trip.B.He will tell the woman the secret if her husband agrees.C.He is eager to learn how the couple“s holiday turns out.D.He wants to find out about the couple“s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you hav

9、e just heard. （分数：30.00）A.They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B.They know when to adopt a tough attitude.C.They see the importance of making compromises.D.They take the rival“s attitude into account.A.They know how to adapt.B.They know when to make compromises.C.They know when to sto

10、p.D.They know how to control their emotion.A.They are patient.B.They learn quickly.C.They are good at expression.D.They uphold their principles.A.Make clear one“s intentions.B.Formulate one“s strategy.C.Clarify items of negotiation.D.Get to know the other side.五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：140.00)Questions 1

11、6 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.When America“s earliest space program started.B.How many space shuttle missions there will be.C.When the International Space Station was built.D.How space research benefits people on Earth.A.They accurately calculated the speed of the

12、 orbiting shuttles.B.They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C.They tried to meet astronauts“ specific requirements.D.They tried to make best use of the latest technology.A.They are extremely accurate.B.They were first made in space.C.They are expensive to make.D.They were invent

13、ed in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.It was when her ancestors came to America.B.It marked the beginning of something new.C.People had plenty of land to cultivate then.D.Everything was natural and genuine then.A.They believed in working for goa

14、ls.B.They had all kinds of entertainment.C.They enjoyed living a life of ease.D.They were known to be creative.A.Chatting with her ancestors.B.Polishing all the silver work.C.Furnishing her country house.D.Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

15、（分数：56.00）A.Use a map to identify your location.B.Sit down and try to calm yourself.C.Call your family or friends for help.D.Try to follow your footprints back.A.You may find a way out without your knowing it.B.You may get drowned in a sudden flood.C.You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.D.Y

16、ou may end up entering a wonderland.A.Look for food.B.Start a fire.C.Wait patiently.D.Walk uphill.A.Inform somebody of your plan.B.Check the local weather.C.Prepare enough food and drink.D.Find a map and a compass.六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)We all know there exists

17、 a great void (空白) in the public educational system when it comes to 1 to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) courses. One educator named Doff Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real voi

18、d in quality STEM education at all 2 of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to 3 my own kids in.“ She decided to start an afterschool program where children 4 in STEM-based competitions. T

19、he club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state 5 , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and 6 it. The global business EFK was born. Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 7 recreation centers. Tod

20、ay, the EFK program 8 over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not 9 enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kid

21、s at a young age to understand that engineering is a great 10 .“ A. attracted B. career C. championships D. degrees E. developing F. enroll G. exposure H. feasible I. feeding J. graduating K. interest L. levels M. local N. operates O. participated（分数：35.50）八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Why aren“t you c

22、urious about what happened?A. “You suspended Ray Rice after our video,“ a reporter from TMZ challenged National Football League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. “Why didn“t you have the curiosity to go to the casino (赌场) yourself?.“ The implication of the question is that a more curious com

23、missioner would have found a way to get the tape. B. The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestion that there is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. “I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,“ said a Democratic

24、member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who chose not to ask hard questions about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal. “Isn“t the mainstream media the least bit cur

25、ious about what happened?“ wrote conservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring to the attack on Americans in Benghazi, Libya. C. The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack of curiosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to score poli

26、tical points for one“s party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself?. D. The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It , insists that the answer to that last question is “Yes“. Leslie argues

27、 that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it. E. We are suffering, he writes, from a “serendipity deficit.“ The word “serendipity“ was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who “were always making discoveries,

28、 by accident, of things they were not in search of.“ Leslie worries that the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has reduced our appetite for aimless adventures. No longer have we the inclination to let ourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be surpris

29、ed. Instead, we seek only the information we want. F. Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporations make disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humani

30、ty as a whole so successful as a species. G. Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Interact has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader“s borders. But

31、not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, makes us more curious. H. Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place

32、.“ Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most of us are unaware of how much we don“t know, he“s surely right to point out that the problem is growing: “Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions have definite answers.“ I. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie ex

33、presses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the “perfect search engine“ will “understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what I want.“ Elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes: “Google aims to save you from the thirs

34、t of curiosity altogether.“ J. Somewhat nostalgically (怀旧地), he quotes John Maynard Keynes“s justly famous words of praise to the bookstore: “One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, and allow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walk the rounds of the bookshops, dipping

35、in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoon“s entertainment.“ If only! K. Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is th

36、e third key factorand a difficult one to preserve. If not cultivated, it will not survive: “Childhood curiosity is a collaboration between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is to leave it alone.“ L. School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious. Child

37、ren of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class and lower class families. That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later

38、on. M. Although Leslie“s book isn“t about politics, he doesn“t entirely shy away from the problem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious. They should ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know. N. He presents

39、 as an example the failure of the George W. Bush administration to prepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq. According to Leslie, those who ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2002 remark that we have to be wary of the “unknown unknowns“ were mistaken. Ru

40、msfeld“s idea, Leslie writes, “wasn“t absurdit was smart.“ He adds, “The tragedy is that he didn“t follow his own advice.“ O. All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each critic in those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority is intenti

41、onally being incurious. I leave it to the reader“s political preference to decide which, if any, charges should stick. But let“s be careful about demanding curiosity about the other side“s weaknesses and remaining determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for i

42、ts own sakeeven when what we find out is something we didn“t particularly want to know.（分数：71.00）(1).To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don“t know.（分数：7.10）(2).According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one“s success.（分数：7.10）(3).We should feel happy whe

43、n we pursue knowledge for knowledge“s sake.（分数：7.10）(4).Political leaders“ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.（分数：7.10）(5).There are often accusations about politicians“ and the media“s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.（分数：7.10）(6).The less curious a child is, the less knowledg

44、e the child may turn out to have.（分数：7.10）(7).It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.（分数：7.10）(8).Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.（分数：7.10）(9).Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for

45、 literary fiction contribute to people“s declining curiosity.（分数：7.10）(10).Mankind wouldn“t be so innovative without curiosity.（分数：7.10）九、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to cal

46、l such a thing a “disease.“ On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something trea

47、table, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency. Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments. “It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry

48、 so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,“ he said. “Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can“t control,“ he said. “In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The med

49、ical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.“ But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable.“ “It was always known that the body accumulates damage,“ he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.“ Leonard H