大学英语四级分类模拟题489及答案解析.doc
《大学英语四级分类模拟题489及答案解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学英语四级分类模拟题489及答案解析.doc(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 489 及答案解析(总分:126.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数:1,分数:20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “All shall pass with time going by.“ You can cite examples to illustrate the meaning of letting go of past glory and suffering i
2、n life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. (分数:20.00)_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Passage One(总题数:1,分数:71.00)Coca-Cola has always been more focused on its economic bottom line than on global warming, but when the company lost a profitable operating license in In
3、dia because of a serious water shortage there in 2004, things began to change. Today, after a decade of increasing damage to Coke“s balance sheet as global droughts dried up the water needed to produce its soda, the company has embraced the idea of climate change as an economically disruptive force.
4、 “Increased droughts, more unpredictable variability, 100-year floods every two years,“ said Jeffrey Seabright, Coke“s vice president for environment and water resources, listing the problems that he said were also disrupting the company“s supply of sugar cane and sugar beets (甜美). “When we look at
5、our most essential ingredients, we see those events as threats.“ Coke reflects a growing view among American business leaders and mainstream economists who see global warming as a force that contributes to lower GDP“s, higher food and commodity costs, broken supply chains and increased financial ris
6、k. Their position is at striking odds with the longstanding argument, advanced by the coal industry and others, that policies to curb carbon emissions are more economically harmful than the impacts of climate change. In Washington, the World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has put climate change at th
7、e center of the bank“s mission, citing global warming as chief contributor to rising global poverty rates and falling GDP“s in developing nations. In Europe, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Paris- based club of 34 industrialized nations, has begun to warn of the steep
8、costs of increased carbon pollution. Nike, which has more than 700 factories in 49 countries, many in Southeast Asia, is also speaking out because of extreme weather that is disrupting its supply chain. In 2008, floods temporarily shut down four Nike factories in Thailand, and the company remains co
9、ncerned about rising droughts in regions that produce cotton, which the company uses in its athletic clothes. Both Nike and Coke are responding internally: Coke uses water-conservation technologies and Nike is using more synthetic material that is less dependent on weather conditions. At Davos and i
10、n global capitals, the companies are also lobbying governments to enact environmentally friendly policies.(分数:71.00)(1).Why did Coca-Cola lose the operating license in India in 2004?(分数:14.20)A.Its operating license was overdue.B.It only focused on its economic bottom line.C.India was lack of water
11、resources.D.It decided to fight against climate change.(2).What can be regarded as a threat according to Jeffrey Seabright?(分数:14.20)A.The loss of profitable operating licenses.B.Natural disaster harmful to supply of ingredients.C.Mainstream view towards global warming.D.Inadequate supply of sugar c
12、ane.(3).How does the coal industry feel about the policies to curb carbon emissions?(分数:14.20)A.They are helpful in helping the industry.B.They are effective in protecting the environment.C.They contribute to low productivity in the industry.D.They have a negative impact on economy.(4).What does Jim
13、 Yong Kim say about the climate change?(分数:14.20)A.It makes contribution to rising GDPs in developing countries.B.It is a dominate reason for the climbing global poverty rates.C.The World Bank has sent trade mission to deal with it.D.The cost of controlling it has been increased.(5).What actions doe
14、s Nike take to tackle the problem?(分数:14.20)A.Using more man-made materials.B.Reducing carbon emissions.C.Enacting environmentally friendly policies.D.Applying water-conservation technologies.五、Passage Two(总题数:1,分数:15.00)What are feelings for? Most non-scientists will find it a strange question. Fee
15、lings .justify themselves. They need serve no other purpose in order to exist. On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists, in contrast to animal behaviorists, acknowledge some emotions are primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger
16、, love is necessary to care for young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that; that is why it is done. Other scientists have attributed the same behavior to conditioning, to learned responses. Certain reflexes and fixed acti
17、on patterns can occur without feelings or conscious thought. A gull chick pecks at a red spot above it. The parent has a red spot on its bill (喙); the chick pecks the parent“s bill. The gull parent feeds its chick when pecked on the bill. The baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional con
18、tent. At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammalsincluding humansthat have given birth, milk is often released automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under voluntary control; it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is
19、 exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feelings about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. Yet since reflexes exist, and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior using only these conc
20、epts. It is simpler. Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit scientific methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for animal behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy (_正统观念) holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot
21、exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. They are just more difficult for the scientific method to verify in the usual ways, cleverer and more sophisticated approaches are called for. Most branches of scien
22、ce are more willing to make successive approximations (近似值) to what may prove ultimately unknowable, rather than ignoring it altogether.(分数:15.00)(1).What do many evolutionary biologists believe?(分数:3.00)A.Some emotions do not exist.B.Emotions are helpful for people“s survival.C.Emotions give meanin
23、g and depth to life.D.Only humans have emotions.(2).What can we learn from the example of a gull chick pecking the parent“s bill?(分数:3.00)A.Behaviors can be learned and have no emotional content.B.It is the innate characteristic for adults to look after the young.C.It takes time for animals to be co
24、nditioned.D.Emotions are very important to survival.(3).Why does the author think most scientists explain animal behavior in terms of reflexes and conditioning?(分数:3.00)A.They are the most essential factors for animals to surviveB.They are important for animals to develop learned and emotional behav
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学 英语四 分类 模拟 489 答案 解析 DOC
