大学英语四级-303及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级-303 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：30.00)There are 24 hours in your day, just the same as everyone else“s do. So how do you end up 1 , frustrated, and behind in your work? Maybe it is because you don“t know how to use those 24 hours to you

2、r 2 . If 3 your time wisely is a problem for you, you probably don“t have a very good idea of where it all goes. It just seems to go. A good place to start, then, is to 4 keep 5 of how you use your 6 hours for a week. The results will probably surprise you. The next step is to do some planning. You“

3、ll discover, among other things, that if you get seven hours“ sleep a night, you have 119 hours per week to do everything you need to do. That, of course, includes going to class, eating, social activities, 7 hygiene, telephone and TV time, etc. Be sure to 8 time for all these in your 119 hours. The

4、n try 9 to your schedule for a week. This should give you a good idea of what your really 10 are. Learn to say NO once your priorities are set. Turning down an invitation doesn“t mean you“ll never be invited again. Making a decision based on what you know is best for you at the time. A. time-limited

5、 B. advantage C. using D. time-starved E. track F. honestly G. trace H. personal I. schedule J. awakened K. waking L. sticking M. priorities N. faithfully O. scheme（分数：30.00）三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：35.00)SugarFriend vs EnemyA Sugar is everywhere. It“s in our drinks, it“s in our foods, and it“s hidden i

6、n places we never would think of. Many would call sugar their friend in time of need, but in fact their so-called “good friend“ could turn out to be their worst enemy in disguise. Sugar for many is something they may have been battling with for a long time. Here“s a simple three-step process to help

7、 you start to win back the battle for your health. B The first step is to be aware of what sugar really does to your body. Most people will say they “know“ that they shouldn“t have sugar, but they really can“t help it. To me that is a lack of true awareness of what sugar does to oneself. I don“t thi

8、nk many people will say that they want to hurt their body on purpose, but unless they know it“s really happening they will continue down that road. Sugar is slower to impact our health, and it“s that slow destructive process that is the most dangerous. Unfortunately, most people don“t know the damag

9、e until it has already been done. C Sugar increases fat storing. Possibly the most important hormone in the body is insulin (胰岛素), when it comes to weight loss and health. Insulin is the main hormone that we have full control over daily through our diet and lifestyle. When we eat sugar and it enters

10、 into our bloodstream too quickly, we have a spike in blood sugar levels. Now in times of high activities we are able to burn it off, but if we are sitting around, this is not a good thing. So in response to that high level of blood sugar, the body will release more insulin into the bloodstream. Ins

11、ulin will then take the excess glucose (葡萄糖) and try to find a place to store it. If your muscles are all full or have insulin resistance, then the best place to put the excess glucose is fat cells. When insulin is high, the fat cells are told to shut down any process of releasing stored fat into th

12、e blood for burning. With chronic high insulin spikes comes a resistance to it by your cells, leading to more insulin production, leading to more fat storing, and more resistance, eventually going down a road of diabetes and ill health for the whole body. D Sugar also disrupts normal brain function.

13、 I think most people can relate to mood swings and energy highs/lows that come after a high sugar meal. Sugar can also be the source of many people“s increased anxiety and depression. Let“s not also forget the kids with ever-increasing attention “disorders“ and behavioral issues. Sugar is not helpin

14、g with that, either. In fact, there have been many studies that show when taking sugar out of a kid“s diet and increasing fat intake, their attention ability increases, their behaviors change for the better. E Sugar decreases your overall health and makes you age quicker. Too much sugar will lower y

15、our overall immune system, increase destructive inflammation, lead to essential mineral deficiencies in the body and feed bad bacteria growth in your gut and other wonderful stuff. Aging is just a fancy word for the body breaking down quicker than it can repair itself, as that is what happens when w

16、e get older. Aging also is accelerated by the increasing risks of all degenerative diseases such as diabetes, osteoporosis, heart diseases and cancers. We are all going to get older, but it doesn“t mean that we have to “age“ quicker. F The second step is to realize you are in 100% control of your ac

17、tions. This could be the most underrated yet the most important step, as we are the only person who controls what we put into our body. Everything starts in what we choose to put in our mouths. Some people may say they can“t control their sugar cravings, but that is already admitting defeat and givi

18、ng up power to some “cosmic sugar influence“ out there. We can pass on dessert, we don“t need to buy a candy bar, we can drink water instead of soda, but the choice is ours to make. G Also many like to call it an “addiction“. This is just another way to give up your own personal power of choice. Whi

19、le sugar can have “addictive like“ qualities, it“s not something that you own or is a part of you. Fight the battle and you will get over the addictive feelings, they will go away. But if you call it an “addiction“ and make it part of you, then it is yours to keep forever. Be free from it, let go. T

20、ake back control and anything is possible. H The third step is to just live the daily journey one choice at a time. Life is just a series of present moments and the choices we make in those moments. So let“s just focus on what we can do right now instead of worrying about what has happened in the pa

21、st or may or may not happen in the future. “Now“ is all we have and all we need to focus on. I Choose to eat more natural foods. Choose whole food proteins, healthy fats and natural sources of carbohydrates. If it wasn“t around a thousand years ago or is made by man (and not nature), chances are tha

22、t you don“t need it. Note how it says “choose“ above, as it is your choice. J Find the hidden sources of sugars and remove them. Sugar is hidden in places such as sauces, ketchups, soups, processed foods, drinks, so called health bars, and more. Become a label reader and see how much sugar you are c

23、onsistently putting into your body. Don“t fall for the marketing trick either of “low fat“, because that usually means “more sugar“.（分数：35.00）(1).We are able to lower blood sugar levels by taking part in intense activities.（分数：3.50）(2).If you consider sugar as an “addiction“ and call it something th

24、at you own, you won“t get rid of it forever.（分数：3.50）(3).In the author“s opinion, the reason why many people can“t help having sugar is that they are unaware of its danger.（分数：3.50）(4).The choices that we make in the present moments determine our daily journey.（分数：3.50）(5).The author believes that s

25、ugar which we called “good friend“ in time of need in fact is a hidden enemy.（分数：3.50）(6).Getting rid of the hidden sources of sugars requires customers to be label readers.（分数：3.50）(7).The truth that we get older is that our body breaks down faster than it can be self-repaired.（分数：3.50）(8).You yiel

26、d to your addictive feelings, which means you give up your own personal power of choice.（分数：3.50）(9).The author believes that taking high sugar meals may result in mood fluctuation.（分数：3.50）(10).To be healthy, what we should do now is to eat natural foods which include healthy fats and natural sourc

27、es of carbohydrates.（分数：3.50）四、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：17.50)The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmfulso much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a series of silent events, as

28、 that data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If it“s loaded with s

29、pam, it“s undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mail to the wrong website. Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names you“ve probably never heard oflike Acxiom or Merlinbuy and sell you

30、r personal information the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if you“ve ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from variou

31、s sourcesincluding pizza delivery companies. These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with. In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of “Big Brother“the government is watching you or a big corporatio

32、n is watching you. But privacy issues don“t necessarily involve large faceless institutions: A spouse takes a casual glance at her husband“s Blackberry, a co-worker looks at e-mail over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. While very little of

33、 this is news to anyonepeople are now well aware there are video cameras and Internet cookies everywherethere is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy. People write e-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to

34、 see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose e-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Department“s antitrust case against Microsoft.（分数：17.50）(1).Why does the author cite the telephone number in the first paragraph?（分数：3.50）A.It is cited to show many customers didn“t keep their privacy confi

35、dential.B.It is cited to show it is harmful to give a store clerk a telephone number.C.It is cited to show careless disposal of personal information can be harmful.D.It is cited to show customers should inquire its use when giving telephone numbers to others.(2).What do companies like Acxiom and Mer

36、lin do?（分数：3.50）A.Compile telephone directories for businessmen.B.Collect and sell personal information to make a profit.C.Trade commodities like corn on the market.D.Crack down crimes like stealing private information.(3).Which of the following is true according to the third paragraph?（分数：3.50）A.Ca

37、ses of privacy intrusion happen only in large institutions.B.People are quite aware of how their privacy is intruded.C.It is not privacy intrusion when a wife glances at her husband“s cell phone.D.Bill Gates“ email messages were cited as evidence against him.(4).What does the author think about “Big

38、 Brother“?（分数：3.50）A.It is the only institution which is involved in monitoring.B.In a large sense, the government is blamed for the Big Brother“s monitoring.C.It is watching people based on national security.D.It is one of the sources of monitoring.(5).Which of the following is the author“s viewpoi

39、nt?（分数：3.50）A.Never give your private information to anyone.B.People should pay more attention to their privacy issues.C.Do not surrender your email to any website.D.People should watch out these large faceless institutions.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Use of the illegal drug named Ecstasy (MDMA) (一

40、种迷幻，俗称摇头丸) has increased alarmingly in Britain over the last few years, and in 1992 the British Medical Jourual claimed that at least seven deaths and many severe adverse reactions have followed its use as a dance drug. 14 deaths have so far been attributed to the drug in Britain although it is poss

41、ible that other drugs contributed to some of those deaths. While it is true that all drugs by their very nature change the way in which the body reacts to its environment and are therefore potentially dangerous, it is still unclear whether casual use of Ecstasy is as dangerous as authorities believe

42、. What is certain is that the drug causes distinct changes to the body which, unless understood, may lead to fatal complications (并发症) in certain circumstances. In almost all cases of MDMA related deaths in Britain, overheating of the body and inadequate replacement of fluids have been noted as the

43、primary causes of death. Yet in the US, studies appear to implicate other causes. It seems that normal healthy people are unlikely to die as a result of taking MDMA, but people with pre-existing conditions such as a weak heart or asthma (哮喘病) may react in extreme ways and are well advised not to tak

44、e it. Not all physical problems associated with the drug are immediate. Medium-term and long-term effects have been reported which are quite disturbing, yet not all are conclusively linked to the drug“s use. Medium-term effects include the possibility of contracting the liver disease hepatitis (肝炎),

45、 or risking damage to the kidneys (肾). However, animal studies show no such damage, although it is readily admitted by researchers that animal studies are far from conclusive since humans react in different ways than rats and monkeys to the drug. Perhaps the most damning (确凿的) evidence urging agains

46、t the use of Ecstasy is that it is undoubtedly an addictive (成瘾的) substance, but one that quickly loses its ability to transport the mind, while it increases its effect upon the body. Yet, unlike the classic addictive drugs, Ecstasy does not produce physical withdrawal symptoms. In fact, because one

47、 becomes quickly tolerant of its effect on the mind, it is necessary to give up its use for a while in order to experience again its full effect. Any substance which produces such a strong effect on the user should be treated with appropriate respect and caution.（分数：17.50）(1).What do authorities bel

48、ieve according to the passage?（分数：3.50）A.They believe that even casual use of MDMA will be dangerous for the health.B.They believe that casual use of MDMA won“t cause death.C.They believe that casual use of MDMA won“t cause distinct changes to the body.D.They believe that the effects of casual use o

49、f MDMA remain unknown.(2).Which of the following might be one cause of MDMA related death in Britain according to the passage?（分数：3.50）A.Being addicted to other drugs.B.Too much fluids in the body.C.Overheating of the body.D.Using MDMA as a dance drug.(3).What is implied about the conclusion drawn from MDMA studies on animals in the passage?（分数：3.50）A.It shows damage to the kidneys.B.It cannot provide absolute proof of the effects of the drug on humans.C.It has been overlooked.D.It suggests the use of Ecstasy increases the risk of contracting the liver disease hepat