大学英语四级96及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级 96 及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Is It Good to Take a Part-time Job? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1) 有人认为有一份兼职工作对大学生来说很有好处。 2) 也有人认为大学

2、生不应该出去兼职。 3) 你的观点是 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Learning a language When Do We Learn a Language? Children begin learning languages at birth (infants pay attention to their parents voices, as opposed to random noises or even other languages), and havent really mastered it subtleti

3、es before the age of ten years. Indeed. we never really stop learning our language. This isnt exactly the sort of behavior (like foals walking an hour after birth) that we call instinct in animals. Do We learn When We Dont Have to? But at least its effortless, isnt it? Well, no, as we can see when c

4、hildren have a choice of languages to learn. Whats found is that, to be frank, children dont learn a language if they can get away with not learning it. Many an immigrant family in the U.S. intends to teach their child their native language; and for the first few years it goes swimmingly so much so

5、that the parents worry that the child wont learn English. Then the child goes to school, picks up English, and within a few years the worry is reversed: the child still understands his parents, but responds in English. Eventually the parents may give up, and the home language becomes English. People

6、s Influence A child is likely to end up as a fluent speaker of a language only if there are significant people in her life who speak it: a nanny who only speaks Spanish, a relative who doesnt speak English, etc. Once a child discovers that his parents understand English perfectly well, hes likely to

7、 give up on the home language, even in the face of strong disapproval from the parents. Its a myth that children learn to speak mainly from their parents. They dont: they learn mostly from their peers. This is most easily seen among children of immigrants, whether they come from differing language b

8、ackgrounds or merely different dialect areas: the children invariably come to speak the dialect of their neighborhood and school, not that of their parents. (I found a neat example of this in my colleges alumni magazine: A liberal family in Mississippi sent their daughter to the public schools, whic

9、h except for her were all black. She grew up speaking fluent African-American Vernacular English. ) Do We Need Grammar? Supporters of the language instinct make much of the fact that children learn to speak without formal instruction - indeed, they notoriously ignore explicit corrections. Very littl

10、e of what we learn is through formal instruction. Children arent schooled in video games, either, yet they pick them up with the same seeming ease. The apparent effortlessness is largely an illusion caused by psychological distance. We just dont remember how hard it was to learn language. (In fact,

11、theres some studies suggesting that memory is tied to language, so that we cant remember the language learning process. ) The perception of effortlessness should be balanced, anyway, by the universal amusement (which some cartoonists have been mining for nearly half a century) over childrens languag

12、e mistakes. Do Children Learn Faster? One may fall back on the position that languages may be hard for children to learn, but at least they do it better than adults. This, however, turns out to be surprisingly difficult to prove. Singleton examined hundreds of studies, and found them resoundingly am

13、biguous. Quite a few studies, in fact, find that adult learners progress faster than children. Even in phonetics, sometimes tile last stronghold of the kids-learn-free position, there are studies finding that adults are better at recognizing and producing foreign sounds. Now, I think Singleton misse

14、s a key point in understanding this discrepancy: the studies he reviews compare children vs. adults who are learning languages. Thats quite reasonable, and indeed its hard to imagine an alternative approach, but the two groups are not really comparable! All children have to learn at least one langua

15、ge; but few adults do. So the studies compare the situation of all children with that of the minority of adults motivated to formally learn other languages. Why? Why do children learn languages well, when even adults who want to learn them have trouble with them? Innate abilities aside, children hav

16、e a number of powerful advantages: They can devote almost their full time to it. Adults consider half an hours study a day to be onerous. Their motivation is intense. Adults rarely have to spend much of their time in the company of people they need to talk to but cant children can get very little of

17、 what they want without learning language(s). Their peers are nastier. Embarrassment is a prime motivating factor for human beings (I owe this insight to Marvin Minskys The Society of Mind, but it was most memorably expressed by David Berlinski (in Black Mischief, p. 129), who noted that of all emot

18、ions, from rage to depression to first love, only embarrassment can recur, decades later, with its full original intensity). Dealing with a French waiter is nothing compared with the vicious reception in store for a child who speaks funny. If adults could be placed in a similar situation, they might

19、 well learn languages as readily as children. The closest such situation is cross-cultural marriage. And indeed, this works quite well. My wife, for instance, a native Spanish speaker who came here in her late 20s, has learned exceptional English, since we speak it at home. By contrast, some of her

20、Spanish-speaking friends of the same age, married to other Spanish speakers, speak English haltingly and with a strong accent. （分数：71.00）(1).The passage gives a general explanation about the benefits of a cross cultural marriage. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).According to the author, children dont learn an

21、other language if they dont have to. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Unless children have other people in their lives who speak another language, they wont become fluent speakers in that language. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Children dont learn to speak another language from their parents because at times, childr

22、en dont get along with their parents. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Nearly everything we learn is through formal instruction. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Few studies find that adult language learners progress faster than children. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Some studies say that adults are better at learning phonet

23、ics than children. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Singletons studies compare the situation of all children with that of the _ of adults motivated to formally learn other languages. （分数：7.10）_(9).Three advantages that children have over adults in language learning include: _ , and _. （分数：7.10）_(10).The close

24、st situation to that of a childrens environment for adults is _. （分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.$5.B.$6.C.$4.8.D.$5.4.A.A cellular phone.B.A normal telephone.C.A phone card.D.A fax machine.A.London and Washington.B.New York and Liverpool.C.London and New York.D.None of the above.A

25、.His friend.B.Himself.C.The woman.D.His friend and himself.A.Five showings.B.Six showings.C.Three showings.D.Four showings.A.In a gym.B.In a theatre.C.In a department storeD.In a dorm.A.A postcard.B.Letters and a postcard.C.A parcel.D.Letters and a parcel.A.They should raise taxes.B.Theyre not going

26、 to raise taxes.C.Theyre going to raise taxes.D.None of the above.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.The use of photographs in painting.B.The TV program about Norman Rockwell.C.The Saturday Evening Post magazine.D.Exhibits of art on magazine covers.A.He imagined them.B.He used magazine covers.C.He hired m

27、odels.D.He read stories.A.He was a prolific painter.B.He was an eccentric person.C.He was an avid reader.D.He was a good teacher.A.They are planning a picnic for the department.B.They are having a picnic organized by the department.C.They are discussing how to escape from the sun.D.They are drinking

28、 and talking about the weather.A.Michelle likes having a picnic on a sunny day.B.Alan is expecting a gentle breeze to cool himself off.C.They havent had much sunshine recently.D.Much to their surprise, bad weather is setting in.A.He thinks the department had misjudged the weather situation for the d

29、ay.B.He dismisses the idea of having an annual picnic as silly.C.He dislikes pre-arranged activities and would rather go somewhere on his own.D.He prefers having a little doze after drinking.A.Nine out of ten.B.One third.C.Eleven out of thirty.D.One fourth.A.The cat can reach their terminal speed.B.

30、The cat does not change its final speed.C.His legs spread out and muscles absorb more force of impact.D.He will slow down and reduce the damage.A.Cats can change their position while falling.B.The force of impact with the ground over four legs is spread.C.Cats can land on their feet after falling.D.

31、Their muscles can absorb more of the force of impact.A.Nine out of ten cats have a better chance of survival.B.What is the significance of the seventh floor?C.Whats the cats terminal speed?D.Most cats can survive when falling.A.Once.B.Twice.C.Three times.D.Four times.A.The heaviest kite.B.The kite w

32、ith the most unusual shape.C.The kite that flies the highest.D.The funniest kite.A.Only engineering students.B.Only the children.C.Any Central State University student.D.Anyone who wants to enter.A.Saturday at the commons.B.Saturday on top of the Engineering Tower.C.Sunday at the commons.D.Sunday at

33、 the stadium.A.Because it was their hometown.B.Because they wanted to help the AIDS patients.C.Because they were doing their summer social topics.D.They were learning medicine and doing research on HIV.A.To warn the girls against him.B.To show his dislike of the patient.C.To tell them the fact.D.To

34、gossip about the patient.A.They went to hospital to check HIV.B.They taught their friends knowledge about AIDS.C.Their friends were afraid to get close to them.D.They were infected.A.Ding will certainly go back to her hometown.B.Ding will stay at university.C.The 8-year-old child will be worse.D.The

35、 8-year-old child will have a happy time.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Many people throughout the world are worried about their computers. They fear the machines have been (36) 1by a virus. A virus is a program that could destroy all the information the computers contain. It can remain (37) 2in a compu

36、ter for a long time and then without warning it can destroy. It is (38) 3to a virus in the body that does not immediately cause disease. Nobody knows who created the (39) 4computer program, but it is known that the virus (40) 5from computer to computer through the (41) 6of programs that secretly car

37、ry it. If the virus becomes active, it could do a lot of damage. For example, it could cause companies or hospitals to lose all of their important (42) 7. Some experts have tested the virus and they say it will become active only if the computer is turned on when the computers clock (43) 8March 6th.

38、 (44) 9. Computer companies are also selling special programs that can find viruses and deactivate them. (45) 10. Then no information will be lost if the computer is by a virus. People found guilty of spreading viruses may be forced to pay large amounts of money and they could be sent to prison. (46

39、) 11 （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Egyptian society had a strictly organized class structure. The majority of people consisted of farmers and craftsmen who were led by the land-owning elite (精英) of offici

40、als and priests. Everyone belonged to a group and worked in a team, usually in huge workshops, or “Storehouses“, which were controlled by the king and the temples. The organization of society was based on the master-servant principle: just as the king was the servant of the gods and was himself the

41、master of his people, so was every Egyptian the master of one and the servant of another. At the top of this social ladder were the high officials, the intellectuals or “Scribes“, and on the lowest rungs were those who did the simple but heavy work, such as kitchen staff and farm laborers. The heavi

42、est work was done by prisoners-of-war and criminals. A working week lasted nine days and was followed by one day of rest There was no work for almost half of the year, since nobody worked on festival days to honor the gods (and there were a lot of those in Egypt), or other special occasions. Barter,

43、 rather than circulated money, was the means of payment. A basket cost so much grain, a stone coffin so many cows or other goods. Taxes were paid in products and grain, but also in work, such as compulsory work for the king. Economic depressions, often caused by famine, could result in social unrest

44、 and even strikes. Marriage was held in high regard. Usually couples could enter marriage quite freely, although members of the court and the elite also had arranged marriages. A marriage was a social contract between a man and a woman, and did not involve priests. Legal agreements were made about p

45、ossessions and inheritances. Because the property rights of a woman were very well organized, divorce was unusual. It was simply too expensive to divorce! The aim of marriage was to create a community and to protect the continued existence of the family. Most Egyptians lived in villages situated nea

46、r the places where they workedthe huge domains of the palaces and temples, with their store houses, workshops and agricultural areas. There were only a few residential centers that we would call cities. Best known were the capitals Memphis, Thebes and Piramesse, where the government buildings and mo

47、st important temples were situated. The capital of a province was actually a large settlement around the temple of the local god. Such provincial centers were surrounded by heavily populated villages. （分数：177.50）(1).How was the Egyptian society organized?（分数：35.50）A.It was organized according to strict social class differentiation.B.It was organized by constitution.C.It was organized according to the will of the public.D.It was organized according to the Gods will.(2).What might “barter“ mean in the second paragraph?（分数：35.50）A.T