大学英语四级67及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级 67及答案解析(总分：746.55，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Teacher. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1张老师是我最敬爱的老师。 2张老师知识渊博，治学严谨。 3我要以张老师为榜样，努力学习。 （分数：30.00）_二、Rea

2、ding Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Problem of Scarce Resources The problem of how health-care resources should be distributed, so that they are distributed in both the most just and most efficient way, is not a new one. Every health system in an economically developed society is faced with the nee

3、d to decide (either formally or informally) what proportion of the communitys total resources should be spent on health-care; how resources are to be apportioned(分配); what diseases and disabilities and which forms of treatment are to be given priority; which members of the community are to be given

4、special consideration in respect of their health needs; and which forms of treatment are the most cost-effective. What is new is that, from the 1950s onwards, there have been certain general changes in outlook about the limit of resources as a whole and of health-care resources in particular, as wel

5、l as more specific changes regarding the clientele(委托人) of health-care resources and the cost to the community of those resources. Thus, in the 1950s and 1960s, there emerged an awareness in Western societies that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible and that

6、 the capacity of nature or the environment to sustain economic development and population was also finite (有限的). In other words, we became aware of the obvious fact that there were “limits to growth“. The new consciousness that there were also severe limits to health-care resources was part of this

7、general revelation(揭露) of the obvious. Looking back, it now seems quite incredible that in the national health systems that emerged in many countries in the years immediately after the 1939-1945 World War, it was assumed without question that all the basic health needs of any community could be sati

8、sfied, at least in principle; the “invisible hand“ of economic progress would provide. However, at exactly the same time as this new realization of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies: that people have a ba

9、sic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life. Like education, political and legal processes and institutions, public order, communication, transport and money supply, health-care came to be seen as one of the fundamental social facilities necessary for people to exercise

10、their other rights as independent human beings. People are not in a position to exercise personal liberty and to be self-determining if they are poverty-stricken, or deprived of basic education, or do not live within a context of law and order. In the same way, basic healthcare is a condition of the

11、 exercise of autonomy (自治). Although the language of “rights“ sometimes leads to confusion, by the late 1970s it was recognized in most societies that people have a right to health-care (though there has been considerable resistance in the United States to the idea that there is a formal right to he

12、alth-care). It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate health-care resources are provided out of the public purse. The state has no obligation to provide a health-care system itself, but to ensure that such a system is provided. Put anot

13、her way, basic health-care is now recognized as a “public good“, rather than a “private good“ that one is expected to guy for oneself. As the 1976 declaration of the World Health Organization put it: “The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of ever

14、y human being without distinction(区别) of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.“ As has just been remarked, in a liberal society basic health is seen as one of the indispensable condition for the exercise of personal autonomy. Just at the time when it became obvious that hea

15、lth-care resources could not possibly meet the demands being made upon them, people were demanding that their fundamental right to health-care be satisfied by the state. The second set of more specific changes that have led to the present concern about the distribution of health-care resources stems

16、 from the dramatic rise in health costs in most OECD countries, accompanied by large-scale demographic and social changes which have meant, to take one example, that elderly people are now major (and relatively very expensive) consumers of health-care resources. Thus in OECD countries as a whole, he

17、alth costs increased form 3.8% of GDP in 1960 to 7% of GDP in 1980, and it has been predicted that the proportion of health costs to GDP will continue to increase. (In the US the current figure is about 12% of GDP, and in Australia about 7.8% of GDP.) As a consequence, during the 1980s a kind of doo

18、msday scenario(假想) (analogous to similar doomsday extrapolations (推断的) about energy needs and fossil fuels or about population increases) was projected by health administrators, economists and politicians. In this scenario, ever-rising health costs were matched against static or declining resources.

19、 （分数：71.00）(1).The article is generally about the situation of health-care resources.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In 1950s and 1960s, Eastern societies noticed that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Personal liberty and independence have n

20、ever been regarded as directly linked to health-care.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Health-care came to be seen as a right at about the same time that the limits of healthcare resources became evident.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).In OECD countries population changes have had an impact on health-care costs in rece

21、nt years.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).OECD governments have consistently underestimated the level of health-care provision needed.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).In most economically developed countries the elderly will have to make special provision for their health-care in the future.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Someo

22、ne has predicted that the proportion of health costs to GDP will_.（分数：7.10）_(9).During_, a kind of doomsday scenario was projected.（分数：7.10）_(10).In the scenario ever-rising health costs were matched against_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She takes it as a kind of exercise.B.She

23、wants to save money.C.She loves doing anything that is new.D.Her office isnt very far.A.It is difficult to identify.B.It has been misplaced.C.It is missing.D.It has been borrowed by someone.A.To tie her shoes.B.Through the gate.C.To the lake.D.Under the hedge.A.Shes taking a test.B.Shes applying for

24、 a job.C.Shes having a chat with an old friend.D.Shes attending an important meeting.A.She had seen the show some time ago.B.She was deeply impressed by the performances.C.She left the show before it was over.D.She didnt think there were any more tickets available.A.No one can find the managers apar

25、tment.B.His family lives in the apartment building.C.He has no idea where to find the manager.D.He only helps people rent apartments here.A.All right.B.Disappointing.C.Better than expected.D.No good at all.A.He knew someone who looked like Steve.B.Steve looks good in anything.C.He wishes he had a ja

26、cket like Steves.D.Steve should get a new jacket.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.She is a teacher.B.She is a student.C.She is a librarian.D.She is a shop assistant.A.Why he cant find his syllabus.B.Why he should read “Sociology and the Modern Age“.C.Why he should go to the library for the book.D.Why he

27、 cant find the expected book.A.Kept in a special room for students to refer to.B.Kept so that all concerned can use.C.Kept in a room for very important people.D.Kept so as not to be damaged by people.A.He / She can have it for a few hours.B.He / She can have it for six hours.C.He / She can have it f

28、or a single day.D.He / She can have it for two days.A.The Students Union.B.The university administration.C.The faculty.D.The senior students.A.He is a member of the Students Union.B.He is the sponsor of the party.C.He is a new student in the university.D.He is a successful graduate of the university

29、.A.To provide students with a chance to get to know each other.B.To invite successful students through university to pass on some valuable advice.C.To help new students successfully graduate by sharing other students experience.D.All of the above.A.The man.B.The woman.C.Both the man and the woman.D.

30、Neither the man, nor the woman.A.A visit to a prison.B.The influence of his father.C.A talk with some miserable slaves.D.His experience in the war between France and Austria.A.He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B.He provided soldiers with medical supplies.C.He recruited volunteers to care for the

31、 wounded.D.He helped the prisoners of war to flee.A.All men are created equal.B.The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C.A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.D.A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of his race, religion or political belief

32、s. 10.A.To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B.To show Switzerland was neutral.C.To pay tribute to Switzerland.D.To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.A.To determine whether the Earths temperature is going up.B.To study the behavior of some sea animals.C.To measure

33、 the depths of the ocean.D.To measure the movement of waves in the ocean.A.They were frightened and distressed.B.They swam away when me speaker was turned on.C.They swam closer to “examine“ me speaker when it was turned off.D.They didnt seem to be frightened and kept swimming near the speaker.A.To a

34、ttract more sea animals to the testing site.B.To drive dangerous sea animals away from the testing site.C.To help trace the sea animals being tested.D.To determine how sea animals communicate with each other.A.A film.B.A radio programme.C.A book.D.A TV programme.A.Four.B.Forty.C.Eight.D.A number of.

35、A.A U. S. serviceman.B.A producer.C.A correspondent.D.A Kuwait worker.A.A Just War.B.After the War Was Over.C.A War, Doubted but Rewarding.D.A War, Worthless and Meaningless.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It was on August 14, 1945, that Japan communicated to the Allied powers that it would surrender. Th

36、e official announcement from Tokyo came the (36) 1day. It was the day-after Tokyo sent its surrender notice to the Allies that its own people learned the news. On August 15, 1945, Japans national radio network (37) 2 the power of its transmitters for an unprecedented broadcast address of the “Voice

37、of the Crane“the emperor. Until that (38) 3day, ordinary Japanese had never heard their emperor speak. Speaking in archaic (39) 4 language understood by few of his subjects, Emperor Hirohito told Japan that the (40) 5of battle had not necessarily developed to the nations advantage. While most Japane

38、se reacted with (41) 6 silence, there was jubilation across Asia as countries quickly realized they were being liberated from a long period of (42) 7 and militarism. Sixty years on, Japan still seems to have difficulty (43) 8 to grips with its defeat. The media focus here every August is on the U. S

39、. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (44) 9. Every year on August 15, some cabinet ministers visit Tokyos Yasukuni Shrine, setting off protests by Asian governments, (45) 10. Although August 14 and 15 are celebrated as the end of the war, it was not until September 2, 1945, that (46) 11. （分数：

40、10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Hes the most famous man Americans dont know: one of the worlds highest-paid athletes, a fashion pacemaker married to a glamorous pop star, an idol of teens and mothers alike. It

41、has taken a movie in which he doesnt even appear (except in archive footage) for English soccer star David Beckham to score in the USA. While Bend It Like Beckham might now be filling theaters across the country, before it was released there was talk of changing the title for fear filmgoers wouldnt

42、understand it. If David Beckham is relatively unknown in the USA, he is indisputably among the most recognized sports figures elsewhere in the world, where soccer is the real king of sports. In a way no other athlete has, Beckham, combines sport, celebrity, entertainment and style to achieve a globa

43、l span of popularity, says Ellis Cashmore, professor of culture, media and sport at Staffordshire University. “Tiger Woods? Michael Jordan? They redefined their sport, and they are respected. But Beckham is more than that. He is worshiped. His fan base goes far beyond sports; many of them dont even

44、care about football.“ Cashmore says. For most Americans, Bend It Like Beckham is their first introduction to him. In the movie, Jess, a high school girl, dreams of playing football like Beckham. Beckham, however, was “delighted“ by the movies support for womens soccer a growing but still nascent spo

45、rt in Britain, and approved of the use of his name in the title, agent Tony Stephens says. Beckham is known for his brilliant free kicks and precision crossing. For his unique ability, Manchester United, Britains premier soccer club, has paid Beckham some 15 million (more than $22 million) to wear i

46、ts red shirt for three years. But Beckhams contract is peanuts compared to what he rakes in from advertisements. It is estimated that Beckham takes home as much as 12 million ($18 million) a year from his contracts with Adidas and Pepsi, among others. The Times of London put him on its 2003 “Rich Li

47、st“ and declared him worth 50 million ($80 million). He makes more money than the queen does. But other athletes still do better than Beckham does. According to a July 2002 issue of Forbes magazine, Woods had made $69 million in golf prize money and contracts during the previous 12 months, and auto racer Michael Schumacher $67 million. （分数：177.50）(1).What can we know from the first two paragraph of the passage?（分数：35.50）A.Americans get more interested in soccer after seeing Beckhams film.B.Famous as he is, Beckham is relatively not well-know in America.C.Ame