大学英语四级234及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级 234 及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Imagine you are Wang Ting. Write a letter to Xiao Lin, a classmate of yours who is at home and suffering from eye strain (视疲劳). However, shes still willing

2、to participate in the forth coming CET-4 test. You should write no more than 120 words following the suggestions given below in Chinese. 1. 表示慰问； 2. 告知有关你备考的情况； 3. 提出你的建议。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Rapid Police Response Police departments in the United States and Canada see it

3、 as central to their role that they respond to calls for help as quickly as possible. This ability to react fast has been greatly improved with the aid of technology. The telephone and police radio, already long in use, assist greatly in the reduction of police response time. In more recent times th

4、ere has been the introduction of the 911 emergence system, which allows the public easier and faster contact with police, and the use of police computer system, which assist police in planning patrols and assigning emergency requests to the police officers nearest to the scene of the emergency. An i

5、mportant part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public alike as offering tremendous benefits. The more obvious ones are the ability of police to apply first-aid life-saving techniques quickly and the greater likelihood of arresting people who may have parti

6、cipated in a crime. It aids in identifying those who witnessed an emergency or crime, as well as in collecting evidence. The overall reputation of a police department, too, is enhanced if rapid response is consistent, and this in itself promotes the prevention of crime. Needless to say, rapid respon

7、se offers the public some degree of satisfaction in its police force. While these may be the desired consequences of rapid police response, actual research has not shown it to be quite so beneficial. For example, it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest on

8、ly if responses are on the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes still quite a rapid response the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced. Similarly, in identifying witnesses to emergencies or crimes, police are far more lik

9、ely to be successful if they arrive at the scene no more than four minutes, on average, after receiving call for help. Yet both police officers and the public define “rapid response“ as responding up to 10-12 minutes after calling the police for help. Should police assume all the responsibility for

10、ensuring a rapid response? Studies have shown that people tend to delay after an incident occurs before contacting the police. A crime victim may be injured and thus unable to call for help, for example, or no telephone may be available at scene of the incident. Often, however, there is no such phys

11、ical barrier to calling the police. Indeed, it is very common for crime victims to call their parents, their minister, or even their insurance company first. When the police are finally called in such case, the effectiveness of even the most rapid of responses is greatly diminished. The effectivenes

12、s of rapid response also needs to be seen in light of the nature of the crime. For example, when someone rings the police after discovering their television set has been stolen from their home, there is little point, in terms of identifying those responsible for the crime, in ensuring a very rapid r

13、esponse. It is common in such burglary or theft cases that the victim discovers the crime hours, days, even weeks after it has occurred. When the victim is directly involved in the crime, however, as in the case of a robbery, rapid response, provided the victim was quickly able to contact the police

14、, is more likely to be advantageous. Based on statistics comparing crimes that are discovered and those in which the victim is directly involved, Spelman and Brown (1981) suggest that three in four calls to police need not be met with rapid response. It becomes clear that the importance of response

15、time in collecting evidence or catching criminals after a crime must be weighed against a variety of factors. Yet because police department officials assume the public strongly demands rapid response, they believe that every call to the police should be met with it. Studies have shown, however, that

16、 while the public wants quick response, more important is the information given by the police to the person asking for help. If a caller is told the police will arrive in five minutes but in fact it takes ten minutes or more, waiting the extra time can be extremely frustration. But if a caller is to

17、ld he or she will have to wait 10 minutes and the police indeed arrive within that time, the caller is normally satisfied. Thus, rather than emphasizing rapid response, the focus of energies should be on establishing realistic expectations in the caller and making every attempt to meet them. （分数：71.

18、00）(1).Police believe there is a better chance of finding witnesses to a crime if response if rapid.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspect criminal is caught.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The public and the police generally agree on

19、 the amount of time normally taken for a rapid response.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Physical barriers are the greatest cause of delay in contacting police.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Rapid response is considered desirable in handling cases of burglary.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Research shows that some 75% of cri

20、mes are discovered by victims after they have been committed.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Police departments are usually successful in providing a rapid response regardless of the circumstances of the crime or emergency.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).This ability of the police to react fast has been greatly impro

21、ved with the aid of（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).It is common that the victims 1, 2or even 3 called the police for him.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).If the police fail to arrive in time, the caller will feel 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She cant put up with the noise.B.She wants to save mo

22、ney to buy a piano.C.The present apartment is too expensive.D.She has found a job a neighboring area.A.His injury kept him at home.B.He didnt think it necessary.C.He was too weak to see the doctor.D.He failed to make an appointment.A.She may telephone Arthur.B.Perhaps rehearsal should be canceled.C.

23、She cant practice any other evening.D.Rehearsal has already been postponed.A.He will review 3 more lessons.B.He will study the other 5 lessons.C.He will go over the 12 lessons.D.He will study all the 15 lessons.A.Encouraged.B.Indifferent.C.InsultedD.Responsible.A.Looking for a young lady.B.Looking f

24、or her wristwatch.C.Looking for a man wearing a wristwatch.D.Looking for a young gentleman.A.The pear.B.The weather.C.The cold.D.The seafood.A.At a cigarette store.B.At a bus station.C.At a gas station.D.At Aunt Marys.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Typing letters for Mr. Black.B.Typing a report for Mr

25、s. Smith.C.Typing a report for Mr. Black.D.Typing letters for Mrs. Smith.A.Detroit.B.Chicago.C.New York.D.Boston.A.Because her husband is out on business.B.Because her husband is at home on leave.C.Because her parents have come to help with housework.D.Because her parents are out on holiday.A.A Role

26、x.B.A Bulova.C.A Seiko.D.An Elgin.A.Global warming.B.Humans actions.C.Industry pollution.D.Weather changes.A.Because she has experienced an extremely cold winter.B.Because she has not heard any discussion about it.C.Because she doesnt think things are getting worse.D.Because she knows that man has d

27、one a lot about it.A.Peoples unawareness about global warming.B.Flooding in the Indian coast.C.Changes in the global weather system.D.Pollution and deforestation.A.It is not really a new one.B.It is the new one but doesnt work properly.C.It is the new one but it is not nice looking.D.It is the new o

28、ne but my friend doesnt like it.A.the milk went sour quicklyB.the refrigerator had an unusual smellC.she doesnt check every corner insideD.she wiped the refrigerator outA.The shop promised to change another oneB.The shop promised to repair it if you charge itC.The shop promised to repair it for free

29、 it if it broke down in the first three months.D.The shop promised to repair it for free it if it broke down in one month.A.Food had to be kept in the ice box.B.Fresh food must be eaten within one or two days after being shipped from the farm.C.Food must be delivered, from the farm within one or two

30、 days.D.Food must be kept in the places near the farm.A.Drying the food.B.Heating the food.C.Cooling the food.D.Putting the food in the water.A.The car had ice in it.B.The car had no wheels of its own.C.He wanted to ship butter to Boston in a quick and safe way.D.He wanted to add ice on its way.A.Th

31、e ways of keeping food eatable for a longer time.B.The killing of bacteria.C.The invention of the refrigerator.D.The role bacteria play.A.For education.B.To enjoy themselves.C.For adventure.D.To look for a different lifestyle.A.It has a dense population.B.It has many towering buildings.C.There are 2

32、00 vehicles for every kilometer of railway.D.There are many museums and palaces.A.It has many big and beautiful parks.B.It possesses many historical sites.C.It is a city of contrasts.D.It is an important industrial center.A.It makes our life more interesting.B.It enables us to acquire first-hand kno

33、wledge.C.It helps develop our personalities.D.It brings about changes in our lifestyle.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Very few people can get a college degree before 11, but Michael was an (36) 1. He started high school when he was 5, finishing in just nine months. He became the (37) 2youngest college g

34、raduate when he was 10 years and 4 months old, earning an (38) 3degree. Now at 11 Michaels working on a masters degree in (39) 4intelligence. But Michaels (40) 5hasnt always come easy. (41) 6his intelligence, he still lacks important life (42) 7. In one class, he had to struggle to understand (43) 8

35、novels, because, he says, “Im 11. Ive never been in love before.“ Another challenge was his size.(44) 9. He likes computers so much (45) 10. He wants to make robots do all the heavy tasks. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Compr

36、ehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel econom

37、y for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that t

38、here were fewer calories (热量单位，太卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond

39、to a consumers real concerns, Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile in vestment for mo

40、st people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appea

41、l to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision. （分数：177.50）(1).Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _.（分数：35.50）A.stressing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance bet

42、ween quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives(2).The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that _.（分数：35.50）A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slicesC.the bread was not genuine breadD.the total number of calories in the loaf rema

43、ined the same(3).The passage tells us that _.（分数：35.50）A.sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB.advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont needC.the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD.fire insurance is seldom a worthwhil

44、e investment(4).It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _.（分数：35.50）A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC.be familiar with various advertising strategiesD.avoid buying products that have st

45、rong emotional appeal(5).The passage is mainly about _.（分数：35.50）A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting salesPeople living on part of the south coast of England

46、 face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several

47、 houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea. Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem, but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inla

48、nd. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea. Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government survey ors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the pro