大学英语四级153及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级 153及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of apology. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 给你的朋友 John写一封信，说明由于你的疏忽把他借给你的书弄丢了你给他买了一本新的； 2. 表示真诚歉意； 3. 主动提出赔偿。

2、 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Stress Stress is the bodys reaction to any change that requires an adjustment or response. The body reacts to these changes with physical, mental, and emotional responses. Stress is a normal part of life. Many events that happen to you and around you

3、and many things that you do yourselfput stress on your body. You can experience stress from your environment, your body, and your thoughts. How does stress affect health? The human body is designed to experience stress and react to it. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid dang

4、er. Stress becomes negative when a person faces continuous challenges without relief or relaxation between challenges. As a result, the person becomes overworked, and stress-related tension builds. Stress that continues without relief can lead to a condition called distressa negative stress reaction

5、. Distress can disturb the bodys internal balance or equilibriumleading to physical symptoms including headaches, upset stomach, elevated blood pressure, chest pain, and sleeping problems. Research suggests that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. Stress also becomes har

6、mful when people use alcohol, tobacco, or drugs to try to relieve their stress. Unfortunately, instead of relieving the stress and returning the body to a relaxed state, these substances tend to keep the body in a stressed state and cause more problems. Consider the following facts: -Forty-three per

7、cent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress. -Seventy-five to 90% of all doctors office visits are for stress-related ailments (烦恼) and complaints. -Stress is linked to six of the leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis (硬化) of the liver,

8、and suicide. -The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) declared stress a hazard of the workplace. In terms of lost hours due to absenteeism, reduced productivity and workers compensation benefits, stress costs American industry more than $300 billion annually. -The lifetime prevalenc

9、e of an emotional disorder is more than 50%, often due to chronic (长期的), untreated stress reactions. Whats normal anxiety? The cold sweat of anxiety is that “fight or flight“ response that kept our early relatives safe from grizzly (灰色的) bears and other scary characters. That adrenaline rush still s

10、erves us well under certain circumstances. Anxiety is a natural reaction to those very real stresses. In todays world, that reaction helps motivate us, prepares us for things we have to face, and sometimes give us energy to take action when we need to. Big job interview is coming up, and its got you

11、 in knots. So you spend a little more time getting dressed or rehearsing what youre going to say. Youve got an appointment with the divorce lawyer, so you do more homework. That kind of anxiety can motivate you to do better. It helps you protect yourself. But as we know too well, sometimes it doesnt

12、 take a specific threatonly the possibility of crisisto send humans into anxiety mode. The difficulty comes in learning to tone down that automatic responseto think, “How serious is the danger? How likely is the threat?“ The thing about anxiety is, it can take on a life of its own. Everything become

13、s a potential crisis. The unthinkable has happened. So around every corner, theres the next possible disaster. What are symptoms of harmful anxiety? When anxiety is taking a toll, your body knows it. You have trouble sleeping, eating, and concentrating. You get headaches; your stomach is upset. You

14、might even have a panic attack the pounding heart, a feeling of lightheadedness. Anxiety may also feel like depression. The two sometimes overlap. When anxiety becomes so overwhelming that it interferes with day-to-day activitieswhen it keeps you from going places, from doing things you need to doth

15、ats when you need help. Generalized anxiety disorder is a bigger syndromelike a worry machine in your head. If its not one thing, its another. Youre procrastinating to the point that youre almost afraid to take a step. Youre so nervous about going to your childs school to talk to the teacher, you ju

16、st dont go you miss the appointment. In the case of such overwhelming anxiety, people are not making good decisions. Theyre avoiding things, or theyre unable to rise to the occasion because the anxiety is too much. Theyre procrastinating because they cant concentrate, cant stay focused. Its really i

17、nterfering with their day-to-day life. At that point, they may have a more serious anxiety problem and need professional help. How Can You Cope? To cope with plain-vanilla anxiety, separate out the real risks and dangers that a situation presents and those your imagination is making worse. Its a twi

18、st on the old adage: “Take control of the things you can, and accept those you cant change. “ Ask yourself: Where can you take control of a situation? Where can you make changes? Then do what needs to be done. What things do you simply have to accept? Thats very important. Very often, its possible t

19、o get past an anxiety cycle with the help of friends or family someone who can help you sort out your problems. But when anxiety becomes overwhelming, its time for a therapist, or perhaps medication. Here are two strategies that therapists use to help us conquer anxiety: Challenge negative thoughts

20、Ask yourself: Is this a productive thought? Is it helping me get closer to my goal? If its just a negative thought youre rehashing, then you must be able to say to that thought: “Stop.“ Thats difficult to do, but its very important. Rather than becoming paralyzed with anxiety, heres another message

21、you can send yourself: “I may have to take a job I dont like as much, may have to travel further than I want, but Ill do what I have to do now. At least I will have the security of income in the short term. Then I can look for something better later. “ The most important thing: “to realize when youv

22、e done everything you can, that you need to move forward.“ Learn to relax You may even need “breathing retraining“. When people get anxious, they tend to hold their breath. We teach people a special diaphragmatic breathingit calms your system. Do yoga (瑜伽), meditation, or get some exercise. Exercise

23、 is a terrific outlet for anxiety. Most of all, try not to compound your problems. When things are bad, there is a legitimate reason to feel bad. But if you dont deal with it, youre going to lose more than just a jobyoull lose relationships, your self-confidence, you could even lose technical abilit

24、ies if you stay dormant in your profession. Try not to compound one stress by adding another. Often your ability to work through anxietyget past itvaries depending on the type of crisis you faced. The more severe, the more surprising it was, the longer its going to take to get over it. You may be on

25、 autopilot for several weeks. If youre depressed, that can complicate things. In the case of divorce, it may take months to years to really get back to yourself. But take heart. If youre doing well in one aspect of your lifein your work or your relationshipsyoure probably on your way. Fear and anxie

26、ty are no longer running your life. （分数：71.00）(1).Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Seventy-five to 90% of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).In todays world, anxiety can help motivate us, prepares us fo

27、r things we have to face, and sometimes give us energy to take action when we need to.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Anxiety and depression sometimes overlap.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).When anxiety is taking a toll, your body doesnt know it.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).If you have a feeling of lightheadedness, youll

28、need professional help.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Exercise is a detestable way for anxiety.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Its possible to get past an anxiety cycle with the help of friends or familysomeone who can help you_.（分数：7.10）_(9).When people get anxious, they tend to_.（分数：7.10）_(10).Youll lose relations

29、hips, your self-confidence, you could even lose technical abilities if you stay_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She is underpaid.B.She wants a higher salary.C.She expresses here idea directly.D.Her boss permitted to give her a raise.A.Teacher and student.B.Boss and clerk.C.Lawyer

30、and client.D.Two colleagues.A.In a restaurant.B.In a supermarket.C.At an office.D.At home.A.He wants to go to the conference.B.He wants to be welcome.C.He want to see Mr. Jackson.D.He wants to cancel the appointment.A.Secretary and boss.B.Student and teacher.C.Customer and shop-assistant.D.Interview

31、er and interviewee.A.It isnt small and young.B.It has good workers.C.It has a good future.D.He likes the company.A.The man wasnt a US citizen.B.The business company accepted the man.C.The man could not present sufficient credentials.D.The man was a very impressive person.A.He has to have the job.B.H

32、e likes difficulties.C.He is afraid of the projects.D.He was frightened.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.A satellite.B.An ordinary plane.C.A space plane.D.A space rocket.A.A space plane is bigger than an ordinary plane.B.A space plane looks totally different from an ordinary plane.C.A space plane carrie

33、s more passengers than an ordinary plane.D.A space plane travels much faster than an-ordinary plane.A.A space rocket can only be used once.B.The pilot can fly a space plane just like an ordinary plane.C.A space rocket travels much faster than a space plane.D.Both A and B.A.When to move.B.Where to li

34、ve the following year.C.How much time to spend at home.D.Whose house to visit.A.Take some money to the housing office.B.Inform the director of student housing in a letter.C.Fill out a form in the history.D.Maintain a high grade average.A.Both live on campus.B.Both live off campus.C.The man lives on

35、campus; the woman lives off campus.D.The woman lives on campus; the man lives off campus.A.Look for a new place to live.B.Borrow money for a car.C.Pay her deposit.D.Consider the situation further.A.Have to buy a special electronic ticket.B.Have to travel a long way to visit the university.C.Need an

36、expensive device designed especially for the museum.D.Need a computer linked to a telephone.A.Provide a place for computer artists to show their work.B.Sell the art works more easily.C.Save space of museums for other purposes.D.Provide more fun for the artists.A.It helps a computer artist to record

37、his pictures electronically.B.It helps a computer artist to send his pictures to others.C.It helps a computer artist to print pictures on paper.D.It helps a computer artist to connect his computer to the art museum.A.She sat back and relaxed.B.She decided to retire.C.She entered university.D.She wor

38、ked out a new English program.A.8 years.B.20 years.C.16 years.D.30 years.A.Bring a great deal of useful experience to the university.B.Improve human relationships in the university.C.Bring a fear of aging among young students on the campus.D.Improve the reputation of the university.A.She is learning

39、 to perceive, not to judge.B.She is learning how to make sound judgments.C.She is learning how to teach minority students.D.She is learning English and Drama.A.The long distance between his hometown and New York.B.His criminal record.C.The high unemployment rate in New York.D.His unpopular character

40、.A.He wanted to be put in prison again.B.He needed the money to support his family.C.He hated the barber there.D.He wanted to make himself well known.A.He went directly to the police station.B.He drove out of the town and tried to escape.C.He waited for the police to arrest him.D.He argued with the

41、police angrily.A.Mr. Spears enjoyed living in prison.B.Mr. Spears was known as a greedy man in his community.C.The police in New York were not very efficient.D.The only way for Mr. Spears to support his family was by going to prison again.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Last year Google announced deals w

42、ith five of the worlds top universities, including Harvard and Oxford, to scan much of the contents of their libraries into the Internet. The idea was to make millions of important but previously (36) 1texts available to researchers everywhere with a few clicks of the mouse. The head of Oxford Unive

43、rsitys library service said the project could turn out to be almost as important as the.(37) 2of the printing press. Google (38) 3claimed its motives were purely altruistic, the realization of a longstanding dream for the groups (39) 4 founders Sergey Page and Larry Brin whod worked on a digital lib

44、rary project during their student days. But from the start Googles plan met opposition. The latest sign of this is a letter to Google from the American (40) 5of University Presses which represents (41) 6academic publishers. The organization wants (42) 7on sixteen issues, claiming the book scanning s

45、cheme appears to involve systematic infringement of copyright on a massive (43) 8. Other opposition has come from France, where there are fears that the Google project will enhance of the dominance of the English language and Anglo-Saxon ways of thinking. (44) 9. Supporters of the Google scheme say

46、copyright is protected (45) 10, and (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)As soon as it was revealed that a reporter for Progressive magazine had discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb, a group of firear

47、m (火器) fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association, and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owning one. “The Constitution,“ said the associations spokesman,“ gives everyone the right to own arms. It doesnt spell out what kind of arms. But since anyone can now make a hydrogen bomb, the public should be able to buy it to protect themselves.“ “Dont you think its dangerous to have one in the house, particu