大学英语六级分类模拟题465及答案解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 465 及答案解析(总分:278.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、Section A(总题数:1,分数:25.00)The Three-Year SolutionA. Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes this offer to well-prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of f
2、our, and save about $43,000the amount of one year“s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That“s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world. B. The United States has almost
3、 all of the world“s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world“s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of
4、the world“s brightest students were attracted to American universities. C. Yet, there are signs of peril (危险) within American higher education. US colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6000 public, private, nonprofit, for-profit, or religious institutions of higher l
5、earning. In addition, almost all of the $32 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively. D. But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring “school year“ hasn“t changed much since before the American
6、Revolution, when we were a nation of farmers and students put their books away to work the soil during the summer. That long summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purp
7、oses a little more than half the calendar year. “While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,“ he has written. E. Within academic departments, tenure (终身职位), combined with age-discrimination laws, makes facul
8、ty turnovercritical for a university to remain current in changing timesdifficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure sys-tem often stifles (压制) them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging li
9、ke-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas. F. Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long a
10、s their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more foot-ball season find it hard to graduate. Congress has tried
11、to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of
12、every tuition dollar. G. For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students
13、and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school“s new three-year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated students who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees. H. By eliminating that extra year
14、, three-year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four-week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of inter-national sites. Summer courses are not requ
15、ired, but a student may enroll in themand pay extra. Three-year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay. I. The three-year degree isn“t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-stud
16、ent institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms“ in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options. J. Changes a
17、t the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college-level work. Many universities, including large
18、schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster. K. For students who don“t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School“s residency (住院医生) pro
19、gram, enrolled in Vanderbilt“s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates. “My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically
20、 skipped my senior year,“ says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife. L. There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three year
21、s also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor“s class. Iowa“s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree pro-grams, but is
22、now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience-academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce. M. “Most high governmental officials s
23、eem to conceive of education in this lightas a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,“ Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.“ Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less reven
24、ue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members. N. Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most schools. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campuses more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg“s advice: open campuses year-round. “Y
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