大学英语六级-20及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语六级-20 及答案解析(总分：555.85，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 有人认为考研是大学毕业生最好的出路2. 也有人持不同意见3. 我的看法Should We Pursue Masters Degree?（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Why Bilingual Education?Bilingual education continues to receive criticism in the national media. This article e

2、xamines some of the criticism, and its effect on public opinion, which often is based on misconceptions about bilingual educations goals and practice. The article also explains the rationale underlying good bilingual education programs and summarizes research findings about their effectiveness.The c

3、ombination of first language subject matter teaching and literacy development that characterizes good bilingual programs indirectly but powerfully aids students as they strive for a third factor essential to their success: English proficiency. Of course, we also want to teach in English directly, vi

4、a high quality English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) classes, and through sheltered subject matter teaching, where intermediate-level English language acquirers learn subject matter taught in English.The best bilingual education programs include all of these characteristics: ESL instruction, sheltered

5、subject matter teaching, and instruction in the first language. Non-English-speaking children initially receive core instruction in the primary language along with ESL instruction. As children grow more proficient in English, they learn subjects using more contextualized language (e. g. , math and s

6、cience) in sheltered classes taught in English, and eventually in mainstream classes. In this way, the sheltered classes function as a bridge between instruction in the first language and in the mainstream. In advanced levels, the only subjects done in the first language are those demanding the most

7、 abstract use of language (social studies and language arts). Once full mainstreaming is complete, advanced first language development is available as an option. Gradual exit plans, such as these, avoid problems associated with exiting children too early (before the English they encounter is compreh

8、ensible) and provide instruction in the first language where it is most needed. These plans also allow children to have the advantages of advanced first language development.Success without Bilingual EducationA common argument against bilingual education is the observation that many people have succ

9、eeded without it. This has certainly happened. In these cases, however, the successful person got plenty of comprehensible input in the second language, and in many cases had a defacto bilingual education program. For example, Rodriguez and de la Pena are often cited as counter-evidence to bilingual

10、 education.Rodriguez tells us that he succeeded in school without a special program and acquired a very high level of English literacy. He had two crucial advantages, however, that most limited-English-proficient (LEP) children do not have. First, he grew up in an English-speaking neighborhood in Sa

11、cramento, California, and thus got a great deal of informal comprehensible input from classmates. Many LEP children today encounter English only at school; they live in neighborhoods where Spanish prevails. In addition, Rodriguez became a voracious reader, which helped him acquire academic language.

12、 Most LEP children have little access to books.De la Pena reports that he came to the United States at age nine with no English competence and claims that he succeeded without bilingual education. He reports that he acquired English rapidly, and “by the end of my first school year, I was among the t

13、op students.“ De la Pena, however, had the advantages of bilingual education: In Mexico, he was in the fifth grade, and was thus literate in Spanish and knew subject matter. In addition, when he started school in the United States he was put back two grades. His superior knowledge of subject matter

14、helped make the English input he heard more comprehensible.Children who arrive with a good education in their primary language have already gained two of the three objectives of a good bilingual education program-literacy and subject matter knowledge. Their success is good evidence for bilingual edu

15、cation.What about Language other Than SpanishPorter states that “even if there were a demonstrable advantage for Spanish-speakers learning to read first in their home language, it does not follow that the same holds true for speakers of languages that do not use the Roman alphabet“ . But it does. th

16、e ability to read transfers across languages, even when the writing systems are different.There is evidence that reading ability transfers from Chinese to English, from Vietnamese to English, from Japanese to English, and from Turkish to Dutch. In other words, those who read well in one language, re

17、ad well in the second language (as long as length of residence in the country is taken into account because of the first language loss that is common) .Bilingual Education and public OpinionOpponents of bilingual education tell us that the public is against bilingual education. This impression is a

18、result of the way the question is asked. One can easily get a near-100-percent rejection of bilingual education when the question is biased. Porter, for example, states that “Many parents are not committed to having the schools maintain the mother tongue if it is at the expense of gaining a sound ed

19、ucation and the English language skills needed for obtaining jobs or pursuing higher education“ . Who would support mother tongue education at such a price?However, when respondents are simply asked whether or not they support bilingual education, the degree of support is quite strong: From 60 -99 p

20、ercent of samples of parents and teachers say they support bilingual education. In a series of studies, Shin examined attitudes toward the principles underlying bilingual education. Shin found that many respondents agree with the idea that the first language can be helpful in providing background kn

21、owledge, most agree that literacy transfers across languages, and most support the principles underlying continuing bilingual education (economic and cognitive advantages).The number of people opposed to bilingual education is probably even less than these results suggest; many people who say they a

22、re opposed to bilingual education are actually opposed to certain practices (e. g. , inappropriate placement of children).Despite what is presented to the public in the national media, research has revealed much support for bilingual education. McQuillan and Tse (in press) reviewed publications appe

23、aring between 1984 and 1994, and reported that 87 percent of academic publications supported bilingual education, but newspaper and magazine opinion articles tended to be anti-bilingual education, with only 45 percent supporting bilingual education. One wonders what public support would look like if

24、 bilingual education were more clearly defined in such articles and editorials.The Research DebateIt is sometimes claimed that research does not support the efficacy of bilingual education. Its harshest critics, however, do not claim that bilingual education does not work; instead, they claim there

25、is little evidence that it is superior to all-English programs. Nevertheless, the evidence used against bilingual education is not convincing. One major problem is in labeling. Several critics, for example, have claimed that English immersion programs in El Paso and McAllen, Texas, were shown to be

26、superior to bilingual education. In each case, however, programs labeled immersion were really bilingual education, with a substantial part of the day taught in the primary language. In another study, Gersten claimed that all-English immersion was better than bilingual education. However, the sample

27、 size was small and the duration of the study was short; also, no description of “bilingual education“ was provided.On the other hand, a vast number of other studies have shown that bilingual education is effective, with children in well-designed programs acquiring academic English at least as well

28、and often better than children in all-English programs. Willig concluded that the better the experimental design of the study, the more positive were tile effects of bilingual education.Improving Bilingual EducationBilingual education has done well, but it can do much better. The biggest problem is

29、the absence of books-in both the first and second languages-in the lives of students in these programs. Free voluntary reading can help all components of bilingual education: It can be a source of comprehensible input in English or a means for developing knowledge and literacy through the first lang

30、uage, and for continuing first language development.Limited-English-proficient Spanish-speaking children have little access to books at home (about 22 books per home for the entire family) or at school ( an average of one book in Spanish per Spanish-speaking child in some school libraries in schools

31、 with bilingual programs) . A book flood in both languages is clearly called for. Good bilingual programs have brought students to the 50th percentile on standardized tests of English reading by grade five. But with a good supply of books in both first and second languages, students can go far beyon

32、d the 50th percentile. It is possible that we might then have the Lake Wobegon effect, where all of the children are above average, and we can finally do away with the tests (and put the money saved to much better use) .（分数：10.00）(1).The author believes that the criticism against bilingual education

33、 is not reasonable.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The instruction in the first language is a key part of a good bilingual program.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).In advanced level bilingual classes, the teaching in the first language is fully eliminated.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Gradual exit plan has the advantage of higher lit

34、eracy levels for the students.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Rodriguez and de la Pena are used as examples to reject bilingual programs because they_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6)._helped De la Pena to understand English much better when he first arrived.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Many people may reject bilingual education sim

35、ply because they dont like（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Besides the problems of the small size and short duration of the study, Gerstens research also lacks_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).Willigs research came up with the fact that if the experimental design of the study is better, the effects of bilingual education wo

36、uld be_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Bilingual programs can do much better if the problems of _can be solved.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：140.00)(1).A. Yesterday morning. B. Yesterday noon.C. Yesterday afternoon. D. Yesterday evening.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He does

37、nt have good qualifications.B. His resume hasnt outlined his past in a proper way.C. He is not nervous when taking an interview.D. He always thinks that the interviewer is like an enemy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He should outline his past better.B. He should send his resume directly to the manager.C.

38、He should create a new area in his resume called “value offered“.D. He neednt write different resumes to different employers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. A shipping company. B. A consulting company.C. An accounting company. D. A headhunting company.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Because of its friendly folks. B

39、. Because of its clean air.C. Because of its quietness. D. Because of the sense of freshness.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. She admitted her carelessness. B. She is not to blame.C. Shell accept all responsibility.D. Shell be more careful next time.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Lower the students grade. B. Recons

40、ider the students position later.C. Allow the student to miss class. D. Suggest the student reschedule the surgery.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He likes traveling around. B. He is tired of sticking in one place.C. He knows where the grass is the greenest. D. He always thinks there might be a better place

41、.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Businessman and customer. B. Father and daughter.C. Interviewer and interviewee. D. Consultant and client.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The womans new house. B. The womans story.C. The mans experience. D. The mans daughter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. He went to the lecture for another

42、 reason. B. The lecture yesterday was not interesting.C. He is interested in behavior modification. D. The lecture was given by his professor.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The man saw a horror movie. B. The man likes movies very much.C. The woman doesnt like theater. D. The woman had frightening dreams.（分

43、数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. She is eager to be accepted by the university.B. She is waiting to see if she could get the job from Coles.C. She is expecting to see if Cole would lend her some cash.D. She has no idea about whether she can afford the university tuition.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Write Daisy a no

44、te of apology.,B. Return Daisys notes in a few days.C. Apologize when Daisy is less angry.D. Let her talk to Daisy about the situation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Robert survived the plane crash.B. All the passengers were killed in the plane crash.C. Robert was killed in the air crash.D. Robert is a won

45、der-working person.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Because she feels very hot in the room.B. Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C. Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D. Because she doesnt like the smell of smoke inside.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The graduate students could understand the lec

46、ture.B. The undergraduate students could understand the lecture.C. Both the undergraduate and the graduate students understand the lecture.D. Neither the undergraduate nor the graduate students could understand the lecture.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. They both enjoyed watching the game.B. People were su

47、rprised at their winning the game.C. They both felt good about the results of the game.D. The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. He thinks David is not reliable.B. Hes willing to trust David.C. He has told his doubts to David.D. He thinks David will benefi

48、t from this experience.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. By going on a diet. B. By doing physical exercise.C. By having fewer meals. D. By eating fruit and vegetables.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage Three（分数：28.00）(1).A. The different tastes of people for sports. B. The different characteristics of sports.C. The attraction of football. D. The attraction of baseball.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Soccer is not popular in Italy.B. Most Canadians hate hockey.C. Most Americans like baseball.D. Those who dont like baseball also dont like football.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They thin