大学四级-1710及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-1710 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.说明自己的身份和租房的目的；2简单叙述理想公寓的条件；3费用问题和联系方式。Apartment Wanted（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Inspiration for Your KidsA parent, or anyone else who interacts regularly with kids, knows that communicating effectively with t

2、hem can be difficult. If you want children to grow up into the best possible versions of themselves, its crucial to replace damaging words in your vocabulary with alternatives that help build character. Some of the things parents say to kids seem harmless or even constructive on the surface, but, ex

3、perts say, they may hurt more than help. Here are some aspects under our consideration.1. When the kid deserves praiseFor years, weve been told that boosting a childs self-esteem is important to his or her success in life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can backfire (事与愿违).

4、Praise-aholic tykes who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval from their friends when offered a joint or asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car. The implication of saying “Youre the prettiest girl in class,“ or talking about the goals she scored but

5、 not her overall effort, is that you love her only when she looks the best, scores the highest, achieves the most. And this carries over to the classroom.Social psychologist Carol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was at Columbia University. She found that k

6、ids praised for “trying hard“ did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those lauded for being “smart“Praising attributes or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that trait, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid

7、to take on challenges,“ says Dweck, now at Stanford University. “They figure theyd better quit while theyre ahead.“2. When the kid asks more to take back homeDoes your child really need one more video game or doll? Of course not. But by repeatedly saying money is the only reason he or she cant have

8、something, the parent may be sending the message that money is the source of all things good in life. Couple that with the marketing blitz everywhere they turn, and children will never get the meaning of excess or gratitude.“You want your children to have the sense of abundance until the age of five

9、not in a material way, but in the sense that what you do have brings joy,“ says Marcy Axness, PhD, a child development specialist and founder of quantumparenting. com.Finances are one of the few topics parents shouldnt feel a duty to discuss or explain, especially with younger kids, Axness says. “If

10、 every request is met with a legal brief as to why they cant have it or go there, you will end up with a child who is going to negotiate with you.“ Dont be afraid to say to your little one, confidently and cheerfully, “No, sorry. Case closed.“If its your older, money-wise child whos asking? Sit down

11、 with tier and Work out together how she can make the purchase happenas a reward for improved grades, say, or by buying it with an allowance for doing extra chores. The process of talking it through matters more than how much each contributes.3. When the kid is upsetWhen a child comes home upset abo

12、ut being teased by classmates or not winning a medal at the swim meet, its only natural for parents to overlook his disappointment and offer consolation (安慰). Adults know that such setbacks are minor.“But kids need to learn how to express feelings, work through them and move on, as opposed to trying

13、 to make them go away without expression,“ says Panaccione, an expert on children development. If children feel that they shouldnt have feelings or that their feelings are bad, theyll start to lock them inside and fail to adopt healthy coping strategies, she says.On the other hand, kids shouldnt wal

14、low in bad feelings. A question like “Why do you think this happened?“ or “Do you have any ideas about what you can do to make it better?“ may give them encouragement they need to deal with situations on their own. Says Mel Levine, MD, a professor of pediatrics at the University of North Carolina at

15、 Chapel Hill: “A parent gives more comfort by listening than by talking. If you simply resonate with your childs mood, then youll have a child whos always willing to come to you and bare her soul.“4. When the kid talks to strangersKids today need to, and do, talk to strangers all the timeat the stor

16、e checkout, on the bus, in the doctors office. This antiquated catchphrase is no substitute for a serious one-on-one about the real risks.First, parents need a reality check: Despite the sensational stones, eases of children snatched off the sidewalk by total strangers and never seen again are extre

17、mely rare. Just 1 percent or fewer of all abductions happen that way. Meanwhile, children are frequently victimized by people they know well, including authority figures. Thats why it makes more sense to tell kids to be watchful of anyone, stranger or acquaintance, who makes them feel at all uncomfo

18、rtable.Parents of kids who spend time on the Internet should warn them against giving information that would identify their whereabouts, such as their last name, address or school name, advises James Beasley, an expert on child predators for the FBI. And kids should always tell their parents about n

19、ew online buddies, especially those who ask if the child is willing to keep a secret.5. When the kid doesnt want to shareYoud never hand the keys to your sports car to the guy next door. But thats what youre asking your children to do when you tell them to share a toy. “Young kids dont distinguish c

20、learly between themselves and the objects they own, like their teddy bear or favorite toy train,“ says psychologist David Elkind, PhD, a professor at Tufts University and the author of The Hurried Child. “So in effect youre asking them to give away part of themselves.“In extreme cases, if a child is

21、 forced to give up prized possessions over and over, the separation becomes so painful that he may avoid forming attachments to people, Elkind says. Kids dont really begin to grasp the concept of sharing until age eight or so. Before then, its still important to begin conveying nuggets (至理名言) of sel

22、flessness. One solution is to put your childs name on the toy before you take it out of his hands, so he knows youre not forcing him to give up ownership.（分数：70.00）(1).Praise, if too much can lead to an unexpected effect opposite to out intention.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Telling kids we appreciate their

23、effort is better than saying they are just smart.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).To prevent kids from asking more toys, its better to explain to them the toys are not things necessary in rife.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).Its wise to discuss With older children on how they can get the things they want instead of complain

24、ing that things Cost much.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Its enough for parents to undermine the importance of things when their kids are upset for them.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Just listening to the kids when they are upset is more effective than encouraging them to deal With the situation.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).Its

25、parents duty to keep their kids alert to strangers who leave unpleasant impressions on them.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Parents should warn their kids not to reveal basic identity information to strangers when they are _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Children dont want to share their toys because they cant tell clear

26、ly the difference between _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).A possible way to make a kid hand out his toy is to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.Attend the birthday party.B.Miss the

27、birthday party.C.Go home before birthday party.D.Feel unhappy at the party.A.She is a secretary.B.She is a reporter.C.She is a novelist.D.She is a shop assistant.A.At gas station.B.At a bank.C.At a hospital.D.At a school.A.It is thundering.B.The wind blows heavily.C.Somebody is pouring water.D.It is

28、 raining heavily.A.His memory is very terrific.B.He is very familiar with the route.C.He is tired of having a meeting at that hotel.D.He has many meetings in that hotel.A.He is going to sign a contract.B.He is signing his check to buy something.C.He wants to skim through the piece.D.He wants to regi

29、ster his name to enroll a course.A.Olnly the man performs badly in the examination.B.The man is likely to pass the examination.C.Somebody may be worse than the man.D.The woman advices the man not to give up.A.They cant get through to David.B.David has been busy recently.C.They are going to invite Da

30、vid to see a film.D.They want to see the film without David.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Industrial specifications.B.Computer development.C.Scientific drawings.D.Science fiction.A.They arc more intelligent.B.They are less expensive.C.They are more

31、decorative.D.They are less bulky.A.They are smarter than human workers.B.They are more productive than human workers.C.They are very durable.D.They are easy to design.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.They dont get rid of loose arm.B.They can damage arm

32、 muscles.C.They arent acceptable to most people.D.They can raise ones blood pressure.A.By talking to an expert.B.By reading an article.C.By attending an exercise class.D.By listening to, the radio.A.Exercising the entire body,B.Having your blood. Pressure to, ken daily.C.Losing weight prior to exerc

33、ising.D.Weighing in before each exercise session.A.Wearing arm weights while you are swimming.B.Jogging vigorously in one place for a long time.C.Using bicycles that require you use both your arms and legs.D.Walking slowly while swinging your arms back and forth.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage On

34、eQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Its a problem not yet solved.B.Its a question difficult to answer.C.Its a matter that is hidden or secret.D.Its a legend handed down from the past.A.By their function.B.By their properties.C.By increase of our experience.D.

35、By association with other things.A.Use beautiful words.B.Use words at random.C.Use words with passion and emotion.D.Use words with care and accuracy.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Their tricks.B.Their order.C.Their liveliness.D.Their intelligen

36、ce.A.The New World monkeys have smaller noses.B.The New World monkeys live in Central and North American.C.All New World monkeys have 32 teeth.D.All New World monkeys can hold things with their tails.A.Grasping food.B.Keeping balance.C.Climbing and leaping.D.Using them as weapons.Passage ThreeQuesti

37、ons 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Asian American students have a special liking for engineering and arts.B.Many Asian American students attended the best universities in the US.C.Asian American students are hard working.D.Asian American students have a broad knowl

38、edge of English.A.They are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas.B.They cannot find a good job if they take art degrees.C.They know little about American culture and society.D.There is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures.A.People would think that Asian students

39、rely on their parents.B.They are afraid that they would again be isolated socially.C.Asian Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D.American academic achievements rely much on Asian students.A.In 1925.B.In 1950.C.In 1932.D.In 1952.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Today, the Walt Disney Company is

40、 worth about fifty-seven thousand million dollars. It has come a long way since 1920s. At that time, Walt Disney and his brother Toy (36) their first cartoon film, “Steamboat Willie.“ Walt Disneys cartoons were a (37) of drawings on film. Each drawing is a little different from the one before it. Ea

41、ch shows a tiny change in (38) . When we see a film of handrawn cartoons, the cartoon people and animals (39) to move. They speak with voices (40) by actors.The public loved to watch the Disney (41) move and act. Walt Disney, however, was not (42) with just making cartoons. He wanted to do more. Lat

42、er in life he opened that first Disneyland in California.Walt Disney died in 1966. But his company continued. For twenty important years, Michael Eisner (43) as top leader of the Walt Disney Company. Mr. Eisner had joined it in 1984 as chairman and chief executive officer. In the 1990s, the company

43、grew into a total media business. (44) . Michael Eisner and Pixar Animation Studios agreed to make five animated movies. This produced the extremely popular film “The Incredibles“. (45) . Some shareholders in the company blamed Mr. Eisner. Michael Eisner remained top leader of the company until 2O04

44、. (46) .（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)In the cause of equal rights, feminists (女权主义者) have had much to complain about. But one striking piece of inequality has been (47) : lifespan.

45、 In this area, women have the (48) hand. All round the world, they live longer than men. Why they should do so is not (49) obvious. But the same is true in many other (50) . From lions to antelope and from sea lions to deer, males, for some reason, simply cant go the distance.One theory is that male

46、s must (51) for female attention. Females are not subject to such pressure. If this theory is correct, the effect will be especially (52) in those varieties where males rival for the attention of lots of females. Conversely, it will be reduced or absent where they do not.That obviously takes its tol

47、l directly. But a more delicate effect may also be at work. Most scholars of ageing agree that an animals (53) lifespan is set by how long it can reasonably expect to escape predation (掠夺行为), disease, accident and damaging (54) by others of its kind. If it will be killed quickly anyway, there is not

48、 much reason for evolution to divert scarce resources into keeping the machine in excellent condition. Those resources should, instead, be (55) to reproduction. And the more (56) the outside world is, the shorter the uppermost lifespan should be. A) overlookedF) threatening K) spontaneous B) upperG) undoubtedly L) devoted C) aggressionH) species M) combine D) immediatel