大学四级-16及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-16 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1现在火车票贩子倒卖车票猖獗 2这种现象有何影响 3我的观点 BMy View on Train Ticket Scalper/B（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BDirections:/BI In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer S

2、heet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8- 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage./IBWhen, If Ever, Can Museums Sell Their Works?/BThe director of the art-rich yet cash-poor National Academy Museu

3、m in New York expected strong opposition when its board decided to sell two Hudson River School paintings for around 15 million.The director, Carmine Branagan, had already approached leaders of two groups to which the academy belonged about the prospect. She knew that both the American Association o

4、f Museums (AAM) and Association of Art Museum Directors (AAMD) had firm policies against museums selling off artworks because of financial hardship and were not going to make an exception.Even so, she said, she was not prepared for the directors groups immediate response to the sale. In an e-mail me

5、ssage on Dec. 5 to its 190 members, it condemned the academy, founded in 1825, for “breaching one of the most basic and important AAMDs principles“ and called on members “to suspend any loans of works of art to and any collaboration on exhibitions with the National Academy.“Branagan, who had by that

6、 time withdrawn her membership from both groups, said she “was shocked by the tone of the letter, like we had committed some crimes.“ She called the withdrawal of loans “a death knell (丧钟声)“ for the museum, adding, “What the AAMD have done is basically shoot us while were wounded.“Beyond shaping the

7、 fate of any one museum, this exchange has sparked larger questions over a principle that has long seemed sacred. Why, several experts ask, is it so wrong for a museum to sell art from its collection to raise badly-needed funds and now that many institutions are facing financial hardship, should the

8、 ban on selling art to cover operating costs be eased?Lending urgency to the discussion are the efforts of the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles, which has one of the worlds best collections of contemporary art but whose funds is said to have shriveled(萎缩) to 6 million from more than 40 mill

9、ion over the last nine years. Wouldnt it be preferable, some people asked this month, to sell a Mark Rothko painting or a couple of Robert Rauschenbergs legendary “combines“ - the museum owns 11 - than to risk closing its doors. Finally, the museum announced 30 million donations by the billionaire E

10、li Broad last week that would prevent the sales of any artworks.Yet defenders of the prohibition warn that such sales can irreparably (不能挽回地) damage an institution. “Selling an object is a knee-jerk (下意识的)act, and it undermines core principles of a museum,“ said Michael Conforti, president of the di

11、rectors association and director of the Clark Art Institute in Williams-town, Massachusetts. “There are always other options.“The sale of artwork from a museums permanent collection, known as deaccessioning(博物馆收藏品等出售), is not illegal in the United States, provided that any terms accompanying the ori

12、ginal donation of artwork are respected. In Europe, by contrast, many museums are state-financed and prevented by national law from deaccessioning.But under the code of ethics of the American Association of Museums, the proceeds should be “used only for the acquisition, preservation, protection or c

13、are of collections.“ The code of the Association of Art Museum Directors is even stricter, specifying that funds should not be used “for purposes other than acquisitions of works of art for the collection.“Dorm Zaretsky, a New York lawyer who specializes in art cases, has sympathized with the Nation

14、al Academy, asking why a museum can sell art to buy more art but not to cover overhead costs or a much-needed education center. “Why should we automatically assume that buying art always justifies a deaccessioning, but that no other use of proceeds - no matter how important to an institutions missio

15、n-ever can“ he wrote.Even Patty Gerstenblith, a law professor at DePaul University in Chicago known for her strong standpoint on protecting cultural patrimony (祖传的财物), said her position had softened over the years. “If its really a life-or-death situation, if its a choice between selling a Rauschenb

16、erg and keeping the museum doors open, I think theres some justification for selling the painting,“ she said.But several directors drew a much harder line, noting that museums get tax-deductible donations of art and cash to safeguard art collections for the public. Selling off any holdings for profi

17、t would thus betray that trust, they say, not to mention robbing a community of art, so no exceptions for financial hardships should be allowed.Its a classic slippery slope. This thinking goes: letting one museum sell off two paintings paves the way for dozens of museums to sell off thousands of art

18、works, perhaps routinely.Deaccessioning has proven thorny for museums even when the money is directed into accepted channels like acquisitions.Sometimes the controversy centers on the irreplaceable nature of the object for sale, when Thomas Hoving, then the director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art

19、, began aggressively sorting out its collection in the early 1970s, selling high-profile paintings like Van Goghs “Olive Pickers“ and Rousseaus “Tropics“. The Metropolitan owned only one other painting by Rousseau, and the resistance was fierce.Yet critics of strict deaccessioning rules make a publi

20、c-access argument as well. “Most big museums cant show 90 percent of the objects they own - its all in storage,“ said Michael OHare, a cultural policy professor at the University of California, Berkeley. “Whats wrong with selling these objects to smaller museums or even private collectors, who are m

21、ore likely to put them on display?“At the National Academy, Branagan called deaccessinning an act of last resort, one that she would not have considered without a “long-range financial and programmatic“ plan. Branagan said she told her members as much before they voted for the sale - 181 to 2 in fav

22、or - in November:“I remember saying: unless you believe you can support sweeping change, then do not vote for deaccessioning,“ she said. “The tragedy isnt that were going to sell these four pieces. Thats not a tragedy. The tragedy would be if in 10 or 15 years we were back here having the same conve

23、rsation.“（分数：70.00）(1).From the first paragraph we know that the National Academy Museum is _. A. abundant in artworks B. expecting strong resistance C. abundant in money D. selling three paintings（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Branngan, which of the following is fatal to the National Academy Mus

24、eum? A. AAMD expressed disapproval of the National Academy Museum. B. The National Academy Museum breached one of the most important AAMDs principles. C. AAMD stopped any collaboration on exhibitions with the National Academy. D. AAMD withdrew any loans of works of art.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do w

25、e learn about the Museum of Contemporary Art from the passage? A. It has one of the worlds best collections. B. Its funds have shriveled 32 million in the past nine years. C. It is preferable to sell several paintings. D. Donations help it out of the financial hardship.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In Europe

26、, deaccessioning is _. A. legal B. legal without restriction C. illegal D. legal with restriction（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Under the code of AAMD, a museum uses its funds to _. A. acquire collections B. preserve collections C. protect collections D. repair collections（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Which of the fol

27、lowing is Donn Zaretskys attitude towards deaccessioning? A. He is waiting for a go-signal. B. He is for National Academys selling artworks. C. He assumes that deaccessioning is legal. D. He considers that covering overhead costs is important.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).According to some directors, they di

28、sagree to sell artworks to ease financial hardships because they consider _. A. museums get donations and cash B. museums sell art collections for the public C. selling art collections for profit is a robbery D. selling art collections for profit would betray the publics trust（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).If

29、 one museum sells off two paintings, then dozens of museums, perhaps routinely, maybe _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).In-the early 1970s, when Thomas Hoving began sorting out its collection, the argument focuses on the irreplaceable nature of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).If Branagan hadnt a “long-range financial an

30、d programmatic“ plan, she _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：3，分数：105.00)BDirections:/BI In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the

31、conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the cent

32、re./IBQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B （分数：56.00）(1). A. He is going to change his job. B. He doesnt want to graduate from the university. C. He can work in homeland instead of going abroad. D. He switched colleges for working abroad.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Sh

33、e has wasted much study time. B. She sleeps too much. C. Staying up is bad for health. D. She is an excellent student.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The subway station. B. The beautiful seeing sights. C. The restaurant. D. The theatre.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Andrew should have known that the house would

34、be very noisy. B. She also thinks that house is a good one. C. Andrew chose the house for the convenience of the house. D. Andrews complaint is very reasonable.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. They have just graduated from college. B. They missed each other very much. C. They didnt change too much. D. They

35、met with each other unexpectedly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. He has a bad memory. B. Pro. Li will not remember that assignments. C. He didnt finish those assignments. D. He missed home very much.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A. Giving her the wallet. B. Putting the wallet in the library. C. Trying to find any

36、clues about the owner. D. Taking all things out of the wallet.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. She will listen to the weather report. B. She will light the furnace. C. She will turn on the lights. D. She may go outside.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.BQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B

37、 （分数：28.00）(1). A. She appreciates a lot about the skin of the beauty. B. She shows jealousy about the beauty. C. She shows satisfaction to the picture. D. Make-up can turn the ugly to be the beauty.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. They tend to put lots of make-up on face. B. They will eat more cucumbers. C

38、. They tend to try natural vegetable on the skin. D. They will have some cosmetic surgery on the face.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Cucumbers are rich in water and Vitamin A. B. Cucumbers can be used to cure the scar. C. Cucumbers can reduce the wrinkles of the face. D. Cucumbers are effective in tighteni

39、ng the skin.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Try some herbal plants. B. Go to the beauty salon. C. Have a cosmetic surgery. D. Put cucumber on his face.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.BQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B （分数：21.00）(1). A. The teacher appreciated his painting very much.

40、B. The teacher advise Mark to change the color. C. They had a dispute about the choice of color. D. Mark was severely scolded by the teacher.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Insist on his own opinion. B. Add some light brown color to the painting. C. Observe the color of sunset. D. Take some painting course

41、.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. She took some painting courses. B. She consulted the painting teacher. C. She visited art museums of various countries. D. She studied the oil painting abroad.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BDirections:/BI In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At

42、the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throu

43、gh the centre./IBPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./B （分数：21.00）(1). A. They must pay off the tuition for their education. B. They must have the military training. C. They must take part in college courses. D. They must serve on active duty in the Army.（分数：7.

44、00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The foreign students should have big financial support. B. The students must satisfy physical and educational requirements. C. The students should pay the tuition all by themselves. D. The students should join the American army.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. In native government. B. In

45、West Point academy. C. In university homeland. D. At local American Embassy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.BPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./B （分数：21.00）(1). A. A hunter. B. An old woman. C. A religious worker. D. A keeper of goats.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Cut the tree d

46、own for the production. B. Peel the skin of the coffee cherry. C. Roast the beans inside the coffee cherry. D. Dry the coffee cherry out of water.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The height of the tree. B. Geography and climate difference. C. Ways of harvesting the beans. D. The temperature of roasting coff

47、ee beans.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.BPassage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B （分数：28.00）(1). A. All sorts of snakes in the world. B. How the skiers climb a slope on skies. C. The special movement of the side-winder snake. D. The direction that the side-winder follows.（分数

48、：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Because it has its name as side-winder. B. Because it lives in the slippery sandy desert. C. Because its body is very smooth. D. Because it does not adapt to the environment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Straight lines. B. Curving lines. C. Paralleled lines. D. Crowing lines.（分数：7.00）A.