大学六级-1582及答案解析.doc

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1、大学六级-1582 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.1)近年来越来越多的大学在郊区成立了分校2)分析出现这种现象的原因3)指出其可能带来的问题Universities Branch Campuses in Suburban Areas_（分数：103.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The Unpaid Intern, Legal or NotWith job openings scarce for young people, the number of un

2、paid internships has climbed in recent years, leading federal and state regulators to worry that more employers are illegally using such internships for free labor.Convinced that many unpaid internships violate minimum wage laws, officials in Oregon, California and other states have begun investigat

3、ions and fined employers. Last year, M. Patricia Smith, then New Yorks labor commissioner, ordered investigations into several firms internships. Now, as the federal Labor Departments top law enforcement official, she and the wage and hour division are stepping up enforcement nationwide.Many regulat

4、ors say that violations are widespread, but that it is unusually hard to mount a major enforcement effort because interns are often afraid to file complaints. Many fear they will become known as troublemakers in their chosen field, endangering their chances with a potential future employer.The Labor

5、 Department says it is cracking down on firms that fail to pay interns properly and expanding efforts to educate companies, colleges and students on the law regarding internships.Nancy J. Leppink, the acting director of the departments wage and hour division, said many employers failed to pay even t

6、hough their internships did not comply with the six federal legal criteria that must be satisfied for internships to be unpaid. Among those criteria are that the internship should be similar to the training given in a vocational school or academic institution, that the intern does not displace regul

7、ar paid workers and that the employer “derives no immediate advantage“ from the interns activities in other words, its largely a benevolent (慈善的) contribution to the intern.No one keeps official count of how many paid and unpaid internships there are, but Lance Choy, director of the Career Developme

8、nt Center at Stanford University, sees definitive evidence that the number of unpaid internships is mushrooming fueled by employers desire to hold down costs and students eagerness to gain experience for their resumes.In 2008, the National Association of Colleges and Employers found that 50 percent

9、of graduating students had held internships, up from 17 percent in 1992. This means hundreds of thousands of students hold internships each year; some experts estimate that one-fourth to one-half are unpaid.In California, officials have issued guidance letters advising employers whether they are bre

10、aking the law, while Oregon regulators have unearthed numerous abuses.“Weve had cases where unpaid interns really were displacing workers and where they werent being supervised in an educational capacity,“ said Bob Estabrook, spokesman for Oregons labor department. His department recently handled co

11、mplaints involving two individuals at a solar panel company who received $3,350 in back pay after claiming that they were wrongly treated as unpaid interns.Many students said they had held internships that involved noneducational menial (卑贱的) work. To be sure, many internships involve some unskilled

12、 work, but when the jobs are mostly drudgery, regulators say, it is clearly illegal not to pay interns.One Ivy League student said she spent an unpaid three-month internship at a magazine packaging and shipping 20 or 40 apparel samples a day back to fashion houses that had provided them for photo sh

13、oots.At-Little Airplane, a Manhattan childrens film company, an N.Y.U. student who hoped to work in animation during her unpaid internship said she was instead assigned to the facilities department and ordered to wipe the door handles each day to minimize the spread of swine flu. Tone Thyne, a senio

14、r producer at Little Airplane, said its internships were usually highly educational and often led to good jobs.Concerned about the effect on their future job prospects, some unpaid interns declined to give their names or to name their employers when they described their experiences in interviews.Whi

15、le many colleges are accepting more moderate- and low-income students to increase economic mobility, many students and administrators complain that the growth in unpaid internships undercuts that effort by favoring well-to-do and well-connected (出身名门的) students, speeding their climb up the career la

16、dder.Many less affluent students say they cannot afford to spend their summers at unpaid internships, and in any case, they often do not have an uncle who can connect them to a prestigious internship.Brittany Berckes, an Amherst senior who interned at a cable news station that she declined to identi

17、fy, said her parents were not delighted that she worked a summer unpaid. “Some of my friends cant take these internships and spend a summer without making any money because they have to help pay for their own tuition or help their families with finances,“ she said. “That makes them less competitive

18、candidates for jobs after graduation.“Of course, many internships paid or unpaid serve as valuable steppingstones that help young people land future jobs. “Internships have become the gateway into the white-collar work force.“ said Ross Perlin, a Stanford graduate and onetime unpaid intern who is wr

19、iting a book on the subject. “Employers increasingly want experience for entry-level jobs, and many students see the only way to get that is through unpaid internships.“Trudy Steinfeld, director of N.Y.U.s Office of Career Services, said she had to ride herd on employers to make sure their unpaid in

20、ternships were educational. She said some industries, most notably film, were known for unpaid internships, but she said other industries were embracing the practice, seeing its advantages.Dana John, an N.Y.U. senior, spent an unpaid summer at a company that books musical talent, spending much of he

21、r days photocopying, filing and responding to routine e-mail messages for her boss. “It would have been nice to be paid, but at this point, its so expected of me to do this for free,“ she said. “If you want to be in the music industry thats the way it works. If you want to get your foot in the door

22、somehow, this is the easiest way to do it. You suck it up.“The rules for unpaid interns are less strict for non-profit groups like charities because people are allowed to do volunteer work for non-profits.California and some other states require that interns receive college credit as a condition of

23、being unpaid. But federal regulators say that receiving college credit does not necessarily flee companies from paying interns, especially when the internship involves little training and mainly benefits the employer.Many employers say the Labor Departments six criteria need updating because they ar

24、e based on a Supreme Court decision from 1947, when many apprenticeships were for blue-collar production work.Camille A. Olson, a lawyer based in Chicago who represents many employers, said: “One criterion that is hard to meet and needs updating is that the intern can not perform any work to the imm

25、ediate advantage of the employer. In my experience, many employers agreed to hire interns because there is very strong mutual advantage to both the worker and the employer.“Kathyrn Edwards, a researcher at the Economic Policy Institute and co-author of a new study on internships, told of a female in

26、tern who brought a sexual harassment complaint that was dismissed because the intern was not an employee.“A serious problem surrounding unpaid interns is they are often not considered employees and therefore are not protected by employment discrimination laws,“ she said.（分数：70.00）(1).According to re

27、gulators, although illegally using internships are rampant, they have difficulty in enforcing legal standards because _.A. the laws arent clarified clearly the role of interns in the workplaceB. many unpaid interns are not willing to file complaintsC. the minimum wage laws in different states are co

28、nflictingD. many unpaid interns are afraid of troublemakers in companies（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What can we know about the six federal legal criteria on unpaid internships?A. The interns can obtain benefits from the practice.B. The interns should be given opportunity to show their talent.C. The interns

29、 can displace regular paid workers.D. The interns should do the same work as regular paid workers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Lance Choy, the number of unpaid internships is increasing fast partly because _.A. the scarce job openings strike the interns confidenceB. many employers dont realize

30、they are breaking the lawC. interns desire to gain selling-points for their resumeD. many employers grasp the mentality of interns（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The cases of the Ivy Leagued student and the N.Y.U. student are mentioned to show us that _.A. many students have realized that they are used as free

31、 laborB. many employers make an excuse for their illegal abusesC. some inexperienced students havent established correct view of occupation choiceD. some unpaid internships involving lots of unskilled work are illegal（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Many students and administrators think colleges effort to incr

32、ease economic mobility is undercut because _.A. students with good family background will be favored more from the unpaid internships than poor studentsB. most moderate-and low-income students are in fact not accepted by many collegesC. most parents are not delighted that their children work a summe

33、r unpaidD. noneducational work makes students less competitive candidates for jobs after graduation（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Which of the following industries is known for unpaid internships?A. Engineering. B. Publishing. C. Telecom. D. Film.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).What does Dana John think about her unpaid

34、 internships?A. It is a waste of time.B. It is an investment for her future.C. It gives her much fun.D. It gives her chances to know her potential future employer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Due to the academic provisions given by California and some other states, interns have to do unpaid work to get _.（分

35、数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Some employers are calling for the Labor Department to _ the six criteria.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).According to Kathyrn Edwards, not being seen as employees, interns have no fight to the protection of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).

36、A. He likes to play basketball. B. He is proud of his ability as a basketball player.C. He doesnt want to watch the basketball game.D. He is not on the basketball team.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Rent the apartment she saw first. B. Visit her new neighbors.C. Look at other apartments before deciding. D.

37、 Write a check for the rent.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The warm weather.B. Clothes to wear.C. Best material for making a dress. D. Delicious food.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Take both sweaters along. B. Choose the warmer sweater.C. Pick the brighter-colored sweater. D. Wear a heavy coat instead of a sweate

38、r.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Writing an article. B. Studying for a chemistry test.C. Shopping for shoes. D. Reading a magazine.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. She is really angry. B. She forgives the man.C. She is indifferent to it. D. She feels sorry for the mans absence（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The man has jus

39、t bought a Japanese car. B. The man has just bought a second-hand car.C. The car cost the man $10 000. D. The car needs to be repaired.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She needs a new hat and gloves.B. The weather will continue to be cold.C. She doesnt know what the weather will be like tomorrow.D. She doesn

40、t know where the man put his winter clothes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. In Italy. B. In German. C. In England. D. In Spain.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Go skiing in the Alps. B. Visit his fiends in England.C. Go shopping in London. D. Go swimming in Germany.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. By air. B. By car and plane

41、. C. By car and train. D. By car and ship.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He wants to raise a good habit. B. He wants to study full-time.C. He couldnt find a job. D. He wants to save some money for future use.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Cut out groceries. B. Stop eating lunches.C. Teach a few more students. D.

42、Cut out jewels and fur coats.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The woman is also a student. B. The woman likes to eat dessert.C. The man likes to drink and smoke. D. The man is going to lose weight.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. $4. B. $40. C. $200. D. $2,000.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage One（分

43、数：21.00）(1).A. There is few evidence proving their existence.B. They are difficult to verify due to their mobility.C. People cannot live long enough to get them.D. Current devices have limitation in locating them.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The oldest geological materials ever found are mineral grains.B

44、. You can find the oldest rocks along a nature trail or highway.C. Common rocks can only be hundreds or thousands of years old.D. The youngest rocks can be found provided there is a volcano.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They were found near Canadas Hudson Bay.B. People found them near an active volcano.C.

45、 They are samples collected in an Apollo mission.D. They are falling stones from the outer space.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage Two（分数：21.00）(1).A. Our brain. B. Our muscles and joints.C. Our eyes. D. Our skin.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The air in the car is not fresh. B. Their eyes get fatigued.C. The speed

46、 of the car is uneven. D. The signals from their eyes and ears disagree.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Sit straight and keep awake. B. Look ahead in the distance.C. Close the side window. D. Get something to eat.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage Three（分数：28.00）(1).A. Texting can result in serious accidents.B. Texti

47、ng bans may add risk to roads.C. Crashes can be avoided though you are texting.D. More people are killed by distracted driving.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To evade police, drivers may get panic-stricken when they are texting.B. Drivers tend to keep their eyes searching police when they are texting.C. Cr

48、ash rates rose more than three times after the texting bans were enacted.D. Crash rates rose in three of the four states surveyed after texting was banned.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Laws should be stricter to take real effect.B. Policymakers should find alternative methods.C. Policy should not focus on

49、 banning texting only.D. Banning texting need to be carried out in daily life.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Distracted driving-related accidents account for 60% of all traffic accidents.B. 5,474 Americans were killed and 448,000 injured in road accidents last year.C. Distracted driving is defined as operating a vehicle in an intentional manner.D. Banning texting may be more effective