大学六级-65及答案解析.doc

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1、大学六级-65 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 你是如何得知招生信息的 2. 自我推荐并说明选择该校的理由 3. 希望得到该校的回复（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BThe Power of Words: Advertising Tricks/BThe effect that words can have is incredible: to inform, persuade, hurt or ease pain, end war or star

2、t one killing thousands or even millions of people. They can get your point across, or destroy any hope of your ideas ever being understood. A major element of advertising is the words, which ones and in what order. The following is several of the specific tricks that are commonly used in advertisin

3、g.BBlack/White Trick/BThe black/white, or either/or, trick is making a statement that provides insufficient options to your argument. “Love it or leave it“ was a big slogan of the 1960s, and it sounds logical. Nevertheless, it provides no other possible options, such as“ Love it, or dont love it, st

4、ay or not, you dont have to agree with me if you dont want to. “The reason this fallacy is often called the black/white fallacy is that it denies any other choices on an issue or idea. Using it gives the impression that everything can be seen in terms of yes or no, true or false, on or off, with no

5、maybes or both true and false depending on circumstances allowed. This fallacy is particularly popular and effective in slogans like“ Love it or leave it“, “If youre not for me, youre against me“, “My country, right or wrong“. Note that all of the above actually have other options, but the statement

6、s do not allow for them.A common way in which this trick is used in advertising is by presenting two situations, one with the product and the other without. The one with the product shows circumstances that the advertiser presumes the target audience would like to be in, and vice versa for the situa

7、tion without the product. For example, you have two groups of people: the first is young, beautiful, fit, happy, fun-loving and active; the second is old, ugly, miserable, and passive. The first uses the product; the second doesnt. The assumption is that the purchase of the product makes you a membe

8、r of the first, that the absence of the product makes you the second. Since most people would rather be the first, and the product is a part of being the first, then people should buy the product. And they do.Genetic FallacyThe genetic fallacy makes a prediction about something based on where it cam

9、e from or its origins. For example, saying“ He wouldnt do that-hes from a good family“ is making a genetic fallacy. “You cant expect any better from her-shes from the slums“ is also using a genetic fallacy. Note that in neither case is there any reference to the individuals personal abilities or lac

10、k thereof; only to where they came from. In advertising, this fallacy is used often: “If its made by company,it must be good“ is an example.BWeasel/B(含糊其辞的)BWords/BWeasel words are those words that are tossed into a sentence that change the actual meaning of the sentence while leaving an impression

11、that is different. Its the easiest way to avoid having to take any responsibility for anything you say, or seem to say. For example, the sentence “Our canned corn is as good as fresh cooked corn“. The impression given is that the canned corn is as good (whatever that means) as corn on the cob(玉米穗轴)

12、right off the stalk. However, the phrase contains a weasel word:“ cooked“. Thus, the sentence actually says that the canned corn is as good as corn that has been cooked; now you need to cook it again to serve it. Note the sentence does not say that the canned corn is as good as fresh corn; its as go

13、od as fresh cooked corn.A favorite weasel word is one of the shortest: if. “If the whole wide world can enjoy use, buy, desire, etc. whatever the product is, then so can you“ says absolutely nothing about the product, or even if anyone at all enjoys uses, buys, desires, etc. the product. It simply s

14、ays “if“, applied to a totally hypothetical, nonexistent state of being.Another common way of using weasel words is using passive verb phrases. For example, instead of saying“ I think that“(active verb phrase), you can say “It would seem that“( passive verb phrase). In the first instance, ff anyone

15、challenges your statement, you need to defend your position. In the second, however, if anyone challenges you, you can avoid any responsibility for defending the statement by explaining that you only said“ it would seem that“ ,not that you agree or that the statement had any validity in the first pl

16、ace. You can duck responsibility since you never actually said its what you think, even if, at the time, it was.BDangling Comparative/BA dangling comparative is a statement which seems to be comparing one thing to another, but in actuality never actually states what the thing being compared is being

17、 compared to. What generally happens is that the comparison is left up to the audience to complete. For example,“ Our tires stop 25% faster“. Note that the statement never says what the tires stop faster than. The audience would naturally expect it to be other tires, and would mentally finish the st

18、atement“ Our tires stop 25% faster than other tires“. However, that is not what was said. The comparison is left open, and could be other tires (in which case, it would be strong6r to actually say so), but it probably isnt other tires. It could just as easily be doughnuts.BComplex Question/BA comple

19、x question is one that appears to be asking for a yes or no answer, but is in reality two yes-or-no questions that are usually contradictory. A well-known example is, “Are you still beating your wife? “It seems to be asking for a yes or no answer, but no matter how its answered, it condemns the resp

20、ondent. Answer yes, and hes still beating his wife; say no, and he used to. Another example is, “Are you still cheating on your income tax?“ Again, no matter how you answer, you cant win.BBuzz Words/BBuzz words are words that seem to say something, but what? They are extremely popular in advertising

21、. For example,“ natural“ is a big buzz word, particularly applied to food and drink. However, what exactly is“ natural“? Definitions of the word include“ produced by nature“,“ not artificial“, or “not cultivated or civilized“. Thus what does the word mean when applied to, say, beer? If a beer is nat

22、ural, is it produced by nature? That somewhere in the Amazon forest, there exists a beer tree that need merely be tapped and bottled? Unlikely; beer is produced in breweries and does not exist in nature. Is natural beer not artificial? Artificial means“ made by humans“. Since :humans make the beer i

23、n breweries(啤酒厂) ,then beer is definitely artificial. Is natural beer not cultivated or civilized? The behavior of beer drinkers is occasionally not cultivated or civilized, but beer is one of the first achievements of civilization. Then what exactly does it mean for beer to be natural? In effect, t

24、he word natural applied to any product that doesnt exist in a finished state in nature is a buzz word.Thus we can see that buzz words have little or no meaning in and of themselves. What meaning they do have is based on the connotations(言外之意)people give them (which often come from the way the people

25、 using them give them) rather than their actual denotative meanings.（分数：70.00）(1).The misunderstanding of a word could even affect the way a war ended.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The black/white trick can provide people with more than two choices for their argument.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).In case of the black/w

26、hite trick in advertising, many people would buy the product for its good quality.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).For the genetic fallacy, there is reference to the individuals personal abilities.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).In advertising the advertiser can avoid any responsibility for his statement by using _.（分数：7.00

27、）填空项 1:_(6).To say“ It would seem that“ instead of saying“ I think that“ is a common way of using weasel words with using _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).The comparison in a dangling comparative is often left _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).“Are you still beating your wife?“ is in reality two questions that are usually

28、 _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).“Natural“ is a big buzzword which usually can be found in the advertisement of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The meaning of buzz words, if they have, is based on connotations instead of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversatio

29、n you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.Drive in the wind and rain.B.Listen to John.C.Go to an indoor theater.D.See a film.A.The ladder was borrowed away at that tinge.B.The lower branches didnt have any green apples.C.The apples on the top branches werent ripe.D.There are less apples in the upper braches

30、 at that time.A.In the subway.B.In the movie house.C.In line outside.D.Somewhere else.A.Sell his text books.B.Get some extra help.C.Go to the bank.D.Apply for the jobA.Riding a horse.B.Shooting a movie.C.Playing a game.D.Apply for the jobA.Gas station.B.Police station.C.Lost and found department.D.B

31、at.A.She prefers the stadium.B.She agrees with the man.C.The light isnt bright enough.D.The dining hall isnt large enough.A.Use less soap.B.Wash off the soap more thoroughly.C.Use a moisturizing cream.D.Switch brands of soap.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21

32、.00）A.At a dentist office.B.In a school.C.In an ambulance.D.At a hospital.A.Doctors in hospital.B.Nurses in hospital.C.Patients in hospital.D.Hospital administrators.A.Because they dont get much practice with them.B.Because they often use them in their work.C.Because they have to pass a test.D.Becau

33、se they plan to become doctors.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.She saw them protesting.B.She read about them in the newspaper.C.She attended one of their meetings.D.Her roommate is a member.A.Get more funding for their group.B.Schedule a meeting with

34、college administrators.C.Secure more student parking spaces.D.Preserve an open space on campus.A.She will attend a meeting.B.She will attend the rally.C.She will go to class.D.She will go on a picnic.A.Sign a petition.B.Help the man plan a student rally.C.Use the student parking lot.D.Make a donatio

35、n to support the group.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.The weather will be clear and fine.B.Rain will probably come.C.There will be a fog.D.Fine weather will continue.A.When there is a heavy rain.B.When fine weather continu

36、es.C.When there is a fog.D.When wet weather is coming.A.The following day will be fine.B.Fine weather will continue.C.Rainy weather will probably come.D.The rain will stop.BQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.It first become serious about five years ago.B.It

37、 has finally been brought under control.C.It may lead to prosperity.D.It has been climbing.A.Its one half as much as 1976.B.Its twice as much as 1976.C.Its close to the same.D.Its two-thirds as much as 1976.A.Income tax is collected from even the poorest citizen.B.State tax is collected from even th

38、e poorest citizen.C.Social security tax is collected from even the poorest citizen.D.Sales tax is collected from even the poorest citizen.BQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.She is a housewife.B.She is a teacher.C.She is a singer.D.She is a musician.A.The v

39、iolin was too expensive.B.She was too young to play the violin.C.The violin was too big for her.D.Her mother wanted her to play the piano.A.To play the violin once again.B.To go to the United States.C.To accept a full scholarship.D.To make a tape recording.A.To live a more comfortable life.B.To give

40、 performances.C.To be a pupil of a famous violinist.D.To enter a famous university.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)The White House is the official residence of the President of the United States. It was U(36) /U by James Hoban, an Irish born U(37) /U. He based the design on certain buildings that he k

41、new in Ireland. The White House was not white at the very beginning. The location was U(38) /U by George Washington, but he never actually lived in it. The first president to live in the White House was John Adams, in 1800. During the war of 1812, the British U(39) /U Washington and burned the White

42、 House. Repairs were U(40) /U by Hoban. In 1817, President Monroe moved into the White House and had the gray sandstone painted white, to cover the smoke U(41) /U that remained after the fire. Ever since then the building which was called “the Presidents U(42) /U“, was also called “the White House“.

43、 That was kind of a U(43) /U, at that time. It wasnt until 1902 that U(44) /U. Massive repairs were done in 1947 and 1948 because parts of the building were sinking. President Truman supervised the repairs at that time.Tell me about the other homes of the President? We should not forget “Camp David“

44、. It is also an important place for the President.U (45) /U. This secluded private retreat is in Maryland, and was named by President Eisenhower after his grandson. The Camp David is also some place for events. At Camp David, U(46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_

45、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：90.00)Something weird is happening in the once marginal world of environmentalism. The green cause is no longer th9 preserve of woolly-minded liberals and fringe activists. Its tenets are being actively pursued by business leaders, stockho

46、lders and investment managers. In the popular mind-set, natural disasters such as New Orleans Hurricane Katrina and floods in Eastern Europe are now linked to a change in climate that threatens our way of life and our grand-childrens future.Environmental concerns have grown so widespread that conser

47、vative politicians once skeptical of the green movement have been reacting to the pressure. The most startling turnaround, however, is among business leaders. Corporations are giving themselves green makeovers to improve efficiency, save money and look more attractive to investors and the public. According to a recent report from the Climate Group, an international environmental charity,43 multinationals-including Bayer, BT and DuPont-saved a combined $11.6 billio