大学六级-38及答案解析.doc

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1、大学六级-38 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students on the fob Market by commenting the household proverb, “A true man loves the mountains, a wise loves the sea.“ You should write

2、at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.College Students on the Job Market（分数：103.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In, this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from th

3、e four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Supersize SurpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that its all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appea

4、ls to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it; yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the

5、past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two“reduced physical activity and increased availability of foodare not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all. Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanat

6、ions for the epidemic. Here they are.Not Enough SleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher

7、body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the st

8、udy period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7.Its well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight g

9、ain. Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the U.S. slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase

10、 in obesity.Climate ControlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代谢) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless

11、we are in the “thermo-neutral zone“, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.There is no denying that ambient temperatures (环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13 to 18. In the U. S., the changes have been at

12、 the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditionings rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern stateswhere obesity rates tend to be highestthe number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer

13、and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it doesat least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.Less SmokingBad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting reall

14、y does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and his colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calcul

15、ated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likel

16、y to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28% of smokers.Genetic EffectsYour chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even born. Children of o

17、bese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grand-children

18、 of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normallyso your fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.A Little Older.Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US national center for health statistics found that

19、adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obese, and black women have twice the risk.In the US, these groups account fo

20、r an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%. The proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to 12.3%. These changes may account in

21、 part for the increased prevalence of obesity.Mature MumsMothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a frist child is 27.3. Compared with 23.7 in 1970, mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000. This would be nei

22、ther here nor there if it werent for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart, lung and blood institutes study found that the odds of a child being obese increase by 14% for every five extra years of their moth

23、ers age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the university of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an

24、 average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.7. In the US in 1976, 9. 6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. This combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.Like Marrying LikeJust as people pair of

25、f according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with othersparticularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have

26、 more childrenit amplifies the increase from other causes.（分数：70.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about? A. Effects of obesity on peoples health. B. The link between lifestyle and obesity. C. New explanations for the obesity epidemic. D. Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D

27、.(2).In the US Nurses Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night _. A. gained the least weight B. were inclined to eat less C. found their vigor enhanced D. were less susceptible to illness（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The popular belief about obesity is that _. A. it makes us sleepy B. it c

28、auses sleep loss C. it increases our appetite D. it results from lack of sleep（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How does indoor heating affect our life? A. It makes us stay indoors more. B. It accelerates our metabolic: rate. C. It makes us feel more energetic. D. It contributes to our weight gain.（分数：7.00）A.B.C

29、.D.(5).What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers? A. It threatens their health. B. It heightens their spirits. C. It suppresses their appetite. D. It slows down their metabolism.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Flegals study? A.

30、Heavy smokers. B. Passive smokers. C. Those who never smoke. D. Those who quit smoking.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is the result of _. A. the growing number of smokers among young people B. the rising proportion of m

31、inorities in its population C. the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods D. the improving living standards of the poor people（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers children tend to be obese remains _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).

32、According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).When two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Di

33、rections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the p

34、ause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. Fred forgot to call him last night about the camping trip. B. He is not going to lend his s

35、leeping bag to Fred. C. He has not seen Fred at the gym for sometime. D. Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Summer has become hotter in recent years. B. It will cool down a bit over the weekend. C. Swimming in a pool has a relaxing effect. D. He hopes th

36、e weather forecast is accurate.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Taking a picture of Prof. Brown. B. Commenting on an oil-painting. C. Hosting a TV program. D. Staging a performance.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. She can help the man take care of the plants. B. Most plants grow better in direct sunlight. C. The pl

37、ants need to be watered frequently. D. The plants should be placed in a shady spot.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Change to a more exciting channel. B. See the movie some other time. C. Go to bed early. D. Stay up till eleven.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Both of them are laymen of modern art. B. She

38、 has beamed to appreciate modern sculptures. C. Italian artists works are difficult to understand. D. Modern artists are generally considered weird.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. They seem satisfied with what they have done. B. They have called all club members to contribute. C. They think the day can be

39、called a memorable one. D. They find it hard to raise money for the hospital.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The man shouldnt hesitate to take the course. B. The man should talk with the professor first. C. The course isnt open to undergraduates. D. The course will require a lot of reading.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D

40、.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Current trends in economic development. B. Domestic issues of general social concern. C. Stories about Britains relations with other nations. D. Conflicts and compromises among political parties.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D

41、.(2). A. Based on the poll of public opinions. B. By interviewing people who file complaints. C. By analyzing the domestic and international situation. D. Based on public expectations and editors judgment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Underlying rules of editing. B. Practical experience. C. Audiences fee

42、dback. D. Professional qualifications.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. The average life span was less than 50 years. B. It was very common for them to have 12 children. C. They retired from work much earlier than today. D. They

43、were quite optimistic about their future.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Get ready for ecological changes. B. Adapt to the new environment. C. Learn to use new technology. D. Explore ways to stay young.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. When all women go out to work. B. When family planning is enforced. C. When a wo

44、rld government is set up. D. When all people become wealthier.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Eliminate poverty and injustice. B. Migrate to other planets. C. Control the environment. D. Find inexhaustible resources.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3

45、 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B), C)and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 wit

46、h a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. To help young people improve their driving skills. B. To alert teenagers to the dangers of reckless driving. C. To teach young people road manners through videotapes. D. T

47、o show teens the penalties imposed on careless drivers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Road accidents. B. Street violence. C. Drug abuse. D. Lung cancer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. It has changed teens way of life. B. It has made teens feel like adults. C. It has accomplished its objective. D. It has been sup

48、ported by parents.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Customers may get addicted to the smells. B. Customers may be misled by the smells. C. It hides the defects of certain goods. D. It gives rise to unfair competition.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Flexible. B. Critical. C. Supportive. D. Cautious.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The flower scent stimulated peoples desire to buy. B. Stronger smells h