BFT阅读（综合）-试卷39及答案解析.doc

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1、BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 39 及答案解析(总分：56.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 3(总题数：4，分数：56.00)The opinion of many engineers is that the architects that designed the New York World Trade Center Twin Towers did a good job in designing the buildings. The buildings were safe from the hazards envisioned at the time. Indeed, they w

2、ere designed to withstand the force of aircraft that might crash into them. They were not, however, designed to withstand the effects of the very high temperatures generated by the ignition of tons of aviation fuel carried by the aircraft. Steel lightly covered with concrete is the main structural c

3、omponent of the towers and steel loses a lot of structural strength when heated to 1,100 degrees Centigrade and beyond, as it was. To shield the steel the towers beams were coated with a few centimeters of concrete. That insulation was to provide structural integrity for at least 1 hour of fire. The

4、 towers met that test. The south tower lasted 62 minutes. The north, 103 minutes. Tragedy followed when not all could escape prior to the collapse. Most experts agree that the Twin Towers were very well-designed. Many also agree that the people planning the attacks were very knowledgeable and aimed

5、the aircraft at a height that would effect the most damage. The aircraft crash and the resulting fuel fed fires were aimed at about the 90th floor. That was just high enough to insure that the upper floors would weaken with the heat and crack down, dropping into the remaining part of the building. T

6、he mass of the falling top floors created such a falling load that some experts estimate it exceeded by 5 to 10 times normal bearing loads. The effect was like a giant hammer, each floor contributing more weight to be born by the next floor down. Were the Trade Towers well designed? Engineers say ye

7、s. But the public believes that architects will never again design a tall building without considering the effects of terrorist attacks of all potential kinds. That not only includes the ability of the structure to withstand attack but the means to allow the buildings occupants to escape in time to

8、survive.（分数：14.00）(1).This passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.the whole process of aircraft in September 11B.the design of New York World Trade Center Twin TowersC.how the terrorists attacked the Twin TowersD.what caused the attack of the Twin Towers(2).Many engineers after September 11 believe th

9、at the Twin Towers were well designed because _.（分数：2.00）A.they were designed by the world-famous architectsB.they could withstand any natural hazards such as earthquake or volcanoC.they had an elegant appearance until they were destroyedD.they could withstand aircraft crashing into it(3).The word “

10、withstand“ in the first paragraph means _.（分数：2.00）A.resistB.enlargeC.lessenD.regain(4).According to the passage, those who designed the towers could have done better if_.（分数：2.00）A.the towers may withstand the force of aircraftB.the engineers take the effects of the very high temperatures on the st

11、ructure into considerationC.the towers held stable until all of the people inside managed to escapeD.the collapse of the towers may be avoided(5).Which one is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Most experts agree that the Twin Towers were well designed.B.The aircraft crash were aimed at ab

12、out the 90th floor.C.Those who directed the attack know little about the towers.D.The time that the two towers lasted during the attack varies.(6).The part of the building below 90th floor_.（分数：2.00）A.was immune to the attackB.was chosen as the attack aimC.cracked down because of fireD.was hammered

13、down by the falling upper part(7).The author believes that the Twin Towers _.（分数：2.00）A.was well-designedB.was not well-designedC.sets a good example for engineers in the futureD.was a total failure in designingA great deal of the early part of humanitys long struggle to measure time amounted to try

14、ing to decide what exactly it was that should be measured. The basic unit of time was the day from sunrise to sunset. The Egyptians were the first to break the day into 12 equal parts, giving us the forerunner of todays hours. It was into that world of “natural time“, based on the suns march across

15、the sky and varying with the seasons, that the first mechanical timepieces were introduced in 13th-century Europe. At odds with the conception of time as something that flows, with the introduction of the first clocks came the idea of measuring time by splitting it into discrete chunks and counting

16、them. That the early clocks were highly unreliable was of little consequence because they could be checked and adjusted regularly by reference to the sun. So despite the technology, time still depended on the sun, and still varied from season to season. The “time“ given by a mechanical device was no

17、t considered to be the real time and had to be indicated as such, by means of the phrase “of the clock“, later abbreviated to “oclock“. Underlying the development of ever more accurate clocks came a new conception of time as something that flows of its own accord, in a uniform fashion, independent o

18、f the rotation of the earth or its motion around the sun. This view of time has become so ingrained that it is hard to step back and realize that time is a human invention, something that exists, in a practical sense, only by virtue of the machines we develop to “measure“ it.(In fact, the thing we a

19、re measuring is created by the devices that do the measurement.) Another development in the ever-changing concept of time was brought about by the growth of the railways in the 19th century, particularly in North America. With reliable clocks, it was possible for people within towns to synchronise t

20、heir daily activities. Rail travel necessitated coordination of all those different local times. The end result of this change is our system of time zones, with a uniform notion of time within each zone. After two thousand years, a completely abstract, human-made notion of time had been put in place

21、. Human life would never be the same.（分数：14.00）(1).This text is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.the evolutionary perspective of timeB.the history of clocksC.time measurement in ancient daysD.the importance of time measurement(2).Which one is true about peoples idea about time before first clock appeared?（

22、分数：2.00）A.The day can be broken into 24 equal parts.B.People were not sure what should be measured.C.The Europeans were the first to divide the day into several parts.D.None of the above.(3).Which one of the following is true about the early clocks?（分数：2.00）A.They were independent on the suns moveme

23、nt.B.Time they kept does not vary with the seasons.C.They measured time as separate entities.D.They measured time as a continuum.(4).The origin of the word “oclock“ conveys the notion that_.（分数：2.00）A.time given by the clock was the real timeB.time is impossible to measureC.time does not really exis

24、tD.time is not constant(5).After more accurate clocks are invented, people form a new conception of time that_.（分数：2.00）A.time is a human inventionB.time exists only by virtue of machines to measure itC.time is independent of the rotation of earth or its motion around the sunD.time came into being o

25、nly after humans came along(6).The word “synchronise“ in Paragraph 5 probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.to cause to occur or operate at the same timeB.to make colorful or interestingC.to ensure the punctualityD.to take it for granted(7).The growth of the railways in the 19th century contributed to which of

26、 the following statements?（分数：2.00）A.The conception of time as something that flows of its own accord.B.The creation of a more accurate clock.C.Coordination of different local times.D.All of the above.The human eye is still uncivilized. Thousands of years ago poets made up songs and chanted them for

27、 eager ears. These songs were handed down by word of mouth. For a long time they were not written, since no one, a song maker or a listener, thought of writing books. When writing was finally developed, it was used very little at first. Only a few precious records were carved on stone. Eventually, m

28、en began to use less bulky writing materials skins and various paper like fibers, such as the Egyptian papyrus. For hundreds of years, everything was written by hand. Printing was invented by Chinese, and was first used in Europe in the twelfth century. It was not until 1475, however, shortly before

29、 Columbus sailed for America, that William Caxton printed first book in English. Even after that, books were so rare that few people used their eyes for reading. Not until much later did they become concerned about how to prevent their eyes from getting tired when reading. Your eyes get tired for se

30、veral reasons. If you spend only five minutes reading your eyes may make over one thousand separate stops and starts as they move across the page. These many and rapid movements often tire your eyes. It is also more tiring to do close work than to look in the distance. When you read or write, certai

31、n eye muscles tighten up or contract, when you look in the distance, these eye muscles can relax, and that rests them. When you looked at the title of this article, perhaps you asked, what is reading hygiene? Hygiene tells us how to live comfortably and healthfully, it helps us to make the best use

32、of our bodies. Reading hygiene tells us how to make the best use of our eyes how to prevent eyestrain and how to read more comfortably. When you misuse your eyes, they let you know in various ways. Your eyes may hurt and your eyelids become red. You may not be able to see clearly. You may have heada

33、ches, feel dizzy, or be uncomfortable in other ways. Every day you have many opportunities to use your eyes wisely and well.（分数：14.00）(1).What is the proper title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Functions of Eye.B.The History of Eye Civilization.C.Reading Hygiene.D.Writing and Reading.(2).What does “

34、bulky“(Line 2, Para. 2)refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Clumsy.B.Expensive.C.Available.D.Stiff.(3).Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Printing was first invented by Chinese.B.Shortly after Columbus sailed for America, English printed its first book.C.Before writing was

35、 developed, nothing was carved on stone.D.Thousands of years ago, songs were chanted for recording.(4).Peoples eyes are easily get tired on many occasions EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.when eyes makes many and rapid movementsB.long time readingC.doing close workD.looking in the distance(5).People began to lea

36、rn reading hygiene _.（分数：2.00）A.to develop a right reading methodB.when books become more commonC.to save more timeD.to make eyes more civilized(6).When people do close work, _.（分数：2.00）A.they look far awayB.their eyes get relaxedC.their body muscles contractD.they get eyestrain easily(7).Which of t

37、he following is NOT a symptom of eye abuse?（分数：2.00）A.Red eyelids.B.Headache.C.Stomachache.D.Dizziness.For much of the past decade, American and British scientists have been annoyed by the phenomenon known as the French Paradox. Nutritionally speaking, the French have been getting away with murder:

38、they eat all the butter, cream, foie gras, pastry and cheese that their hearts desire, and yet their rates of obesity and heart disease are much lower than ours. The French eat three times as much saturated animal fat as Americans do, and only a third as many die of heart attacks. Its maddening. Baf

39、fled, scientists struggled to come up with a few hypotheses: maybe it was something in the red wine, they said. But while winemakers worldwide celebrated that news, more sober research has suggested that any alcohol whether Lafite Rothschild, a banana daiquiri or a cold Bud pretty much has the same

40、nice, relaxing effect. So while a little wine is apt to do you good, the French arent so special in having a drink now and then(though the fact that they drink wine moderately and slowly with meals, instead of downing shots at the bar, could make a difference). After the wine argument, scientists ve

41、ntured that it must be the olive oil that keeps the French healthy. But this doesnt explain the butter or brie. Then, voila, French scientist Serge Renaud(made famous on “60 Minutes“ as an expert on the French Paradox)said its the foie gras that melts away cholesterol. This, too, is dicey: while peo

42、ple in Toulouse the fattened force-fed duck-liver-eating area of France-do indeed have one of the lowest rates of heart disease in the developed world, they actually only eat the delicacy about six times a year. And theyre a lot more likely to die of stroke than we are anyway. Other researchers, per

43、haps sponsored by the garlic and onion industry, suggested that the French Paradox effect is due to garlic and onions. Claude Fischler, a nutritional sociologist at INSERM, the French equivalent of Americas National Institutes of Health, says all these single hypotheses are more wishful thinking tha

44、n science. Last May, researchers writing in the British Medical Journal came up with the least cheerful hypothesis of all. They argued that its just a matter of time before the French who are in fact eating more hamburgers and French fries these days catch up with Americans, and begin suffering the

45、same high rates of cardiovascular disease. These researchers, Malcolm Law and Nicholas Wald, call this the “ time lag explanation“ for the French Paradox. As far as they are concerned, the McDonaldization(this is a French catch all term for the importation of fast food and other American cultural ho

46、rrors)of France will continue at a frantic pace, and it is as inevitable that Frenchmen will start keeling over of heart attacks as it is that Frenchwomen will eventually wear jean shorts and marshmallow tennis shoes on the streets of Paris.（分数：14.00）(1).What is French Paradox according to the text?

47、（分数：2.00）A.The French eat more nutritious food than Americans.B.Few French die of heart attacks each year.C.The French are much less likely to suffer heart disease than Americans although they eat lots of fatty food.D.The French are as likely to die of heart attacks as Americans although they eat le

48、ss fatty food.(2).According to the passage, which of the following statement is FALSE?（分数：2.00）A.The French drink more wine than people elsewhere.B.The French wine has similar relaxing effect to any other wine.C.Research shows that a little wine will benefit people.D.The French drink wine in a diffe

49、rent manner from people from other countries.(3).The word “dicey“ in Paragraph 3 probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.uncertainB.strangeC.satisfactoryD.interesting(4).In authors opinion, the French Paradox has something to do with _.（分数：2.00）A.red wineB.olive oilC.garlic and onionD.none of the above(5).Which is FALSE about “Serge Renaud“?（分数：2.00）A.He is an expert on French Paradox.B.He is a nutritional sociologist at INSERM.C.He believes that cholesterol is melted away by foie gras.D.The author