2015年3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2015 年 3 月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案解析(总分：212.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING TEST(总题数：8，分数：80.00)1.SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST_2.Part A Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you hav

2、e heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE._Global warming? You may accept or reject those who say it is a dangerous phenomenon. But if the planet is warming, and humanity is contributing to it, shouldnt some

3、one be 1? If the Earth is, in fact, engaged in a long-term warming cycle? And if humanity is partly responsible 2? Possible solutions to global warming range from the simple to the complex, from changing 3to engineering giant reflectors in space. The most talked about solutions involve expanded use

4、of 4, and less reliance on fossil fuels. Volcanoes, forest fires, ocean and atmospheric variability are 5that change climate conditions. Might nature correct the warming trend itself? Climate scientists say that it seems very unlikely. 6. Science gives us likelihood. We think that its likely that 7o

5、f the last few decades isnt due to the usual causes such as changes 8, changes in the sun, volcanoes, but its due primarily to humans 9. John Topping of the nonprofit Climate Institute says it will be 10, not governments, coming up with solutions. He argues that we need to 11in the direction of emer

6、ging clean energy technologies and part of thats going to happen because we, as consumers, step forward and we are conscious 12to get more energy-efficient products. Higher gas prices are making 13more attractive to consumers. Building and home constructions are becoming more energy efficient. Clima

7、te change is 14. But climate change also provides an opportunity for countries 15, and the only way to advance much globally, is to look at approaches that protect the environment at the same time that they 16. Wider application of renewable energy resources could reduce greenhouse gases and 17. Som

8、e scientists are suggesting grander solutions, involving 18: building huge sunshades in space, for example, tinkering with clouds to make them 19, perhaps tricking oceans into soaking up 20.（分数：40.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空

9、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_4.Part B Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and c

10、hoose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET._A.Quitting drinking.B.Treating drug addiction.C.Getting rid of smoking.D.Hypnotizing for medical purposes.A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Unknown.A.Acupu

11、ncture.B.Hypnotization.C.Psychotherapy.D.Physiotherapy.A.She lives with her husband and two daughters.B.She has been married for just a couple of years.C.Shes a full-time housewife with no kids.D.Shes a single mother with a 12-year-old son.A.Three.B.Two.C.One.D.Half a year.A.0.4%.B.0.7%.C.1.1%.D.1.7

12、%.A.$8 billion.B.$18 billion.C.Over 90%.D.Three-quarters.A.Start afresh an era for a vibrant auto production base in Australia.B.Reduce the costs to make Australia an attractive auto-making base.C.Cut 2500 jobs in its Australian plants before the end of this year.D.Stop making cars and engines in Au

13、stralia by the end of 2017.A.Its jobless rate is 12 % at present.B.1. 38 million people are officially jobless.C.The number of people out of work is 1. 9 million.D.Its unemployment rate is expected to drop further.A.She drove the wrong way on freeways and caused an accident.B.She ran down six people

14、 in drunk driving on a “girls night out“.C.She did killing under the influence of alcohol and drugs.D.She got involved in a horrific drug crime in Los Angeles.A.In his early childhood.B.In late 1965.C.In the early 90s.D.In the 21st century.A.The boy had sold one of his paintings.B.The boy had found

15、a special training method.C.The boy could give his father an art lesson.D.The boy could draw better than his father.A.He learnt a variety of artistic styles and created one of his own.B.He copied paintings of different artistic styles by way of tracing.C.He taught himself painting using methods that

16、 are different from others.D.He had been tutored by an artist when he was only four years old.A.She was a commercial artist all her life.B.She was constantly creating something.C.She was not as encouraging as her husband.D.She outlived her husband for five years.A.Working with a grocery store.B.Cook

17、ing pizza.C.Acting in a drama.D.Editing a newspaper.A.Globalization and exporting activities.B.Different types of overseas markets.C.Different relationships between export and import.D.The transition from export marketing to global marketing.A.The overall investment costs are low.B.It is common to u

18、se agents, but not distributers.C.All sales centers are in home markets.D.Management is centered on the overseas base.A.The investment is not so high as export marketing.B.There is much more employment of home management.C.Production has expanded to overseas markets.D.Local management is not respons

19、ible for making a profit.A.The business is established in all major world markets.B.The brand name or names are international.C.The business has a global identity.D.The business has cost centers all over the world.A.Export marketing.B.International marketing.C.Global marketing.D.Its not mentioned in

20、 the talk.二、READING TEST(总题数：5，分数：50.00)5.SECTION 2 READING TESTDirections: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the ba

21、sis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.（分数：10.00）_Since a gigantic Sainsbury is my local corner shop, I have a purseful of those coupons: “Heres l. 45 off your next visit“, etc. But lately

22、 Ive felt 1 deserve another voucher: “Heres a tax rebate on the cash you pay our low-paid workers so they can subsist. “ The chances are they couldnt get by without you. A survey of Sainsbury employees by Unite last year found that 60% relied upon government working tax credits to top up their salar

23、ies. Even so, in the previous six months, a third had resorted to borrowing money to settle their bills. Low pay is always seen as a leftie, bleeding-heart issue. Poor oppressed workers. Aux barricades! Rather it should raise the blood pressure of every taxpayer. The constant conniptions of supermar

24、kets competing for market share, discounting their rivals, fighting off the German upstarts Aldi and Lidl, distract from the fact that they are vastly wealthy. Sainsburys underlying profits for 2012-13 were 758 million: these have trebled in a decade. Who could begrudge Sainsburys new CEO Mike Coupe

25、 his 900,000 basic salary, if only he paid all his 157,000 retail staff enough to live on without you and me chipping in? But he doesnt and, bizarrely, no one is inclined to make him. Voters abhor a high welfare bill or the notion that benefits arc rising faster than wages. But if the chancellor wan

26、ted to take 300 a year from every low-paid household, 490 from families with children, could he not at least have added: “I call upon our friends in business to make up the difference: to help cut the welfare bill, by paying all their employees a living wage. “ Because the problem is not just soarin

27、g welfare but stagnating wages. For the first time in British history, the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs. In the last decade, food bills have increased by 44% , energy costs more than doubled, but even now that the economy has rallied, wages have barely picked up. Now 5.

28、2 million of the workforce are paid below a rate at which decent life is sustainable. And since, without government support, families on minimum wage would barely be able to feed their children, in-work benefits cost taxpayers 28 billion a year. During the Tory and Labour conferences, much was said

29、about “political disconnect“ the angry distrust voters feel towards the major Westminster parties. It was ascribed to ideological differences on Europe. But deep down, its about money, stupid. Life is a trudge and people see no one capable of lightening their step. The idea that prosperity should be

30、 shared, increased productivity linked to wages, fell apart in the 1980s. As Warren Buffett said recently, the class war was won “by my class, the rich class“. Employees know that even low-paid jobs are precious, that if they contemplate something as audaciously retro as striking, a pool of labour c

31、ould rush to take their place. Companies relish their upper hand, play the austerity card during pay rounds even now times are better. When the retailer Next was asked why, despite record profits, its wages were still below the living wage, it replied that since 30 people applied for every job adver

32、tised, how could it be paying too little? While the executive googles ski-breaks in Verbier, the cleaner emptying his bin walks to work to save on bus fares. The low-paid dont merely have less stuff: they have less stable relationships and weaker health. Are their struggles invisible to those who pa

33、y their terrible salaries, or do they not care? I was encouraged to read in the report by the Living Wage Commission that not all lack heart. Sir John Bond, then chairman of HSBC, was moved by a speech from a Canary Wharf cleaner. Both then introduced the living wage. Indeed Guy Stallard of KPMG, wh

34、ose company has paid it since 2006, says staff turnover is lower and morale up. Give people the means to be fully human and they will be loyal. Now eight companies on the FTSE 100 index pay the living wage. But in retail, which has the biggest proportion of low-paid workers, not a single high street

35、 name has signed up. These days our only political muscle is as consumers, choosing Fairtrade, making ethical investments. And there would be great kudos for the first of the big four supermarkets who stopped sitting on its mega-profits while adding staff wage bills to the welfare tab.（分数：10.00）(1).

36、Why does the author say that low pay of supermarket workers “should raise the blood pressure of every taxpayer“(para. 1)?（分数：2.00）A.Because the low-paid workers would pay less income tax.B.Because the tax office would give them more tax credits.C.Because the supermarket employees could only get by w

37、ith customers.D.Because taxpayers would have to pay more for their in-work benefits.(2).What does the author imply when she says that “the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs“ for the first time in British history(para. 3)?（分数：2.00）A.Unemployment remains a major issue in the U.

38、 K.B.Employment is the key to eradicate poverty.C.Instead of unemployment, low wages become the major issue.D.Social welfare is always connected to employees income.(3).The author introduced Warren Buffet in paragraph 4 to illustrate that_.（分数：2.00）A.a companys success is mainly attributable to its

39、top executivesB.workers wages are no longer closely related to increased productivityC.in the Western world today the rich people win the war against the poorD.people with low pay should not resort to striking(4).What is the argument of the retailer Next?（分数：2.00）A.As too many people applied for eve

40、ry job advertised, the pay could not be low.B.Record profits have already shown that workers got their living wage.C.If fewer people apply for jobs advertised, then they will consider raising salaries.D.The retailer has to play the austerity card even in better time.(5).Which of the following best s

41、hows the authors attitude towards the issue of supermarkets employees low wages?（分数：2.00）A.Indifferent, neutral, and matter-of-fact.B.Sympathetic, argumentative, and suggestive.C.Vehement, antagonistic, and opposing.D.Political, negotiating, and diplomatic.When young college graduates decide where t

42、o move, they are not just looking at the usual suspects, like New York, Washington and San Francisco. Other cities are increasing their share of these valuable residents at an even higher rate and have reached a high overall percentage, led by Denver, San Diego, Nashville, Salt Lake City and Portlan

43、d, Ore. , according to a report published Monday by City Observatory, a new think tank. And as young people continue to spurn the suburbs for urban living, more of them are moving to the very heart of cities. The number of college-educated people age 25 to 34 living within three miles of city center

44、s has surged, up 37 % since 2000. Some cities are attracting young talent while their overall population falls, like Pittsburgh and New Orleans. And in a reversal, others that used to be magnets, like Atlanta and Charlotte, are struggling to attract them at the same rate. Even as Americans over all

45、have become less likely to move, young, college educated people continue to move at a high clipabout a million cross state lines each year. Where they end up provides a map of the cities that have a chance to be the economic powerhouses of the future. “There is a very strong track record of places t

46、hat attract talent becoming places of long-term success,“ said economist Edward Glaeser, “The most successful economic development policy is to attract and retain smart people and then get out of their way. “ The economic effects reach beyond the work the young people do, according to economist Enri

47、co Moretti, For every college graduate who takes a job in an innovation industry, he found, five additional jobs are eventually created in that city. “Its a type of growth that feeds on itselfthe more young workers you have, the more companies are interested in locating their operations in that area and the more young people are going to move there,“ he said. About 25% more young college graduates live in major metropolitan areas today than in 2000, which is