【考研类试卷】2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案解析.doc
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1、2019 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:180 分钟)一、Section I Use of Eng(总题数:1,分数:10.00)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. ( ) ,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it ( ) .As for me, weighing myself every da
2、y caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing ( ) on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of ( ) the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conficted wit
3、h how I needed to train to ( ) my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate ( ) of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight ( ) altering your training program. The most (
4、 ) changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lostFor these ( ) , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule ( ) . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto( ) my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to ob
5、serve and ( ) any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to ( ) my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in ( ) to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but Im constantly ( ) and dropping weight, this is a ( ) that I need to incr
6、ease my daily caloric intake.The ( ) to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. Im experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a ( ) morming weigh-in. Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my spe
7、cific ftness goals, ( ) Im training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than ( ) over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.(分数:10.0)(1).(分数:0.5)A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides(2).(分数:0.5)A.caresB.warnsC.r
8、educesD.helps(3).(分数:0.5)A.solelyB.occasionallyC.formallyD.initially(4).(分数:0.5)A.loweringB.explainingC.acceptingD.recording(5).(分数:0.5)A.setB.reviewC.reachD.modify(6).(分数:0.5)A.depictionB.distributionC.predictionD.definition(7).(分数:0.5)A.regardless ofB.aside fromC.along withD.due to(8).(分数:0.5)A.ri
9、gidB.preciseC.immediateD.orderly(9).(分数:0.5)A.judgmentsB.reasonsC.methodsD.claims(10).(分数:0.5)A.thoughB.againC.indeedD.instead(11).(分数:0.5)A.trackB.overlookC.concealD.report(12).(分数:0.5)A.approve ofB.hold ontoC.account forD.depend on(13).(分数:0.5)A.shareB.adjustC.confirmD.prepare(14).(分数:0.5)A.featur
10、esB.rulesC.testsD.results(15).(分数:0.5)A.anxiousB.hungryC.sickD.bored(16).(分数:0.5)A.secretB.beliefC.signD.principle(17).(分数:0.5)A.necessityB.decisionC.wishD.request(18).(分数:0.5)A.surprisingB.restrictingC.consumingD.disappointing(19).(分数:0.5)A.becauseB.unlessC.untilD.if(20).(分数:0.5)A.dominatingB.puzzl
11、ingC.triumphingD.obsessing二、Section II Reading C(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part A(总题数:4,分数:40.00)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say “I
12、m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends - and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply
13、 uncomfortable- its the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia,
14、adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary - feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And quilt ,
15、 by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti , a psycholog
16、y professor at the University of Toronto ,suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that sh
17、ortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa : High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympath
18、y level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The gu
19、ilt-prone ones share more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news,” Malti says, “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”(分数:10)(1).Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _.(分数:2)A
20、.regulate a childs basic emotionsB.improve a childs intellectual abilityC.foster a childs moral developmentD.intensify a childs positive feelings(2).According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _.(分数:2)A.deceptiveB.burdensomeC.addictiveD.inexcusable(3).Vaish holds that the rethin
21、king about guilt comes from an awareness that _.(分数:2)A.emotions are context-independentB.emotions are socially constructiveC.emotional stability can benefit healthD.an emotion can play opposing roles(4).Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _.(分数:2)A.may help correct emotional de
22、ficienciesB.can result from either sympathy or guiltC.can bring about emotional satisfactionD.may be the outcome of impulsive acts(5).The word “transgressions” (Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to _.(分数:2)A.TeachingsB.discussionsC.RestrictionsD.wrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and
23、 one of the harder callenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than
24、they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap - but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks“ long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. Califormia is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts
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