【考研类试卷】2016年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2016年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.the One Million Strong Initiative（分数：2.00）_3.crowdfunding（分数：2.00）_4.makerspace（分数：2.00）_5.The Caspian Sea（分数：2.00）_6.Coalbed Gas（分数：2.00）_7.TPP（分数：2.00）_8.intelligent vehicles（分数：2.00）_9.CFDA（分数：2.00）_10.Securities and Exch

2、ange Commission (SEC)（分数：2.00）_11.land reclamation（分数：2.00）_12.Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)（分数：2.00）_13.Computer-generated Imagery (CGI)（分数：2.00）_14.Preclinical Medicine（分数：2.00）_15.ISIS（分数：2.00）_16.Toastmasters International（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.联合国绿色气候基金（分数：2.00）_众包_20.骨质疏松（分数：2.00）_21.中国人民对

3、外友好协会（分数：2.00）_22.亚投行（分数：2.00）_23.二孩政策（分数：2.00）_24.涨停板（分数：2.00）_25.精准扶贫（分数：2.00）_26.马太效应（分数：2.00）_27.量子通信（分数：2.00）_28.“大众创业，万众创新”（分数：2.00）_29.无人机（分数：2.00）_30.古装玄幻剧（分数：2.00）_31.可兰经（分数：2.00）_32.水浒传（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young

4、 there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved

5、whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome itso at least it seems to me is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the uni

6、versal life. An individual human existence should be like a riversmall at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break

7、, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will b

8、e not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.（分数：2.00）_35.Science finds order and meaning in our experience, and sets about this in quite a different way. It sets

9、about it as Newton did in the story which he himself told in his old age, and of which the school-books give only a caricature. In the year 1665, when Newton was twenty-two, the plague broke out in southern England, and the University of Cambridge was closed. Newton, therefore, spent the next eighte

10、en months at home, removed from traditional learning, at a time when he was impatient for knowledge and, in his own phrase, “I was in the prime of my age for invention.“ In this eager, boyish mood, sitting one day in the garden of his widowed mother, he saw an apple fall. So far the books have the s

11、tory right; we think we even know the kind of apple; tradition has it that it was a Flower of Kent. But now they miss the crux of the story. For what struck the young Newton at the sight was not the thought that the apple must be drawn to the earth by gravity; that conception was older than Newton.

12、What struck him was the conjecture that the same force of gravity, which reaches to the top of the tree, might go on reaching out beyond the earth and its air, endlessly into space. Gravity might reach the moon; this was Newtons new thought; and it might be gravity that holds the moon in her orbit.

13、There and then he calculated what force from the earth would hold the moon, and compared it with the known force of gravity at tree height. The forces agreed; Newton says laconically, “ I found the answer pretty nearly.“ Yet they agreed only nearly: the likeness and the approximation go together, fo

14、r no likeness is exact. In Newtons science modern science is full grown.（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.中国政府建设贯通欧、亚、非的海陆“丝绸之路”的愿景引起了越来越多的国际关注。2013 年秋，习近平主席分别在出访中亚和东南亚时提出，要建设联通欧亚大陆的丝绸之路经济带，以及连接中国和世界的 21世纪海上丝绸之路。这两个愿景提出了物流和交通建设的远景规划，以促进贸易、投资、资金流动、旅游和人员交流。加上已经规划的中巴经济走廊和连接中国西南和东南亚及南亚东部地区的经济带(尤其是孟中印缅经济走廊)，这些远景规划有望把“

15、新丝路”战略覆盖的 60多个经济体更加紧密地联系起来。（分数：2.00）_38.“蜀国多仙山，峨眉邈难匹。”中国唐代大诗人李白对峨眉山的咏叹，至今仍穿越时空，余音袅袅。峨眉山高出五岳、秀甲天下，山势雄伟、气象万千，素有“一山有四季，十里不同天”之妙喻。集自然风光与佛教文化为一体，著名的旅游胜地和佛教名山，1996 年 12月 6日列入世界文化与自然遗产名录。“仙山佛国”“植物王国”“动物乐园”“地质博物馆”峨眉以优美的自然风光、悠久的佛教文化、丰富的动植物资源、独特的地质地貌享誉世界，千百年来香火旺盛，游人络绎。 峨眉，一个来了就不想走的地方。（分数：2.00）_2016年四川大学英语翻译基础

16、真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.the One Million Strong Initiative（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：“百万强”计划)解析：3.crowdfunding（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：众筹)解析：4.makerspace（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：创客空间)解析：5.The Caspian Sea（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：里海)解析：6.Coalbed Gas（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：煤层气)解析：7.TPP

17、（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：跨太平洋伙伴关系(TransPacific Partnership)解析：8.intelligent vehicles（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：智能汽车)解析：9.CFDA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国家食品药品监督管理总局(China Food and Drug Administration)解析：10.Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(美国)证券交易委员会)解析：11.land reclamation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：

18、(正确答案：土地复垦；填海造陆)解析：12.Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：可持续发展目标)解析：13.Computer-generated Imagery (CGI)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：电脑图像生成技术)解析：14.Preclinical Medicine（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：基础医学)解析：15.ISIS（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：“伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国”(Islamic State of Iraq and al Shams)解析：16.Toastm

19、asters International（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际演讲协会)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.联合国绿色气候基金（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Green Climate Fund(GCF)解析：众包_正确答案：(正确答案：crowdsourcing)解析：20.骨质疏松（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：osteoporosis)解析：21.中国人民对外友好协会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese Peoples Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries(CPAFF

20、C)解析：22.亚投行（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank(AIIB)解析：23.二孩政策（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：twochild policy)解析：24.涨停板（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：raising limit)解析：25.精准扶贫（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：targeted poverty alleviation)解析：26.马太效应（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Matthew Effect)解析：27.量子通信（分数：2.00）_正

21、确答案：(正确答案：quantum communication)解析：28.“大众创业，万众创新”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mass entrepreneurship and innovation)解析：29.无人机（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)解析：30.古装玄幻剧（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：fantasy period drama/costume fantasy drama)解析：31.可兰经（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Koran)解析：32.水浒传（分数：2.00）_正确答案

22、：(正确答案：Water Margin/Heroes of the Marshes)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought t

23、hat they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome itso at least it seems to me is to make your in

24、terests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a riversmall at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders

25、and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the

26、fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what wa

27、s possible has been done.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 有些老年人因怕死而感到烦恼。青年人有这种感觉情有可原。有理由害怕自己战死沙场的年轻人，想到自己被剥夺了生活所能给予的最美好的东西时，他们感到痛苦是可以理解的。可是老年人已饱尝人间甘苦，能做的都做了，怕死就有点儿可怜又可鄙。克服怕死的最好办法至少在我看来如此是逐渐拓宽自己的兴趣，减弱兴趣的个人色彩，直到自我的围墙一点点向外退去，生活渐渐与整个宇宙的生活融合。个人的存在应像河流，起初是涓涓细流，夹在窄窄的两岸之间，接着热情澎湃地冲过巨石，飞下瀑布。渐渐地，河面变宽，两岸离得越来越远，河流逐渐平缓，最后连绵

28、不断地汇入大海，毫无痛苦地失去自我的存在。上了年纪的人如此看待生命，就不会再惧怕死亡，因为自己关心的一切都会继续。假如随着精力衰退，倦意日增，安息的想法未尝不是件好事，我希望自己死于工作之时，这样便知道有人会继续我未竟的事业，想到一切力所能及之事都做了，也就心满意足了。)解析：解析： 本文选自 20世纪英国哲学家 Bertrand Russel(伯特兰.罗素)的散文 How to grow old (如何安度晚年)。作者将人的一生比作河流，用这种巧妙的比喻生动地为读者呈现了生命的状态。本文文字充满睿智，思辨性强，且读来朗朗上口，翻译时也要体现出这些特点。35.Science finds order and meaning in our experience, and sets about this in quite a different way. It sets about it as Newton did in the story which he himself told in his old a