【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题模拟20及答案解析.doc

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1、英语词汇学自考题模拟 20及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The main sources of the new words include the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.the progress made in science and technologyB.changes in geographyC.alien cultural and linguistic influence on EnglishD.social and economic changes2.Which of the following is incorrec

2、t about Old English?（分数：1.00）A.Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages.B.Old English has a vocabulary of 50,000 to 60,000.C.The English language from 450 to 1150 is referred to as Old English.D.Old English was more inflected than Modern English.3.Which of the following is morphol

3、ogically motivated?（分数：1.00）A.Blackmail.B.Greenhorn.C.Speechless.D.Neigh.4.In the sentence “Italian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed. “ The meaning of quattrocento can be inferred from the clue of _.（分数：1.00）A.definitionB.explanationC.exampleD

4、.relevant detail5.“Through thick and thin“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.nominalB.adjectivalC.adverbialD.verbal6.Readers cannot look up pronunciation or meaning in _.（分数：1.00）A.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese TranslationB.The Encyclopedia AmericanaC.Chamber“s Encyclopedi

5、c English DictionaryD.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary7.VOA is coined by means of _.（分数：1.00）A.initialismB.clippingC.back-formationD.prefixation8.The idea that the meaning of a word is related to its origin is based on _ motivation.（分数：1.00）A.onomatopoeicB.morphologicalC.semanticD.etymolo

6、gical9.Semantic field is also an integral part of _.（分数：1.00）A.word formationB.word meaningC.meaning changeD.sense relations10.The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each pair the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.ire/angerB.rich/wealthyC.forlorn/d

7、istressedD.bliss/happiness11.The idiom “bag and baggage“ uses _ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（分数：1.00）A.alliterationB.metaphorC.metonymyD.rhyme12.In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou“wester usually brings rain. “ the meani

8、ng of “sou“ wester“ can be inferred from the clue of _.（分数：1.00）A.relevant detailsB.synonymyC.antonymyD.hyponymy13.The sentence “I missed her. “ is ambiguous as a result of _.（分数：1.00）A.grammatical contextB.polysemyC.antonymyD.hyponymy14.The pair of words “respectable“ and “respectful“ has the _ sen

9、se of transfer respectively.（分数：1.00）A.subjective, objectiveB.objective, subjectiveC.objective, objectiveD.none of the above15.The mode of _ is well reflected in the word “butcher“, which originally denoted, mere “one who kills goats“ , but has come to denote “one who kills animals“.（分数：1.00）A.exten

10、sionB.elevationC.narrowingD.degradation16.Many of the writings in ancient times are hard to understand in that many of the words in them were used in different _ from what they have now in dictionaries.（分数：1.00）A.sensesB.formsC.dialectsD.terms17.Rapid growth of science and technology breeds new word

11、s. The following are example EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.open heart surgeryB.falloutC.parking orbitsD.hip huggers18.Synonymous pair as “die-pass away“ has the same concept but different _.（分数：1.00）A.referenceB.motivationC.toneD.stylistic values19.Which of the following is morphologically motivated?（分数：1.00）

12、A.Neigh.B.Miniskirt.C.Pen.D.The mouth of a river.20.One important criterion to tell the fundamental difference between homonyms and _. is to see their etymology.（分数：1.00）A.hyponymyB.polysemantsC.synonymsD.antonyms21.In Shakespeare“s play Hamlet, “pregnant“ means _.（分数：1.00）A.meaningfulB.expectingC.m

13、eaninglessD.none of the above22.In the sentence “Helen, looks like a fright in that black dress. “ the word “fright“ can be seem as the transfer from _.（分数：1.00）A.abstract meaning to concrete meaningB.concrete meaning to abstract meaningC.subjective meaning to objective meaningD.objective meaning to

14、 subjective meaning23.“Fall flat“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.verbalB.nominalC.adjectivalD.adverbial24.The idiom “Two heads me better than one,“ is an example of _ as long as figures of speech is concerned.（分数：1.00）A.simileB.metaphorC.synecdocheD.personification25.Which of the following dicti

15、onaries is an unabridged one?（分数：1.00）A.Webster“s Third New International Dictionary.B.The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Ninth Edition.C.Oxford Advanced Learner“s Dictionary, Third Edition.D.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.26.Most desk dictionaries provide the following information EXCEPT _.

16、（分数：1.00）A.usage levelB.styleC.currencyD.extra column27.Stylistic meaning refers to the features of _ of words.（分数：1.00）A.formalityB.affectivenessC.appropriatenessD.part of speech28.Collocation can affect _.（分数：1.00）A.the meaning of wordsB.the structure of the sentencesC.the spelling of wordsD.the f

17、unction of words29.Connotative meaning is unstable in that it varies considerably according to _.（分数：1.00）A.cultureB.historical periodC.the experience of individualsD.all the above30.Associative meaning is not affected by _.（分数：1.00）A.experienceB.cultureC.languageD.education31.The prefix “ultr-“ mea

18、ns 1. （分数：1.50）32.The full form of “VOA“ is “Voice of America“; it is an example of 1. （分数：1.50）33.Affixes attached to the 1 of words to indicate grammatical relationships are called inflectional affixes. （分数：1.50）34.The chief function of prefixes is not to change the word class, but to change the 1

19、. （分数：1.50）35.Some words can have two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being 1. and the other opposite. （分数：1.50）36.The pair of “queer“ and “odd“ can, serve as an example of 1. （分数：1.50）37.“CED“ is a 1 dictionary. （分数：1.50）38.In the sentence “The pen is mightier than the sword.“ the

20、 word “pen“ is 1. （分数：1.50）39.The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called 1. （分数：1.50）40.Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully 1 with regard to spelling and pronunciation. （分数：1.50）41.creation(as a mode of vocabulary development) （分数：3.00）_42.root （分数：3.00）_43.archa

21、isms （分数：3.00）_44.absolute synonyms （分数：3.00）_45.juxtaposition of antonyms （分数：3.00）_46.What are the three areas to account for the difference between synonyms? Illustrate your points. （分数：5.00）_47.What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation? Illustrate yo

22、ur point. （分数：5.00）_48.What is the difference between prefixes and suffixes in function? （分数：5.00）_49.Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then explain what contextual clues help you work out the meaning. Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tig

23、er escaped from the zoo and killed a dog in the street and ate it. （分数：5.00）_50.To comment on the rhetorical use of homophones in the following ad: Seven days without 7-Up make one week. （分数：10.00）_51.A ball rolled into the ball suddenly. Explain the meanings of the two “balls“ in this sentence. Whi

24、ch kind of sense relation do they belong to? Give the explanation of their origins. （分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题模拟 20答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The main sources of the new words include the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.the progress made in science and technologyB.changes in geography C.alien cultural and l

25、inguistic influence on EnglishD.social and economic changes解析：解析 新词产生的原因主要有三个：现代科技的迅速发展，社会、经济和政治领域的变化以及其他文化和语言的影响。这其中不包含地理方面的影响。因此，B 项符合要求。2.Which of the following is incorrect about Old English?（分数：1.00）A.Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages. B.Old English has a vocabulary of

26、 50,000 to 60,000.C.The English language from 450 to 1150 is referred to as Old English.D.Old English was more inflected than Modern English.解析：解析 古英语的使用者从拉丁语和其他语言借用词语的现象并没有其后一段时期频繁。因此，A项符合要求。3.Which of the following is morphologically motivated?（分数：1.00）A.Blackmail.B.Greenhorn.C.Speechless. D.Neigh

27、.解析：解析 A 项的意思是“勒索，敲诈”：B 项的意思是“生手，涉世不深的人”，它们都不同于一般的复合词，即它们的意思不是各自的构成词素意义的集合。D 项的“neigh”是个拟声理据词。因此只有C项正确。4.In the sentence “Italian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed. “ The meaning of quattrocento can be inferred from the clue of _.（分数：1.00）A.def

28、initionB.explanationC.exampleD.relevant detail 解析：解析 题目中的画线词是个生僻词，要推测其意思，只能从句子的语境中寻找相关线索，即“relevant detail”，因为句子没有给出此生僻词的定义(definition)，也没有对其进行诠释，更没有在其后举例说明。但是在“in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century”中，“than”之后的“sixteenth century”是个提示信息，我们可以据此推测，这个生词是表示时间的词。事实上，“quattrocento”的意思是“十五世纪”。5.

29、“Through thick and thin“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.nominalB.adjectivalC.adverbial D.verbal解析：6.Readers cannot look up pronunciation or meaning in _.（分数：1.00）A.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese TranslationB.The Encyclopedia Americana C.Chamber“s Encyclopedic English Dic

30、tionaryD.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary解析：解析 百科全书不关注语言本身，而是提供了针对每个标题的相关信息。因此在百科全书里读者们无法找到单词的读音和对其相关意义的解释。美国大百科全书(The Encyclopedia Americana)是一部著名的百科全书。7.VOA is coined by means of _.（分数：1.00）A.initialism B.clippingC.back-formationD.prefixation解析：8.The idea that the meaning of a word is r

31、elated to its origin is based on _ motivation.（分数：1.00）A.onomatopoeicB.morphologicalC.semanticD.etymological 解析：9.Semantic field is also an integral part of _.（分数：1.00）A.word formationB.word meaningC.meaning changeD.sense relations 解析：解析 语言中的词汇可以按语义关系划分语义场。人们普遍认为语义场是语义关系的有机组成部分。10.The following are

32、all synonymous pairs, but in each pair the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.ire/angerB.rich/wealthy C.forlorn/distressedD.bliss/happiness解析：解析 题目中的 ire/anger，forlorn/distressed，bliss/happiness 都是近义词组，每一组词中第一个词是古语词，只用于诗歌或早期英语文章中，第二个词是标准用法。虽然 rich和 wealthy是

33、近义词，但它们是标准用法。11.The idiom “bag and baggage“ uses _ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（分数：1.00）A.alliteration B.metaphorC.metonymyD.rhyme解析：解析 本题习语中的“bag”和“baggage”的开头音节发音相同，所以说这一习语使用了头韵的修辞手法。12.In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a

34、sou“wester usually brings rain. “ the meaning of “sou“ wester“ can be inferred from the clue of _.（分数：1.00）A.relevant detailsB.synonymyC.antonymy D.hyponymy解析：解析 题目中的“sonwester”的意思是“西南风”，这可以根据句中与其相反的词“north-east”推断出来。13.The sentence “I missed her. “ is ambiguous as a result of _.（分数：1.00）A.grammatic

35、al contextB.polysemy C.antonymyD.hyponymy解析：解析 本题中的“miss”是个多义词，因 为没有相关语境，该句会产生歧义。它既可以理 解为“我想念她”，也可以理解为“我未能见到她”。14.The pair of words “respectable“ and “respectful“ has the _ sense of transfer respectively.（分数：1.00）A.subjective, objectiveB.objective, subjective C.objective, objectiveD.none of the abov

36、e解析：解析 本题中“respectable”的意思是“值得尊重的，让人敬重的”；“respectful”的意思是“充满敬意的”。因此，两者分别具有客观意义转移和主观意义转移的特征。15.The mode of _ is well reflected in the word “butcher“, which originally denoted, mere “one who kills goats“ , but has come to denote “one who kills animals“.（分数：1.00）A.extension B.elevationC.narrowingD.degr

37、adation解析：16.Many of the writings in ancient times are hard to understand in that many of the words in them were used in different _ from what they have now in dictionaries.（分数：1.00）A.senses B.formsC.dialectsD.terms解析：解析 语义(sense)指的是语言内部的关系，许多古代文学作品中的词现代读者无法读懂就是因为在古代著作中，表达同一个概念或者意思，作者使用的词和现在人们通常使用的词

38、不同。17.Rapid growth of science and technology breeds new words. The following are example EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.open heart surgeryB.falloutC.parking orbitsD.hip huggers 解析：解析 科学技术的快速发展是新词产生的一个重要源泉，而选项 D中的词“hip huggers”指的是一种低腰紧身裤，它不是科学技术直接影响下的产物。18.Synonymous pair as “die-pass away“ has the same concept

39、 but different _.（分数：1.00）A.referenceB.motivationC.toneD.stylistic values 解析：19.Which of the following is morphologically motivated?（分数：1.00）A.Neigh.B.Miniskirt. C.Pen.D.The mouth of a river.解析：解析 A 项的“neigh”是个拟声理据词，形容马嘶叫的声音；C 项的“pen”是个语义理据词；D项的“the mouth of a river”也同样是语义理据词。20.One important criter

40、ion to tell the fundamental difference between homonyms and _. is to see their etymology.（分数：1.00）A.hyponymyB.polysemants C.synonymsD.antonyms解析：21.In Shakespeare“s play Hamlet, “pregnant“ means _.（分数：1.00）A.meaningful B.expectingC.meaninglessD.none of the above解析：22.In the sentence “Helen, looks li

41、ke a fright in that black dress. “ the word “fright“ can be seem as the transfer from _.（分数：1.00）A.abstract meaning to concrete meaning B.concrete meaning to abstract meaningC.subjective meaning to objective meaningD.objective meaning to subjective meaning解析：解析 题目中的“fright”一词在这里的意思是“怪人”，而不是“恐惧，恐怖”的意

42、思。所以，它经历了从抽象意义到具体意义的语义转移。A 项为正确答案。23.“Fall flat“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.verbal B.nominalC.adjectivalD.adverbial解析：解析 题目中的“fall flat”的意思是“彻底失败”，是个动词短语，在句中执行动词的功能。24.The idiom “Two heads me better than one,“ is an example of _ as long as figures of speech is concerned.（分数：1.00）A.simileB.me

43、taphorC.synecdoche D.personification解析：解析 提喻法(synecdoche)是用一种事物的部分代指整体的某些特征的方法。习语中的“heads”所指代的意思是人。25.Which of the following dictionaries is an unabridged one?（分数：1.00）A.Webster“s Third New International Dictionary. B.The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Ninth Edition.C.Oxford Advanced Learner“s Dictionar

44、y, Third Edition.D.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.解析：26.Most desk dictionaries provide the following information EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.usage levelB.styleC.currencyD.extra column 解析：解析 大多数的案头词典都提供了有关词的用法的知识，如用法的尺度、文体、流行程度、语域、感情色彩等，附加栏或者专门栏不是案头词典所具备的特点。27.Stylistic meaning refers to the feat

45、ures of _ of words.（分数：1.00）A.formality B.affectivenessC.appropriatenessD.part of speech解析：28.Collocation can affect _.（分数：1.00）A.the meaning of words B.the structure of the sentencesC.the spelling of wordsD.the function of words解析：解析 搭配意义是指在一个句子中一个词受其临近的词的影响而产生的意义，这也就是说搭配可以影响一个词的意义。29.Connotative meaning is unstable in that it varies considerably according to _.（分数：1.00）A.cultureB.historical periodC.the experience of individualsD.all the above 解析：30.Associative meaning is not affect