【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题-9及答案解析.doc

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1、英语词汇学自考题-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.A word is a _ that stands for something else in the world. A. symbol B. system C. structure D. pattern（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Usually words of the basic word stock are supposed to have obvious _ characteristics. A. three B. four C. five D. six（分

2、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Which are the features of native words? A. All national characters. B. Neutral in style. C. Frequent in use. D. All the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Indo-Iranian comprises the modern language except _. A. Persian B. Bengali C. Hindi, Romany D. Polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Old English vocabu

3、lary was essentially _ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian. A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The modes of modern English vocabulary grow through three major channels: _, semantic change, _. A. exchange; lending B. derivation; borrowing C. creation; bo

4、rrowing D. affixation; creation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.“Bird“, “earth“, “nation“ belong to _. A. free roots B. bound morphemes C. derivational affixes D. bound root（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on _. A. borrowing B. word-formation C. conversion D. the nu

5、mber of the people speaking English（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.A subcutaneous infection is _ the skin. A. on the surface of B. above C. under D. below（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The word “courageous“ is created by _. A. noun suffixes B. adverb suffixes C. adjective suffixes D. verb suffixes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Words

6、involved in conversion are primarily _. A. nouns, verbs and adverbs B. nouns, adjectives and verbs C. nouns, prepositions and verbs D. adjectives, adverbs and verbs（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Reference is the relationship between language and the _. A. speakers B. listeners C. world D. specific country（分数：1

7、.00）A.B.C.D.13.Words like miaow and ping-pong are _ motivated. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Lexical meaning has two components: _ meaning and associative meaning. A. connotative B. conceptual C. affective D. stylistic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.

8、_ is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages. A. Homonymy B. Polysemy C. Synonymy D. Antonymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16._ is not a pair of homophones. A. “Bear“ (a large heavy animal) and “bear“ (to put up with) B. “Right“ (correct) and “write“ (to put down on paper with a pen) C. “Son“ (a male

9、child of some one) and “sun“ (the heavenly body from which the earth gets warmth and light) D. “Compliment“ (an expression of praise) and “complement“ (make up a whole)（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17._ truly represent oppositeness of meaning. A. Contradictory terms B. Contrary terms C. Relative terms D. Absolut

10、e synonyms（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Among the types of word-meaning changes, _ and narrowing are the most common by far. A. degradation B. transfer C. elevation D. extension（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The original meaning of wife is _. A. a married woman B. a young woman C. woman D. widowed woman（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.

11、20.Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic _. A. extension B. elevation C. transfer D. narrowing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.In a broad sense, context includes _. A. a paragraph B. a whole chapter C. the entire book D. the whole cultural background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The meaning of a

12、 word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs, which is called _. A. lexical context B. grammatical context C. linguistic context D. non-linguistic context（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.We may know the meaning of “geocentric“ by analyzing _. A. definition B. antonymy C. word structure D. all the

13、above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical function is to _. A. use idioms correctly and appropriately B. understand idioms correctly C. remember idioms quickly D. try a new method of classification（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Take the helm was first used by _. A. h

14、ousewives B. seamen C. fishermen D. sportsmen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The pot calls the cattle black is an example of _. A. metaphor B. personification C. synecdoche D. euphemism（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.A book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language and their definitions is called _.

15、 A. concordance B. lexicon C. glossary D. encyclopedia（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Which of the following items is the feature of pocket dictionaries?_ A. Having about 150000 entries or fewer. B. Providing only the spelling and pronunciation of each word with a few most common meanings. C. Expensive but easy

16、 to carry. D. B and C.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.LDCE has three features except _. A. clear grammar codes B. usage notes C. language notes D. extra column（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The new edition of CED in 1995 has a collection of _ entries. A. 80000 B. 70000 C. 60000 D. 50000（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00

17、)31.There are four types of borrowed words: 1, aliens, translation-loans and semantic-loans.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_32.By the end of the eleventh century, 1 all of the people who held political or social power and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_33.A r

18、oot, whether free or bound, generally carries the main 1 of meaning in a word.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_34. 1 is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_35.Meaning and concept are closely connected but not 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_36.Contrary t

19、erms are 1 antonyms.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_37.Narrowing of meaning is the opposite of 1 meaning.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_38.Idioms are colorful, 1 and thought-provoking.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_39.Juxtaposition means 1 are used in forming idioms.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_40. 1 dictionaries are the complete description of words availa

20、ble to us.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)41.inflected language（分数：3.00）_42.word-formation（分数：3.00）_43.appreciative（分数：3.00）_44.semantic transfer（分数：3.00）_45.linguistic dictionaries（分数：3.00）_四、B(总题数：4，分数：20.00)46.Enumerate the major modes of modern vocabulary development.（分数：5.00）_47.Some people

21、hold that Shakespeare is more difficult to read than contemporary writings. Do you agree or disagree to this comment? State your reason(s) with at least three examples.（分数：5.00）_48.How many types are there in word-meaning changes?（分数：5.00）_49.What factors should be taken into consideration in choosi

22、ng a dictionary?（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：2，分数：20.00)50.Analyze the components of the following words and give their literal meanings, antecedent, predict, mishap, suicide, transfuse, erupt, exhume.（分数：10.00）_51.He is as poor as a church mouse. Pick out the idiom in this sentence, then point out its structu

23、re, grammatical function and figure of speech.（分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题-9 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.A word is a _ that stands for something else in the world. A. symbol B. system C. structure D. pattern（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 A word is a symbol that stands for something else in the w

24、orld. 词是表示世界上别的事物的符号。答案为 A。2.Usually words of the basic word stock are supposed to have obvious _ characteristics. A. three B. four C. five D. six（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 The basic words stock have five obvious characteristics: all national character, stability, productivity, polysemy and collocabili

25、ty. 可见有五大特征。答案为 C。3.Which are the features of native words? A. All national characters. B. Neutral in style. C. Frequent in use. D. All the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本族词汇具有基本词汇的五大特征全民性(all national character)、稳定性(stability)、能产性(productivity)、多义性(polysemy)、搭配性(collocability)。除此之外本族词汇还有两个特征文体上中性(n

26、eutral in style)和使用频繁(frequent in use)。答案为 D。4.Indo-Iranian comprises the modern language except _. A. Persian B. Bengali C. Hindi, Romany D. Polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian, Bengali, Hindi, Romany. 印度伊朗语族包括波斯语、孟加拉语、印地语和吉普赛语。答案为 D。5.Old English vocabulary was essent

27、ially _ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian. A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Although there were borrowings from Latin, the influence on English was mainly Germanic. 虽然英语也从拉丁语中借词，但影响英语的主要还是日耳曼语。答案为 B。6.The modes of modern English vocabulary grow

28、 through three major channels: _, semantic change, _. A. exchange; lending B. derivation; borrowing C. creation; borrowing D. affixation; creation（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, semantic change, borrowing. 现代英语词汇的发展主要通过 3 个渠道：创词、旧词新义和借词。答案

29、为 C。7.“Bird“, “earth“, “nation“ belong to _. A. free roots B. bound morphemes C. derivational affixes D. bound root（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 bird, earth, nation 这三个词本身具有完整的意义，在句子中可以用作自由语法单位，因此是自由词素，也就是自由词根。答案为 A。8.The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on _. A. borrowing B. word

30、-formation C. conversion D. the number of the people speaking English（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word-formation. 现代英语中的词汇扩展主要依靠构词法。答案为 B。9.A subcutaneous infection is _ the skin. A. on the surface of B. above C. under D. below（分数：1.00）A.B.

31、C. D.解析：解析 前缀 sub-表示下级的，下层的，因此 subcutaneous infection 指的是皮下感染。答案为C。10.The word “courageous“ is created by _. A. noun suffixes B. adverb suffixes C. adjective suffixes D. verb suffixes（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 courageous(勇敢的)是在名词 courage 后加了形容词后缀-ous 而变成形容词。答案为 C。11.Words involved in conversion are pri

32、marily _. A. nouns, verbs and adverbs B. nouns, adjectives and verbs C. nouns, prepositions and verbs D. adjectives, adverbs and verbs（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Words produced by conversion are primarily nouns, adjectives and verbs. 通过转类法产生的词大多是名词、形容词和动词。答案为 B。12.Reference is the relationship between l

33、anguage and the _. A. speakers B. listeners C. world D. specific country（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Reference is the relationship between language and the world. 所指是语言与周围世界的关系。答案为 C。13.Words like miaow and ping-pong are _ motivated. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologicall

34、y（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 miaow(喵喵地叫)，是通过模仿猫叫的声音创造的。ping-pong(乒乓声)，是通过模仿打乒乓球的声音创造的。因此这两个词都是拟声理据，即 onomatopoeic motivation。答案为 A。14.Lexical meaning has two components: _ meaning and associative meaning. A. connotative B. conceptual C. affective D. stylistic（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Lexieal meaning itsel

35、f has two components: conceptual meaning and associative meaning. 词汇意义本身只有两个成分：概念意义和联想意义。答案为 B。15._ is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages. A. Homonymy B. Polysemy C. Synonymy D. Antonymy（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages. 多义关系是所有自然语

36、言都具有的共同特征。答案为 B。16._ is not a pair of homophones. A. “Bear“ (a large heavy animal) and “bear“ (to put up with) B. “Right“ (correct) and “write“ (to put down on paper with a pen) C. “Son“ (a male child of some one) and “sun“ (the heavenly body from which the earth gets warmth and light) D. “Complimen

37、t“ (an expression of praise) and “complement“ (make up a whole)（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 同音异形异义词是读音相同但拼写和词义不同的词。答案为 A。17._ truly represent oppositeness of meaning. A. Contradictory terms B. Contrary terms C. Relative terms D. Absolute synonyms（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Antonyms can be classified into thr

38、ee major groups. One group is contradictory terms: these antonyms truly represent oppositeness of meaning. 反义词主要分为 3 大类。其中一类就是互为矛盾的反义词。这类反义词是真正意义上的反义词。答案为 A。18.Among the types of word-meaning changes, _ and narrowing are the most common by far. A. degradation B. transfer C. elevation D. extension（分数

39、：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Of these word-meaning changes, extension and narrowing are by far the most common. 在词义变化类型中，词义的扩大和词义的缩小是最为常见的。答案为 D。19.The original meaning of wife is _. A. a married woman B. a young woman C. woman D. widowed woman（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Wife originally means “woman“ and now me

40、ans a married woman. 妻子原义是“女人”现义为“已婚女人”。答案为 C。20.Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic _. A. extension B. elevation C. transfer D. narrowing（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. 词义的降格与词义的升格相反。答案为 B。21.In a broad

41、 sense, context includes _. A. a paragraph B. a whole chapter C. the entire book D. the whole cultural background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 In a broad sense，it includes the physical situation as well. This is called extra-linguistic or non-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place, and

42、 even the whole cultural background. 广义上讲，语境还可以包括物理环境，这称为非语言环境，包括人物、时间、地点，甚至包括整个文化背景。答案为 D。22.The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs, which is called _. A. lexical context B. grammatical context C. linguistic context D. non-linguistic context（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：

43、解析 In some cases, the meanings of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is what we call grammatical context. 答案为 B。23.We may know the meaning of “geocentric“ by analyzing _. A. definition B. antonymy C. word structure D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 单词的形态结构，特别是复合词和派生词为未知意义的推断提供了大量线索。由 geo-这一形式以及它在句中用于与 helio-相对，因此就不难猜出 geocentric 表示的是“地心的”。这种猜测是通过分析单词的结构得出的。答案为 C。24.The advantage of classifying idioms according to gra