【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题-21及答案解析.doc

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1、英语词汇学自考题-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on _. A. borrowing B. word-formation C. conversion D. the number of the people speaking English（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2._ doesnt belong to the most productive means of word-formation

2、. A. Affixation B. Compounding C. Conversion D. Blending（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Conversion gives us _ of the new vocabulary. A. 30% B. 28% C. 26% D. 28% to 30%（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Word-formation excludes _. A. affixation and compounding B. conversion and shortening C. clipping, acronymy and blending D. rep

3、etition and alliteration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.The most productive word formation are _. A. affixati0n B. compounding C. conversion D. all the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through _. A. compounding B. affixation C. conversion D. shortening（分

4、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The prefixes in the words of irresistible, nonclassical and apolitical are called _. A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8._ does not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modifies its meaning. A. Pr

5、efixation B. Suffixation C. Affixation D. Derivation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.These are negative prefixes except _. A. dis- B. in- C. non- D. under-（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.“Ex-“ in the word “ex-prisoner“ is _. A. free root B. bound root C. inflectional affix D. derivational affix（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The prefix

6、“mis-“ in the word “mistrust“ is a _ prefix. A. negative B. reversative C. pejorative D. locative（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The prefixes contained in the following words are called _: pseudo-friend, malpractice, mistrust. _ A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative pre

7、fixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The prefixes in words anti-government, pro-student and contraflow are _. A. prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orientation and attitude C. prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.The prefixed contained in unwrap, de-compose and disallow

8、 are _. A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and archbishop are _. A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.A

9、 subcutaneous infection is _ the skin. A. on the surface of B. above C. under D. below（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Some doctors prescribe medication to treat hyperactive children, because the children are extremely _. A. active B. passive C. lazy D. diligent（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.Which of the given prefixes ind

10、icates number? A. fore- B. anti- C. semi- D. pan-（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.The primary function of suffixes is to _. A. change the word-class of roots B. change the meaning of stems C. change the grammatical function of stems D. change the structure of roots（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20._ are contained in words tra

11、ns-world, intra-party and forehead. A. Prefixes of orientation and attitude B. Prefixes of time and order C. Locative prefixes D. Prefixes of degree or size（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.The prefixes in words neo-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are _. A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C.

12、prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.Which of the following prefixes can not be used to indicate time and order? _ A. Ex-. B. Fore-. C. Post-. D. Para-.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.Which of the following is a case of suffixation?_ A. Hemisphere. B. Attempt. C. NATO. D. Resp

13、ondent.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.A multiplied insect has _ feet. A. two B. four C. six D. many（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.Which of the following belongs to number prefixes? A. Auto-. B. Mis-. C. Hemi-. D. Pre-.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.We usually group suffixes on a _ basis into noun suffixes, verb suffixes, adjective

14、suffixes, etc. A. grammatical B. structural C. meaningful D. practical（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.-eer, -er, -ess, -ette, -let are all suffixes added to noun bases to produce _ nouns. A. abstract B. de-verbal C. concrete D. de-adjective（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.These are adjective suffixes except _. A. -ish B. -i

15、ve C. -al D. -ance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.The word “courageous“ is created by _. A. noun suffixes B. adverb suffixes C. adjective suffixes D. verb suffixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.The meanings of “comic“ and “comical“ are _. A. same B. identical C. similar D. different（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.Which of the followi

16、ng suffixes can be used to form both nouns and adjectives? A. -ion. B. -ism. C. -ity. D. -ist.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.The following are all denominal suffixes except _. A. -ful B. -wise C. -less D. -like（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Which of the following is not a verb suffix? A. -ate B. -en C. -ed D. -fy（分数：2.00

17、）A.B.C.D.34.The suffixes in words “heighten, symbolize“ are _. A. noun suffixes B. verb suffixes C. adverb suffixes D. adjective suffixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.The suffixes in words “clockwise, homewards“ are _. A. noun suffixes B. verb suffixes C. adverb suffixes D. adjective suffixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.

18、36.The differences between compounds and free phrases show in _ aspects. A. phonetic features B. semantic features C. grammatical features D. all the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.“Washing machine“ is a word formed by _. A. prefixation B. compounding C. conversion D. blending（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.“Law-abid

19、ing“ belongs to _. A. adjective compound B. noun compound C. verb compound D. none of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.The word “brainstorming“ belongs to _. A. adjective compounds B. noun compounds C. verb compounds D. adverb compounds（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.Verb compounds are created either through _ or _

20、. A. affixation; conversion B. clipping; affixation C. conversion; backformation D. backformation; borrowing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.Which of the following is not through backformation?_ A. To mass-produce. B. To lip-read. C. To nickname. D. To chain-smoke.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The formation of new words b

21、y converting words of one class to another class is called _. A. prefixation B. suffixation C. acronymy D. conversion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.In a derivational process, an item is converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. The name is _. A. full conversion B. partial conversion C. fu

22、nctional shift D. zero-derivation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Words involved in conversion are primarily _. A. nouns, verbs and adverbs B. nouns, adjectives and verbs C. nouns, prepositions and verbs D. adjectives, adverbs and verbs（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.Nouns converted from adjectives have all the characterist

23、ics of nouns and achieve a full noun status, thus known as _. A. partial conversion B. full conversion C. speech shift D. grammatical shift（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with _. A. plural forms B.

24、 single forms C. adjectives D. definite articles（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.In most cases a noun can be converted to a verb _. A. with some changes B. without any change C. with some changes in spelling D. without any change in pronunciation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.The “house“ in “the peasant housed him“ belongs

25、 to the conversion _. A. between noun and adjective B. between noun and verb C. between verb and adjective D. none of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.The conversion of two-syllable nouns into verbs involves a change of _. A. spelling B. pronunciation C. stress D. function（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.“Empty“ in

26、the sentence “The meeting was over and the meeting-room began to empty“ is _. A. adjective B. verb C. noun D. adverb（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语词汇学自考题-21 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on _. A. borrowing B. word-formation C. conv

27、ersion D. the number of the people speaking English（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word-formation. 现代英语中的词汇扩展主要依靠构词法。答案为 B。2._ doesnt belong to the most productive means of word-formation. A. Affixation B. Compounding C. Conversion D. Blending

28、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 The most productive are affixation, compounding and conversion.最为多产的(构词)方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。答案为 D。3.Conversion gives us _ of the new vocabulary. A. 30% B. 28% C. 26% D. 28% to 30%（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Conversion gives us 26%of the new vocabulary转类法提供了新词汇的 26%。答案为C。4.Word-formati

29、on excludes _. A. affixation and compounding B. conversion and shortening C. clipping, acronymy and blending D. repetition and alliteration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 The most productive means of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion. The rest of the new words come from shortening in

30、cluding clipping and acronymy together with blending and other means. 最为多产的方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。剩余的新词来自缩略法，包括截短法和首字拼音法，加上自拼法和其他途径。唯独没有提到最后一项。答案为 D。5.The most productive word formation are _. A. affixati0n B. compounding C. conversion D. all the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 The most productive are affixati

31、on, compounding and conversion最为多产的(构词)方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。答案为 D。6.30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through _. A. compounding B. affixation C. conversion D. shortening（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Words produced through affixation constitute 30%to 40%of the total number of ne

32、w words通过词缀法产生的词占据新词总数的 30%至 40%。答案为 B。7.The prefixes in the words of irresistible, nonclassical and apolitical are called _. A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 前缀 ir-，non-和 a-属于否定意义的前缀。答案为 B。8._ does not generally change t

33、he word-class of the stem but only modifies its meaning. A. Prefixation B. Suffixation C. Affixation D. Derivation（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modify its meaning. 前缀法一般不改变词干的词性，只改变词义。答案为 A。9.These are negative prefixes except _. A. dis-

34、 B. in- C. non- D. under-（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Negative prefixes include a-，dis-，in-(il-，ir-，im-)，non-，un-，前缀 under-不是否定词缀，表示“在下方”。答案为 D。10.“Ex-“ in the word “ex-prisoner“ is _. A. free root B. bound root C. inflectional affix D. derivational affix（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 ex-是然是词缀，表示“前任，以前的”，故先排除 A

35、B。inflectional affix 内部屈折词缀是加在词尾表示语法关系的，如表示复数的“-s”。derivational affix 派生词缀是加在其他词素上创造新词的词缀。因此 ex-是派生词缀。答案为 D。11.The prefix “mis-“ in the word “mistrust“ is a _ prefix. A. negative B. reversative C. pejorative D. locative（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 题干译文：前缀“mis-”在“mistrust”一词中是一种什么前缀?前缀法是在词干上加前缀构词的一种方法。前缀一

36、般不改变词干的词类，只对词干的意义作进一步的修饰。表示贬义的前缀有mal-，mis-，pseudo-等；本题中“mistrust”指“不信任、不相信”，前缀“mis-”表示贬义。答案为C。12.The prefixes contained in the following words are called _: pseudo-friend, malpractice, mistrust. _ A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.

37、 D.解析：解析 pseudo-friend(假朋友)，malpractice(玩忽职守)，mistrust(不信任，怀疑)，可见这些词是表示贬义的前缀，即 pejorative prefixes。答案为 C。13.The prefixes in words anti-government, pro-student and contraflow are _. A. prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orientation and attitude C. prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous pr

38、efixes（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 anti-government(反政府的)，pro-student(站在学生一边的)，contraflow(一条车辆对开的路)，可见前缀 anti-，pro-和 contra-是表示倾向和态度等意义的前缀，即 prefixes of orientation and attitude。答案为 B。14.The prefixed contained in unwrap, de-compose and disallow are _. A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejora

39、tive prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 其中 unwrap(打开)，de-compose(分解)，disallow(不接受，不准，驳回)，可见前缀 un-，de-和 dis-是表示逆向意义的前缀，即 reversative prefixes。答案为 A。15.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and archbishop are _. A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorativ

40、e prefixes D. locative prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 extra-strong(十分强壮)，overweight(超重)，archbishop(大主教)，可见前缀 extra-，over-和 arch-是表示程度、大小等意义的前缀，即 prefixes of degree or size。答案为 B。16.A subcutaneous infection is _ the skin. A. on the surface of B. above C. under D. below（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 前缀“sub-

41、”表示下级的，下方的，因此 subcutaneous infection 指的是皮下感染。答案为 C。17.Some doctors prescribe medication to treat hyperactive children, because the children are extremely _. A. active B. passive C. lazy D. diligent（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 hyperactive 一词中的前缀 hyper-表示“极度的”，因此 hyperactive 表示“极度兴奋”，因此题干译文为：一些医生给极度兴奋的孩子们开

42、药医治，因为这些孩子们非常的?可见四个选项中，active(活跃的)最符合题意。答案为 A。18.Which of the given prefixes indicates number? A. fore- B. anti- C. semi- D. pan-（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 fore-是表示方位意义的前缀；anti-是表示倾向和态度等意义的前缀；pan-表示“全，整个”的意思。semi-表示“半”的意思，是表示数字的前缀。答案为 C。19.The primary function of suffixes is to _. A. change the word-cl

43、ass of roots B. change the meaning of stems C. change the grammatical function of stems D. change the structure of roots（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 The primary function of suffixes is to change the grammatical function of stems后缀的主要功用是改变词干意义的语法功能。答案为 C。20._ are contained in words trans-world, intra-part

44、y and forehead. A. Prefixes of orientation and attitude B. Prefixes of time and order C. Locative prefixes D. Prefixes of degree or size（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 trans-world(全世界的)，intra-party(党内的)，forehead(前额)，可见前缀 trans-，intra-和 fore-是表示方位意义的前缀，即 locative prefixes。答案为 C。21.The prefixes in words neo-N

45、azi, autobiography and pan-European are _. A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous prefixes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Miscellaneous prefixes include auto-, neo-, pan-, vice-复合法前缀包括 auto-，neo-，pan-, vice-。答案为 D。22.Which of the following prefixes

46、can not be used to indicate time and order? _ A. Ex-. B. Fore-. C. Post-. D. Para-.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 前缀 para-表示“半，在旁边”，因此 para-不是表示时间和顺序的。答案为 D。23.Which of the following is a case of suffixation?_ A. Hemisphere. B. Attempt. C. NATO. D. Respondent.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 hemisphere(半球)，用了前缀 hemi-；NATO(北大西洋公约组织)用的是首字母缩略法。respondent(应答者)是在动词 respond 后添加了-ent 后缀。答案为 D。24.A multiplied insect has _ feet. A. two B. four C. six D. many（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：