【学历类职业资格】英语写作自考题-8及答案解析.doc

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1、英语写作自考题-8 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. Advantages and Disadvantages of AdvertisingThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For ex

2、ample, some advertisement have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are workless and a waste of consumers money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few ye

3、ars ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.

4、_Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control final buying decision.（分数：20.00）_二、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. How

5、 to Improre your studyPerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligenc

6、e can be top students without additional work. Heres how.1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set

7、 aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work an

8、d play.2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to put your heart into it.3. Skim before you read. T

9、his means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these parts. Skimming helps dou

10、ble your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.5. Study regularly. Go over your notes

11、as soon as you can after class. Review important points in class as well as you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your n

12、otes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provid

13、e grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your new knowledge permanent.There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. T

14、alk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades.（分数：20.00）_三、B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Describe a process which you know about.（分数：60.00）_英语写作自考题-8 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(

15、总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. Advantages and Disadvantages of AdvertisingThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisement have appealed t

16、o peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are workless and a waste of consumers money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to

17、dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf._Each consumer must evaluate her or his o

18、wn situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control final buying decision.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a con

19、sumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people

20、. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.)解析：解析 补写段落应该把给出的文章内容读透彻，从其他段落中尤其是第一段中寻求讯息，找出文章缺失的段落应该从哪些方面入手。 文章开头便告知：“The appeal of advertising to buying motives can be both negative and positive effects.”接着简要描述了一

21、些负面的状况，并不排除广告中介绍的物品也却有奇效的。 第二段有一个总领句，即“Sometimes advertising in intentionally misleading.”之后列举了一个例子，来说明确实有一些广告是故意误导消费者的。 那么第三段应该是怎样的内容呢?我们先不急于判断，把最后一段内容阅读完毕再来判断。最后一段的内容是讲述，每一个消费者必须去估量自身的情况，去考虑想要购买的产品是否值得购买。广告固然是为了吸引消费者，但毕竟消费者自己有最终的决定权。这可算是一个小小的文章总结。 那么我们回过头来再去猜想第三段应该怎样补写。很自然，在经过文章开头的总领之后，加之已经介绍过了广告的

22、负面结果，最终又对消费者的购物目的做了总结，第三段的内容应该是介绍一些有关广告的正面效应来和上下文衔接。段首应该有一个总领句，介绍广告也确实有积极的方面。为了和上段的结构照应，也应该列举一个例子来说明为什么也会有这样的正面效果。这样文章就被补写完整了。二、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. How to Improre your studyPerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will nev

23、er be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how.1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart

24、 of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will

25、make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it shou

26、ld be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to put your heart into it.3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content an

27、d how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these parts. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class me

28、ans less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points in class as well as you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If y

29、ou know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance o

30、n tests.6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your new knowledge permanent.There are other techn

31、iques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habi

32、ts will improve your grades.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(. Students of average intelligence becoming top students without additional work . Having six ways to achieve this goal A. Planning your time carefully 1. Making a list of weekly tasks 2. Making a schedule B. Finding a good place to study 1. Choosing a co

33、mfortable place 2. Choosing a place without distractions C. Skimming before you read 1. Double speed 2. Improving comprehension D. Making good use of your time in class 1. Listening well 2. Taking notes E. Studying regularly 1. Reviewing notes 2. Reviewing textbook F. Developing a good attitude towa

34、rds tests 1. No worry about a single test 2. Using test to make new knowledge permanent . Discovering some other ways to improve your grade)解析：解析 作文提纲分两种，即“句子提纲”(sentence outline)和“论点提纲”(topic outline)。本题正是要求学生对该文章做“论点提纲”的书写。因此首先要掌握论点提纲具有怎样的特点，否则便无从下笔。从教材我们可得知，句子提纲中的每句话都必须是完整的，而论点提纲中的每句话都可以是短语，也可以是从

35、句，甚至单词。两种提纲无优劣之分，只是看题目要求、主题需要或依据个人爱好而定。例如该题就要求使用论点提纲来列，因此要注意论点提纲的形式和特点。 就本题而言，纵览全文可以看出，该文章是讲述中等智商的学生如何在不做额外功课的情况下取得更好的成绩，做一名上等生。即“How to be a top student for those average students with average intelligence?”在列举提纲时，要把握整体层次。该文章明显分为三个层次，即，提出问题，解决问题列举，其他可行方法。所以总的提纲可列为： 1. Students of average intelligen

36、ce becoming top students without additional work 2. Having six ways to achieve this goal 3. Discovering some other ways to improve your grade 文章在提出问题之后，列举了六点如何提高成绩的方法，如认真计划时间、找到适合学习的地方等，都以序号的形式叙述。在解决问题的六个小点当中，又有具体的分层。拿第一小点为例：作者叙述过“Plan your time carefully”后，紧接着就用更具体的方法阐述如何仔细计划时间。经阅读各句之间的关系分析后可得知，这一点

37、的内容又可分为两个小层次，即make a list of weekly tasks; make a schedule or chart。全段内容都是围绕这两点展开。由此不难得出，第一小点的提纲可列为： A. Planning your time carefully 1. Making a list of weekly tasks 2. Making a schedule 以下五点均按此思维模式，此处不再赘述。提纲可列为： B. Finding a good place to study 1. Choosing a comfortable place 2. Choosing a place wi

38、thout distractions C. Skimming before you read 1. Double speed 2. Improving comprehension D. Making good use of your time in class 1. Listening well 2. Taking notes E. Studying regularly 1. Reviewing notes 2. Reviewing textbook F. Developing a good attitude towards tests 1. No worry about a single t

39、est 2. Using test to make new knowledge permanent 最后，避免把问题叙述得绝对化，作者又阐明还有其他方法可提高分数，即上文中的第 3 点。三、B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Describe a process which you know about.（分数：60.00）_正确答案：( How to Post a ParcelIt is necessary for a person to know how to post a parcel, since almost everyone has relatives and friends l

40、iving far away and he may like to send them something.Different objects are packed in different ways. Things like bottles of medicine and watches should be put into wooden boxes to avoid breakage. After you have packed the objects, put down your address and that of the addressee on the wrapping. Giv

41、e the parcel to the postal clerk for him to check. He will then give you a form to fill in. Having filled in the form, you give it together with the parcel to the clerk. He will weigh the parcel and tell you how much you should pay. You pay the money and get a receipt. Be sure to keep your receipt u

42、ntil you are sure that the addressee has received the parcel. If anything wrong should happen to your parcel, you can show the receipt to the clerk and asked to be reimbursed.Next time if you want to send a parcel to someone, you can find you just have to follow the suggested steps.)解析：解析 说明做某件事的过程时，通常以时间的先后为线索。文章开始可以先切入题，介绍下面要说明什么事，为什么要讲这件事；主体部分当然要讲做这件事的每个步骤；文尾要进行总结。要说明其必要性，可以使用诸如：It is necessary for a person to know how to post a parcel, since almost everyone has relatives and friends living far away and he may like to send them something.这样的句子。