【学历类职业资格】英语(一)自考题-14及答案解析.doc

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1、英语(一)自考题-14 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Help Your Child Become a ReaderEncouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong(终身的) love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do t

2、o build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help.Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional childrens games can be adapted to encourage reading skills.While reading or during play, tell your child, “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with t

3、he letter b.“ Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, “I see a barn.“ This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds. “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sound s.“ Help the child find a word that begins with th

4、e “s“ sound.In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, “Simon says. point to something that starts with the letter n.“ The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also he used to teach beginning

5、sounds.Make a game out of rhyming(押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the childs name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another.Tips to r

6、aise a successful reader:Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up.Let children “read to you“ by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures.Take b

7、ooks along on trips or even short visits to the doctors office or grocery store.Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary.（分数：10.00）(1).A good reading habit can help your child do well at school._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

8、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).To build childrens reading skills, you read to them is very important._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Computer games can be used to help children develop their reading skills._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Many traditional childrens g

9、ames can improve their reading skills._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).When playing a game you should ask your child to find something starting with the letter b instead of c._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The purpose of the rhyming games is to make prep

10、arations for children to write poems._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Books should be kept in childrens reading room._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(8).You can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.

11、C.(9).You should take books with you when you go out with your child._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(10).Let children buy things can enhance their reading ability._ A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.二、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Single-parent Kids Do BestSingle mums are bette

12、r at raising their kids than two parents-at least in the bird world. Mother zebra finches have to work harder and raise fewer chicks on their own, but they also produce more attractive sons who are more likely to get a mate.The finding shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary drivi

13、ng force as ecological factors such as hunting and food supply. With two parents around, theres always a conflict of interests, which can have a detrimental effect on the quality of the offspring.In evolutionary terms, the best strategy for any parent in the animal world is to find someone else to c

14、are for their offspring, so they can concentrate on breeding again. So its normal for parents to try to pass the buck to each other. But fan Hartley from the University of Lancaster and his team wondered how families solve this conflict, and how the conflict itself affects the offspring.To find out,

15、 they measured how much effort zebra finch parents put into raising their babies. They compared single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each single mum bad two-supposedly

16、the same amount of work.But single mums, they found, put in about 25 per cent more effort than females rearing with their mate. To avoid being exploited, mothers with a partner hold back from working too hard if the father is being lazy, and its the chicks that pay the price. “The offspring suffer s

17、ome of the cost of this conflict“ , says Hartley.The cost does not show in any obvious decrease in size or weight, but in how attractive they are to the opposite sex. When the chicks were mature, the researchers tested the “fitness“ of the male offspring by offering females their choice of partner.

18、Those males reared by single mums were chosen more often than those from two-parent families.Sexual conflict has long been thought to affect the quality of care given to offspring, says zoologist Rebecca Kilner at Cambridge University, who works on conflict of parents in birds. “But the experimental

19、 evidence is not great. The breakthrough here is showing it empirically.“More surprising, says Kilner, is Hartleys statement that conflict may be a strong influence on the evolution of behaviour, clutch size and even appearance. “People have not really made that link“, says Hartley. A females reprod

20、uctive strategy is usually thought to he affected by hunting and food supply. Kilner says conflict of parents should now be taken into account as well.（分数：10.00）(1).With which of the following statements would the author probably agree?_ A. Single mums produce stronger sons. B. Single mums do not pr

21、oduce daughters. C. Two-parent families produce less attractive children. D. Two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, in what way does family conflict affect the quality of the offspring?_ A. The young males get less care. B. The young femal

22、es will decrease in weight. C. The offspring will become lazy fathers or mothers in the future. D. The offspring will not get mature easily.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5?_ A. Cause and effect. B. Experiment and result. C. Problem and solution. D. T

23、opic and comment.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Hartley, which of the following is NOT influenced by sexual conflict?_ A. The evolution of the offsprings behaviour. B. The look of the offsprings faces. C. The number of eggs produced by one offspring at a time. D. The offsprings body size.（分数：2.00

24、）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, people believe that a females reproductive strategy is influenced by_ A. an evolutionary driving force B. a conflict of interests C. ecological factors D. the quality of the offspring（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Econom

25、y Growing?1 In todays knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.2 Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much o

26、f anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consulta

27、nts and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.3 Although the countrys trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing .to worry about. In fact, Britain does have

28、 a world class pharmaceutical industry and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordswor

29、th has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rockn roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.4 However, creative industries account for only about 4

30、percent of UKs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it bard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in “innovation activities“, 3 percentage points

31、below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent)and Sweden(47 percent).5 In fact, it might be better to call Britain a “servant“ economy-there are at least 4 million people “in service“. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children.

32、Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for-which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low skill end of the service sector-in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.A. The Best economy of a nationB. “Servant“ Econo

33、myC. Strength of the Creative EconomyD. Weakness of the Creative EconomyE. Gift of talkingF. Export of Talking Machines（分数：5.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. the gift

34、of talkingB. to do low-skill jobsC. to feed its peopleD. to handle disputesE. to make a profitF. to worry about the British economy（分数：5.00）(1).Every country has its own way_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Britain specializes in_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The British government doesnt seem_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The c

35、reative industries find it difficult_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Many graduates are employed_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Worse Living Through Better TechnologyI believe that advances in technology over the last fifty years have only served as a catalyst to the breakdown of our society and, though I

36、 cant stop them, I will try to curb the effects they have on my family and me. Television, being perhaps the most significant technological breakthrough ever, has allowed society to escape from reality and replace it with whatever is on the screen. U U 1 /U /UAnyone who has seen The Partridge Family

37、 knows that life really isnt like that, and this can leave a person feeling empty and cheated. U U 2 /U /UThe more television I watch, the more likely I am to become detached from my own life and from reality. It is too easy to get caught up in whatever is happening on screen. U U 3 /U /UIt is very

38、easy to take what you hear on any given news channel as the way it is, but maybe it is just the way they want you to perceive it.If its not the news thats being piped into the television, its something even worse, like the latest trend-reality television. U U 4 /U /USports programs, to my mind, have

39、 also always been a great distraction from reality. I find it amazing that I am still attracted to the result of a football game when it has absolutely no bearing on my existence whatsoever.It was Halloween last night and, since I dont have cable at the moment, I watched The Great Pumpkin, Charlie B

40、rown with my family via YouTube on my PlayStation 3, which happens to double as a web browser. I told my kids that the cartoon was from 1966, and that back then no one would be able to imagine this program being watched on something like a PlayStation 3, over a network like YouTube, rather than on N

41、BC, ABC, or CBS. Those were the only three networks I had when I was growing up. U U 5 /U /UA. Meanwhile my own life gets put on hold and my problems dont get fixed.B. I dont know about anyone else but my reality isnt like the reality I see on these programs.C. I believe that this not only makes a p

42、erson unable to identify with himself, but also sets unrealistic standards of what life should be like.D. Although I have not allowed technology to take over my life completely, I know that I would be foolish to think it doesnt affect me in many ways.E. Television also leaves less time for other act

43、ivities that can stimulate your mind, for example reading a book, or conversing with friends or family.F. I was able to convey my message to my kids about how far technology has come.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Aunt MyrtleThe teacher who did the most to U U 1 /U /

44、Ume was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mothers brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my U U 2 /U /Uand youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every U U 3 /U /Uof my potential, without regard for wh

45、at was considered practical possible for black females. I liked to sing;she listened to my U U 4 /U /Uand pronounced it good. I couldnt dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre-not just childrens theatre U U 5 /U /Uadult comedies and dramas-and her faith that I could

46、appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive U U 6 /U /Uand shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and Ill never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquiss Archy Meh

47、itabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist“. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was U U 7 /U /Uto cover teenage social activities-and it did-but it also gave me the freedom to write on many U U 8 /U /Usubjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the d