【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷86及答案解析.doc

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1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 86 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_Large companies need a way to reach the saving of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little pros

3、pect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a

4、share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the saving of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his money back,

5、 he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities.

6、Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and n

7、ationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to

8、 finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.（分数：10.00）(1).Almost all companies involved in new production and development must_.（

9、分数：2.00）A.rely on their own financial resourcesB.persuade the banks to provide long-term financeC.borrow large sums of money from friends and people they knowD.depend on the population as a whole for finance(2).The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is_.（分数：2.00）A.re

10、paid to its original owners as soon as possibleB.raised by the selling of shares in the companiesC.exchanged for part ownership in The Stock ExchangeD.invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange(3).When the savers want their money back they_.（分数：2.00）A.ask another company to obtain their m

11、oney for themB.look for other people to borrow money fromC.put their shares in the company back on the marketD.transfer their money to more successful company(4).All the essential services on which we depend are_.（分数：2.00）A.run by the Government or our local authoritiesB.in constant need of financia

12、l supportC.financed wholly by rates and taxesD.unable to provide for the needs of the population(5).The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries_.（分数：2.00）A.to borrow as much money as they wishB.to make certain everybody saves moneyC.to raise

13、 money to finance new developmentsD.to make certain everybody lends money to themThere is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly d

14、ifferent ideas about how to teach it, or how much prioritize it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling. If spelling b

15、ecomes the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe“. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. Thats why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to conten

16、t rather than technical ability. I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible (难以辨认的).“ It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupils technical abi

17、lities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the childs deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the childs ideas, an expressi

18、on of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.（分数：10.00）(1).Teachers are different in their opinions about_.（分数：2.00）A.the difficulties in teaching spellingB.the role of spelling in general language developmentC.the complexities of the

19、basic spelling skillsD.the necessity of teaching spelling(2).The expression “play safe“ probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.to write carefullyB.to do as teachers sayC.to use dictionaries frequentlyD.to avoid using words one is not sure of(3).Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that_.（分数：2.00）A.stud

20、ents will be able to express their ideas more freelyB.teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakesC.students will have more confidence in writingD.students will learn to be independent of teachers(4).The writer seems to think that the teachers judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is

21、_.（分数：2.00）A.reasonableB.unfairC.foolishD.careless(5).The major point discussed in the passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.the importance of developing spelling skillsB.the complexities of spellingC.the correct way of marking compositionsD.the relationship between spelling and the content of a compositionTrees s

22、hould only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it

23、unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. Firstly, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or

24、 give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preve

25、nting the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period

26、when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make the area which has been pruned smooth and clear, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then pa

27、int it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and it is, too, very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed, if this does

28、 happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.（分数：10.00）(1).Pruning is sometimes done to_.（分数：2.00）A.allow the tree to grow in its own wayB.get rid of small branchesC.improve the shape of the treeD.let the tree grow taller(2).Trees will become unhealthy when_.（分数：2.00）A.too many branc

29、hes grow in the middleB.branches in the middle are cut awayC.small side branches become thickD.overgrown branches are removed(3).A special substance is painted on the cut surface of the tree_.（分数：2.00）A.to prevent the bleeding of the liquidB.to prevent disease from entering the woundC.to help the wo

30、und dry quicklyD.to remedy the roughness of the wound(4).A good gardener prunes a tree_ .（分数：2.00）A.at intervals throughout the yearB.regularly every winterC.only when necessaryD.once every year(5).What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?（分数：2.00）A.To describe the advantages of prun

31、ing.B.To give a general description of pruning.C.To discuss different methods of pruning.D.To explain the reasons for pruning.Compulsive shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the “shop-

32、till-you-drop“ habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them distress. “It becomes a problem when you are out of control,“ psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. “When you are f

33、eeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.“ Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money. Compulsive shoppin

34、g was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem. An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wil

35、son, is “clearly not rare“. He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs. “As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,“ Mr Wilson said. The aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program,

36、consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management. “You often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with w

37、hats making you feel that way,“ Mr Wilson said.（分数：10.00）(1).What is this article mostly about?（分数：2.00）A.Signs of compulsive shopping.B.Studies of compulsive shopping.C.Comparison of compulsive shopping and compulsive eating.D.An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.(2).The compulsi

38、ve shoppers will go shopping when _.（分数：2.00）A.they have lots of moneyB.they are taking drugsC.they are feeling sadD.they win a prize(3).The underlined word “it“ in the first paragraph most probably refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.compulsive eatingB.a new psychological excuseC.the study done by BlampiedD.the

39、 behavior of wild shopping(4).Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?（分数：2.00）A.Teaching them to manage their money better.B.Teaching them to understand their emotions.C.Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.D.Treating them with right drugs.(5).How l

40、ong will the treatment program last?（分数：2.00）A.Ten hours.B.One week.C.Ten days.D.Ten weeks.The north Australian city on Darwin was devastated by a strong cyclone on Christmas Day. The death and destruction was due almost as much to human factors as to the violence of the wind. People in Darwin had b

41、ecome so accustomed to cyclone warnings that few of them paid attention to the radio warnings of Cyclone Tracy approach, which began early on Christmas Eve. Many people, in fact, died in their cars as they tried to drive home through the cyclone from Christmas parties or social calls. Since Townsvil

42、le was devastated by a cyclone in December 1971, the weather authorities have regularly issued alarms of every dangerous cyclone. But because few of the cyclones ever hit the coastal towns, people there had come to ignore the warnings. Darwins last alert was broadcast only two weeks before Cyclone T

43、racy. On that occasion the storm changed direction and headed off harmlessly down the coast. Apart from those people killed in their cars, nearly all the other victims died in the damage of their homes which, despite the fact that Darwin lies in the recognized cyclone belt, had not been built to wit

44、hstand cyclonic winds. Although building standards in other states of Australia were made much stricter after the tragedy at Townsville, die Darwin authorities never followed the new regulations. Consequently most of suburban Darwin was built of light wood and iron raised off the ground on piles to

45、give coolness in the tropical climate. And the sides of the houses were simply nailed to the roof instead of being firmly attached with what Australian builders call “cyclone bolts“. As a result, many people were killed by flying sheets of iron from the roofs.（分数：10.00）(1).The inhabitants of Darwin

46、ignored the cyclone warning because_.（分数：2.00）A.it was Christmas EveB.Darwin does not lie in the cyclone beltC.cyclones rarely hit their townD.they were accustomed to the attacks of cyclones(2).The main reason many people died in the cyclone was that_.（分数：2.00）A.the storm came without warningB.they

47、were reluctant to leave before the cycloneC.their houses were not built as requiredD.the storm was so strong that nothing could resist its violence(3).Two weeks before Christmas Day_.（分数：2.00）A.Darwin was hit by a cycloneB.a cyclone passed close to DarwinC.the warning of Cyclone Tracy was givenD.Tow

48、nsville was devastated by a cyclone(4).After Townsville was devastated by a cyclone, the Darwin authorities_.（分数：2.00）A.paid much attention to cyclone warning and preventionB.demanded that the house be built with cyclone boltsC.followed the example of the other Australian statesD.took no notice of t

49、he new regulations(5).The passage is meant to illustrate that_.（分数：2.00）A.cyclones hit the coastal towns of Australia quite oftenB.it is essential to establish an adequate cyclone warning systemC.the tragedy of Darwin was to a great extent due to the negligence of the cyclone warningD.much cant be done to avoid the attack of cyclones专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 86 答案解析(总分