【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷77及答案解析.doc

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1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 77 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal

3、to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professi

4、onal achievement, religious commitment, self-improvement. Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled w

5、ith fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the fun to describe raising children. But couples who deci

6、de not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time; now we can devote more hours to activities that can genui

7、nely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.（分数：10.00

8、）(1).According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because_.（分数：2.00）A.he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB.he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC.he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD.he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventu

9、re and excitement(2).Raising children, in the authors opinion, is_.（分数：2.00）A.a moral dutyB.a thankless jobC.a rewarding taskD.a source of inevitable pain(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from_.（分数：2.00）A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.ignorance(4).To understand w

10、hat true happiness is one must_.（分数：2.00）A.have as much fun as possible during ones lifetimeB.make every effort to liberate oneself from painC.put up with pain under all circumstancesD.be able to distinguish happiness from fun(5).What is the author trying to tell us?（分数：2.00）A.Happiness often goes h

11、and in hand with pain.B.One must know how to attain happiness.C.It is important to make commitments.D.It is pain that leads to happiness.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skillthe first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning

12、 of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to

13、 learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of s

14、trictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As

15、 regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not

16、 practice what they preach, their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their moral can be a dangerous dis

17、appointment.（分数：10.00）(1).Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills_.（分数：2.00）A.should be avoidedB.is universal among parentsC.sets up dangerous states of worry in the childD.will make him lose interest in learning new things(2).In the process of childrens learning new skills parents_.（分

18、数：2.00）A.should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they readB.should not expect too much of themC.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their ownD.should create as many learning opportunities as possible(3).The second paragraph mainly tel

19、ls us that_.（分数：2.00）A.parents should be strict with their childrenB.parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the communityC.parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children aloneD.parents vary in their strictness towards their ch

20、ildren according to the situation(4).The word “precept“ (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.punishmentC.behaviorD.instruction(5).In moral matters, parents should_.（分数：2.00）A.observe the rules themselvesB.be aware of the marked difference between adults and childrenC.forbid things whic

21、h have no foundation in moralityD.consistently ensure the security of their childrenA good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sports to business to fashion to science,

22、and the range of comment and special features(特写) as well, from editorial page to feature article and interviews to criticism of books, art, theater, and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it; never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to

23、there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What bring this variety together in one pla

24、ce is its topicality (时事性) , its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people re

25、ally read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that days paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wa

26、sting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.（分数：10.00）(1).A modern paper is remarkable for all the following except its_.（分数：2.00）A.wide coverageB.uniform styleC.speed in reporting newsD.popularity(2).According to the passage, the reasons why no two

27、 people really read the “same“ newspaper is that_.（分数：2.00）A.people scan for the news they are interested inB.different people prefer different newspaperC.people are rarely interested in the same thing of newsD.people have different views about what a good newspaper is(3).It can be concluded from th

28、e passage that newspaper readers_.（分数：2.00）A.apply reading techniques skillfullyB.jump from one newspaper to anotherC.appreciate the variety of a newspaperD.usually read a newspaper selectively(4).A good newspaper offers “a variety“ to readers because_.（分数：2.00）A.it tries to serve different readersB

29、.it has to cover things that happen in a certain localityC.readers are difficult to pleaseD.readers like to read different newspapers(5).The best title for this passage would be_.（分数：2.00）A.The Importance of Newspaper TopicalityB.The Characteristics of a good NewspaperC.The Variety of a Good Newspap

30、erD.Some Suggestion on How to Read a NewspaperWe have recently heard a great deal about the bad effects of computers on our social and economic institutions. In industry, computers mean automation, and automation means unemployment. The United States, with its extravagant investment in computers, is

31、 plagued (使得灾祸，烦恼) by unemployment for unskilled workers. Already computers have begun to displace workers whose tasks are simple. The variety of jobs, formerly done only by humans, that the machine can perform more rapidly, accurately, and economically, increases with each new generation of compute

32、rs. If we follow this trend, say the pessimists (悲观主义者), we are faced with the prospect of mass unemployment for all but a handful of highly trained, highly intelligent professionals, who will then be more influential and overworked than they are now. Only recently a distinguished English physicist

33、predicted that within twenty years electronic engineers might have to become conscientious objectors in order to prevent these machines from wrecking out (使遭难，破坏) social and economic institutions. What can we do about it? It is foolish to dream of reversing history. We cannot pass laws forbidding th

34、e advancement of science and technology. The computing machines are here, and they will grow because engineers want to build them, soldiers want to enlist them in new weapon systems and politicians want their help in the process of government. In short, they will flourish because they enable us to a

35、ccomplish tasks that could never before have been undertaken, no matter how many unskilled laborers we might have set to work. Computers will continue to amplify our intelligence for just the same reason that engines continue to amplify our muscles. The question we must ask is not whether we shall h

36、ave computers or not have computers, but rather, since we are going to have them, how we can make the most humane and intelligent use of them.（分数：10.00）(1).The author insists that_ .（分数：2.00）A.computers will continue to have bad effects on our social and economic institutionsB.computers will continu

37、e to cause mass unemploymentC.computers will lead to economic controlsD.computers will continue to flourish, but there is no cause for pessimism(2).According to the article, which of the following best characterizes the authors attitude towards the computer?（分数：2.00）A.Extremely pessimistic.B.Cautiou

38、sly optimistic.C.Extremely optimistic.D.Cautiously pessimistic.(3).The author suggests that computers will continue to grow and flourish because_.（分数：2.00）A.it is foolish and impossible to reverse historyB.no laws can forbid the advancement of science and technologyC.engines amplify our musclesD.the

39、y can be and have been put to good use(4).The main idea of the last paragraph is_.（分数：2.00）A.that computers are misleadingB.that computers have caused industrial strifeC.that we are able to build bigger and faster computersD.that we can make the most humane and intelligent use of computers(5).“Consc

40、ientious objectors“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.people who refuse to do something for moral reasonsB.objects in the minds of the engineersC.pessimists who find the whole situation hopelessD.machines that can prevent computers from ruining usCrime in the cities has had

41、 more publicity than crime in the suburbs, but in recent years many of the suburbs have found their crime rates increasing faster than those of the cities. One crime prevention aid is the Neighborhood Watch Program started five years ago and is sponsored by the National Sheriffs(司法长官) Association. T

42、he aim is to get people to watch out for their neighbors. They are asked to be alert for any unusual activity, such as strangers who may be bringing things out of a house to an unfamiliar waiting vehicle. Vandalism(破坏行为) is also a target of the program. Children are much less likely to run around wi

43、th spray(喷水) cans if they know that neighbors are alert and that they will probably be caught. The program should fit the specific neighborhood and be done with the knowledge and cooperation of the sheriffs office and the police department. So far, 2,300 programs have been set up with at least one i

44、n every state in the Union. In some cases, neighborhood block clubs have been established to give instructions. A National Neighborhood Watch Program has been set up, including one and one half to seven million citizens at a federal government cost of 5 cents to 22 cents per person. The national off

45、ice supplies sheriffs and local office departments with program materials, crime prevention literature, and ideas on making homes more secure. Statistics show that this system works and is working better all the time.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Th

46、ere has been as much crime in the cities as in the suburbs.B.Crime increases at the same rate in both the cities and the suburbs.C.Crime rates increase slower in the cities than in the suburbs.D.There has been more crime in the cities than in the suburbs.(2).Which of the following activities is not

47、affected by the Neighborhood Watch Program?（分数：2.00）A.Neighbors quarrel with each other.B.Strangers take things out of a house.C.Children run everywhere with spray cans.D.Vandals walk around the neighborhood.(3).What is the purpose of the Neighborhood Watch Program?（分数：2.00）A.To replace the sheriffs

48、 and policemans duties.B.To get the people united together so they can become better friends.C.To make people less suspicious of their neighbors.D.To decrease the neighborhood crime rate.(4).How far has the program gone?（分数：2.00）A.The federal government assists in financing a national Neighborhood W

49、atch Program.B.Many thousands of neighborhoods have organized them.C.It cost the government between 22 and 25 cents per person.D.Some states have not become involved yet.(5).The national office contributes a lot to Neighborhood Watch Program, including all the following actions except_.（分数：2.00）A.providing program materials to local office departmentsB.supplying