【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷74及答案解析.doc

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1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 74 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and unde

3、rstandhe wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and co

4、lors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from t

5、he world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing m

6、ore in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter chooses to paint a gangrenous leg and another a lake in moonlight. Each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world, each painter is telling us something, show

7、ing us something, emphasizing somethingall of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.（分数：10.00）(1).It is hard to explain what a painter is saying, because_.（分数：2.00）A.most painters do not express themselves wellB.a painter uses unusual words and phrasesC.a painter u

8、ses shapes and colors instead of wordsD.many painters do not say anything(2).Without the artists work the public might not_.（分数：2.00）A.notice particular shapes or colorsB.see the shapes and colors that express his experiencesC.feel his delight in shapes and colorsD.all of the above(3).An artists cho

9、ice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them to be_.（分数：2.00）A.meaningful in themselvesB.merely beautifulC.a reflection of his experiencesD.worth looking at(4).Compared with a painter of unpleasant subjects, a painter who draws a lake in moonlight is _.（分数：2.00）A.conveying more meaningB.

10、pointing out different thingsC.more skilledD.communicating less(5).Implied but not stated; _.（分数：2.00）A.A painting is more easily understood than a symphonyB.Art is merely the arranging of shape and colorC.Every artist tries to say something to the publicD.One must look beyond shape and color to fin

11、d what the artist is sayingAlthough the United States cherishes the tradition that it is a nation of small towns and wide open spaces, only one in every eight Americans now lives on a farm. The recent population trend has been a double one, toward both urbanization and suburbanization. Metropolitan

12、areas had grown explosively in the past decade, and nearly half this increase has been in the suburbs. With the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization. The flight of Americans from the central city to the suburbs constituted one of the greatest migrations of modern times; qui

13、et residential sections outside cities have become conglomerations of streets, split-level houses, and shopping centers. This spurt of suburban expansion, however, does not alter the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations on the face of the earth. Census (人口调查) Bu

14、reau figures show that the rural population has been shrinking steadily since 1830. When the United States became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258,000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and the ea

15、st north-central states, on the Pacific and Gulf coasts, and near the shores of the Great Lakes. Some sociologists now regard the entire 600-mile stretch between Boston and Washington, D. C. an area holding a fifth of the countrys populationas one vast city or, as they call it, megalopolis.（分数：10.00

16、）(1).A traditional American belief is that_.（分数：2.00）A.few people live on farmsB.the nation consists mainly of small towns and wide open spacesC.the population is the greatest in the worldD.the United States is a nation of big cities(2).The selection says that trends are toward the_.（分数：2.00）A.growt

17、h of cities and shrinking of suburban areasB.growth of both rural and suburban areasC.shrinking of urban and suburban areasD.growth of urban and suburban areas(3).Nearly half the increase in metropolitan population is accounted for by the_.（分数：2.00）A.growth of small townsB.migration to farm areasC.g

18、rowth of the suburbsD.expansion of existing urban areas(4).The author implies that the modem suburb is_.（分数：2.00）A.quiet and residentialB.very rural in characterC.confused and overgrownD.much like a small town(5).Megalopolis is the sociologists name for a_.（分数：2.00）A.suburban area around a cityB.lar

19、ge city and its suburbsC.group of towns organized as a cityD.group of cities blending to form one huge cityAmtrak(美国铁路客运公司) was experiencing a downswing in ridership (客运量) along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-dis

20、tance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly. At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and

21、 the automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and

22、increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west. Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliersthose concerned with safety, relaxation, and cleanliness and 2) travel-loversthose viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel expe

23、rience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures. Ad

24、vertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature

25、and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?（分数：2.00）A.To show th

26、e inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience.B.To stress the influence of the automobile on Americas standard of convenience.C.To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.D.To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in chan

27、ging consumer attitudes.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that_.（分数：2.00）A.trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportationB.trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportationC.trains were not as fast

28、 and convenient as they used to beD.trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience(3).To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized_.（分数：2.00）A.the freedom and convenience provided on trainsB.the practical aspects of train travelC.the adventurous aspects

29、of train tripsD.the safety and cleanliness of train trips(4).The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and America because_.（分数：2.00）A.they could focus on meaningful travel experiencesB.they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programsC.their profits could b

30、e increased by some 15 percentD.most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences(5).According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because_.（分数：2.00）A.the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertisedB.it provi

31、ded an exciting travel experienceC.its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoorsD.it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and SeattleA new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage. They

32、may be underdeveloped or underweight. They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence. In addition, poorly nourished children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults. The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition. Many children who

33、 live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons. For example, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breast milk. This milk-like substance is called colostrum. It is full of nutrients that improve a babys ability to fight infections and disease

34、. The study also links malnutrition to economic growth in poor countries. A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings. Many of these same countries have economies that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly. The study

35、suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition. Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition. The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food. The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutriti

36、on in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa. Other parts of the world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru. The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition. Instead of directl

37、y providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies. It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care. World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between Pregnancy and two years is extre

38、mely important. Governments with limited resources should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the main topic of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Poor nutrition in developing countries.B.World Bank research.C.Economic growth rate.D.Ways to fight malnutrit

39、ion in developed countries.(2).It can be inferred from para. 2 that children who get sufficient food might suffer malnutrition because_.（分数：2.00）A.they eat too much rubbish food everydayB.they take little physical exerciseC.they are lacking in some kinds of necessary nutrientsD.their mothers do not

40、have time to take care of them in the day(3).If a poor country managed to provide enough food for children, the yearly economic growth rate would_.（分数：2.00）A.dropB.not changeC.riseD.exceed 2 percent(4).According to the passage we know that nearly 50 percent of children suffer malnutrition in_.（分数：2.

41、00）A.UzbekistanB.South AsiaC.South AfricaD.India(5).Meera Shekar believed that poor countries should help malnourished children by_.（分数：2.00）A.providing food directlyB.educational programs in health and nutritionC.improving living conditionsD.improving health careLike fine food, good writing is some

42、thing we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary , just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote

43、long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purposeschool work, matters of business, or purely social communication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding. There are still some remote places in the world where yo

44、u might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.“ But for most of us, i

45、f there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves. We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by

46、 hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read. We want to arouse and hold the interest of the readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters-to-be-r

47、ead“ file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.（分数：10.00）(1).In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because_.（分数：2.00）A.both writers and cooks have to work long hours every dayB

48、.both are essential to lifeC.both are enjoyableD.both writers and cooks can earn a good living(2).A public “scribe“ (Para. 2) is_.（分数：2.00）A.a secretary who does your business or social writingB.a machine that does writing for youC.a public school where writing is taughtD.a person who earns a living

49、 by writing for others(3).According to the passage, some managers dont have to do any letter writing because_.（分数：2.00）A.they rely on quick notesB.they have a computer to do itC.they have excellent secretariesD.they prefer making phone calls(4).According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some “letters-to-be-read“ file, _.（分数：2.00）A.i