【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷57及答案解析.doc

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1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 57 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the

3、 colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short

4、 supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making. In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company o

5、f London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Ja

6、mestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the subject of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The reasons for brick-making in Jamestown.B.T

7、he cause of the failure of Jamestown.C.The laws of the Virginia colonists.D.The problems of the early American colonies.(2).Which of the following was NOT a reason for using bricks in construction?（分数：2.00）A.Wood had to be brought from some distance.B.There was considerable clay available.C.The lumb

8、ering process depended on good roads.D.The timber was not of good quality.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that Jamestown was established on_.（分数：2.00）A.a rocky peninsula with a small forest areaB.a barren peninsula near other townsC.an uninhabitable peninsula with few natural resourcesD.a wo

9、oded peninsula with clay soil(4).It can be inferred that the Virginia Assembly, by passing a law regarding building construction, hoped to_.（分数：2.00）A.increase the manufacture of bricksB.prevent the destruction of trees in the area of JamestownC.establish a city that would be an example for the futu

10、reD.discourage people from settling in Jamestown(5).According to the passage, what eventually happened to Jamestown?（分数：2.00）A.It was practically destroyed.B.It became a model city.C.It remained the seat of government.D.It was almost completed.In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a depos

11、it on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it w

12、ould be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场) . The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic. Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the c

13、ountry buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc. As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it

14、a second lifeand until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials. Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local

15、 governments to took more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $ 100 per t

16、on. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.（分数：10.00）(1).What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?（分数：2.00）A.

17、Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B.Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C.A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D.Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on r

18、eturning them.(2).The returned plastic bottles in New York used to_.（分数：2.00）A.end up somewhere undergroundB.be turned into raw materialsC.have a second life valueD.be separated from other rubbish(3).The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is_.（分数：2.00）A.to sell them at

19、a profitable priceB.how to turn them into useful thingsC.how to reduce their recycling costsD.to lower the prices for used materials(4).Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because_.（分数：2.00）A.local governments find it easy to manageB.recycling has great appeal for the j

20、oblessC.recycling causes little pollutionD.other methods are more expensive(5).It can be concluded from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsB.local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recyclingC.recycling is to be recommended b

21、oth economically and environmentallyD.landfills will still be widely used for waste disposalNot all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive th

22、ese experiences in nightmares (噩梦). Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase (抹去), the effect of painful me

23、mories. In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased. The research has caus

24、ed a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin peoples lives. They com

25、e back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,“ said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.“ But those who are against the research say that it is very da

26、ngerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out,“ said Rebecca Dresser, a

27、 medical ethicist.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.a new medical inventionB.a new research on memoriesC.a way of erasing painful memoriesD.an argument about the research on the pill(2).The drug tested on people can_.（分数：2.00）A.cause the brain to fix memoriesB.stop people remembe

28、ring their experiencesC.prevent body producing certain chemicalsD.wipe out the emotional effects of memories(3).We can infer from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.people doubt the effects of the pillsB.the pill will stop peoples bad experiencesC.taking the pill will do harm to peoples healthD.the pill h

29、as probably been produced in America(4).Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?（分数：2.00）A.Some memories can ruin peoples lives.B.People want to get rid of bad memories.C.Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D.The pill will reduce peoples sufferings from bad memories

30、.(5).The word “scars“ in Paragraph One is close in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.good storiesB.painsC.experiencesD.memoriesBAGHDAD, IraqGunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said. Maj. Falah Mohama

31、dawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city. The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the t

32、oughest in Baghdad. According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimis office, three armed men intercepted (拦截) the journalists car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimis office. Insurgents have kidnapped more

33、 than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government. Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the arme

34、d groups to release them. On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U. S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers two Canadians, a Briton and an American.（分数：10.00）(1).We can learn from the text that_.（分数：2.00）A.t

35、he American journalist was kidnapped on the way to cover another abductionB.the American journalists translator died as soon as he was struckC.the police was told the abduction by a passer-byD.the abduction happened inside the city of Baghdad(2).Why did the insurgents kidnap the American journalist?

36、（分数：2.00）A.Only to rob her of her money.B.To rape her.C.Only to take her hostage.D.To make American troops out of Iraq.(3).The underlined word “released“ in paragraph 5 means_.（分数：2.00）A.set freeB.caused to move freelyC.made knownD.given up(4).We can infer from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.the Frenc

37、h engineer must have done something to do with the American journalistB.the French engineer mentioned in the passage must have done something bad to IraqC.France probably has something to do with the US troops stationed in IraqD.the French engineer mentioned in the passage must be a spy(5).What did

38、the insurgents do with the hostages?（分数：2.00）A.They killed the hostages all after they caught them.B.They either got rid of them or freed them; it all depended.C.They did nothing to the hostages; they only used them to threaten the American troops.D.They cared for the hostages very well just to use

39、them to advise the American authorities to withdraw troops from Iraq.There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life. Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsib

40、ility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations. The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly. Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, telev

41、ision, PlayStations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle. The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more conv

42、enient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with “perfect“ body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do. Environments vary. We

43、 may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life. Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the d

44、esire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthyif he/she is motivated enough!（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.benefits of a healthy life styleB.demands of daily lifeC.factors affecting a healthy lifestyleD.a positive approach to healthy livi

45、ng(2).The word “sedentary“ in Paragraph 4 probable means_.（分数：2.00）A.having a lot of things to doB.involving little exercise or physical activityC.being isolated from the outside worldD.experiencing a lot of stress(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor leading to the

46、popularity of fast food?（分数：2.00）A.Cheap price.B.The media.C.Busy lifestyle.D.Convenience.(4).Which is NOT listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle?（分数：2.00）A.Pollution.B.Economic factors.C.Dependence upon cars.D.Influence of family or friends.(5).According to the autho

47、r, _may be the most important factor influencing healthy lifestyles.（分数：2.00）A.technologyB.cultural backgroundC.environmentD.the desire to be healthy专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 57 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four

48、passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_解析：The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly beca