【计算机类职业资格】(A)系统架构设计师-应用数学、专业英语、架构设计论文及答案解析.doc
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1、(A)系统架构设计师-应用数学、专业英语、架构设计论文及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:12,分数:56.00)1.对实际应用问题建立了数学模型后,一般还需要对该模型进行检验。通过检验尽可能找出模型中的问题,以利于改进模型,有时还可能会否定该模型。检验模型的做法有多种,但一般不会_。A利用实际案例数据对模型进行检验B进行逻辑检验,分析该模型是否会出现矛盾C用计算机模拟实际问题来检验模型D检验该模型所采用的技术能否被企业负责人理解(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.2.某类产品 n种品牌在某地区的市场占有率常用概率向量 u=(u1,u2,un)表示(各分
2、量分别表示各品牌的市场占有率,值非负,且总和为 1)。市场占有率每隔一定时间的变化常用转移矩阵 Pn*n表示。设初始时刻的市场占有率为向量 u,则下一时刻的市场占有率就是 uP1,再下一时刻的市场占有率就是uP2,如果在相当长时期内,该转移矩阵的元素均是常数,则市场占有率会逐步稳定到某个概率向量z,即出现 ZP=Z。这种稳定的市场占有率体现了转移矩阵的特征,与初始时刻的市场占有率无关。假设占领某地区市场的冰箱品牌 A与 B,每月市场占有率的变化可用如下常数转移矩阵来描述:(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.3.对实际应用问题建立数学模型并求得结果后,还需要根据建模的目的和要求,利用相关知识,结合
3、研究对象的特点,进行模型分析。模型分析工作一般不包括_。A模型的合理性分析 B模型的误差分析C模型的先进性分析 D参数的灵敏性分析(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.4.某软件公司开发某种软件产品时花费的固定成本为 16万元,每套产品的可变成本为 2元,设销售单价为 10元,则需要销售_套才能达到盈亏平衡点。A13000 B16000C18000 D20000(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.5.在军事演习中,张司令希望将部队尽快从 A地通过公路网(如图所示)运送到 F地。图中标出了各路段上的最大运量(单位:千人/小时)。根据该图可以算出,从 A地到 F地的最大运量是_千人/小时。(分数:2.0
4、0)A.B.C.D.6.某公司需要将 4吨贵金属材料分配给下属的甲、乙、丙三个子公司(单位:吨)。据测算,各子公司得到这些材料后所能获得的利润(单位:万元)如表所示。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.7.研究表明,肿瘤细胞的生长有以下规律:当肿瘤细胞数目超过 1011时才是临床可观察的;在肿瘤细胞生长初期,几乎每隔一定时间就会观测到肿瘤细胞数量翻一番;在肿瘤细胞生长后期,肿瘤细胞的数目趋向某个稳定值。为此,图_反映了肿瘤细胞的生长趋势。A肿瘤细胞数目B肿瘤细胞数目C肿瘤细胞数目D?(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.8.九个项目 A11、A12、A13、A21、A22、A23、A31、A32、A
5、33 的成本从 1百万、2 百万、到 9百万各不相同,但并不顺序对应。已知 A11与 A21、A12 与 A22的成本都有一倍关系,A11 与 A12、A21 与 A31、A22与 A23、A23 与 A33的成本都相差 1百万。由此可以推断,项目 A22的成本是_百万。A2 B4 C6 D8(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.An architectural style defines as a family of such systems in terms of a _ of structural organization. More specifically, an architectur
6、al style defines a vocabulary of _ and connector types, and a set of _ on how they can be combined. For many styles there may also exist one or more _ that specify how to determine a systems overall properties from the properties of its parts. Many of architectural styles have been developed over th
7、e years.The best-known examples of _ architectures are programs written in the Unix shell.(分数:10.00)(1).A. patternB. data flowC. business processD. position level(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(2).A. metadataB. componentsC. modelsD. entities(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(3).A. functionsB. code segmentsC. interfacesD. constrai
8、nts(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(4).A. semantic modelsB. weak entitiesC. data schemasD. business models(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(5).A. event-basedB. object-orientedC. pipe-and-filterD. layered(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.The software architecture is a set of software components, subsystems, relationships, interactions, the propert
9、ies of each of these elements, and the set of guiding principles that together constitute the fundamental properties and constraints of a software system or set of systems. _ defines a general set of element types and their interactions. The examples include Pipes and Filters, Model-View-Controller,
10、 and Reflection. A _ in software architecture is a representation used to understand or document one or more aspects of a problem or solution. Architecture is usually used in conjunction with many adjunct terms. The _ defines the key strategies, organization, goals and related processes of the enter
11、prise. At the enterprise level, the _ may be more of a set of guidelines on how the various software architectures should be constructed consistently across the enterprise. The _, which describes the high-level set of elements involved in application from a particular domain along with their interac
12、tions, is often used to focus on subsystem definition rather than application process level definition.(分数:10.00)(1).A. Architectural patternB. Architectural descriptionC. Architectural viewD. Architectural viewpoint(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(2).A. modelB. domainC. componentD. subsystem(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(3).A
13、. enterprise architectureB. technical architectureC. infrastructure architectureD. business architecture(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(4).A. enterprise architectureB. data architectureC. application architectureD. information architecture(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(5).A. product-line architectureB. reference architectureC
14、. technology architectureD. infrastructure architecture(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.The first task is to specify _,
15、which defines the technologies to be used by one, more, or all information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that are initially created during requirements analysis.The next systems
16、 design task is to develop the _. The purpose of this task is to prepare technical design specifications for a database that will be adaptable to future requirements and expansion.Once the database prototype has been built, the systems designer can work closely with system users to develop input, ou
17、tput and dialogue specifications. The _ must be specified to ensure that the outputs are not lost, misrouted, misused, or incomplete.The fourth design task involves packaging all the specifications from the previous design tasks into a set of specifications that will guide the _ activities during th
18、e following phases of the systems development methodology.Finally, we should _ and update the project plan accordingly. The key deliverable should include a detailed plan for the construction phase that should follow.(分数:10.00)(1).A. an application architectureB. a distributed systemC. a system scop
19、eD. a system physical model(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(2).A. database design specificationsB. database organization decisionsC. data structure specificationsD. data distribution decisions(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(3).A. format and layoutB. transaction detailsC. additional instructionsD. internal controls(分数:2.00)A.B.C
20、.D.(4).A. system administratorsB. system analystsC. computer programmersD. system designers(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(5).A. adjust the project scheduleB. reevaluate project feasibilityC. evaluate vendor proposalsD. select the best vendor proposal(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.An application architecture specifies the tech
21、nologies to be used to implement one or more information systems. It serves as an outline for detailed design, construction, and implementation. Given the models and details, include _, we can distribute data and processes to create a general design of application architecture. The design will norma
22、lly be constrained by architecture standards, project objectives, and _. The first physical DFD to be drawn is the _. The next step is to distribute data stores to different processors. Data _ are two types of distributed data which most RDBMSs support. There are many distribution options used in da
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