EN 10228-4-1999 Non-Destructive Testing of Steel Forgings - Part 4 Ultrasonic Testing of Austenitic and Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel Forgings《钢锻件的无损检测 第4.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD Non-des truc tive testing of steel forgings- Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings The European Standard EN 1022W1999 has the status of a British Standard ICs 77.040.20; 77.140.85 NO COPNG WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED

2、 BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 10228-4: 1999 l-tzng Amendment No. 1 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 1022841999 13204 -Na1 National foreword September Addition of s

3、upersession detais 2001 This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1022841999. Together with BS EN 102283:1998 it supersedes BS 41241991, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ISE/73, Steels for pressure purposes, to Subcomm

4、ittee ISE/73, Steel forgings for pressure purposes, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related internatonal and European developments and promulgate interpretation, or proposais for c

5、hange, and keep the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-refer en c e s The British Stank 77.1 40.85 English version Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of

6、 austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings Essais non destructifs des pices forges en aciers - Partie 4: Contrle par ultrasons des pices forges en aciers inoxydables austnitiques et austno-ferritiques Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schmiedestcken aus Stahl Teil 4: Ultraschallprfung von

7、 Schmiedestcken aus austenitischem und austenitisch-ferritischern nichtrostendem Stahl This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Intemal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a n

8、ational standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in

9、 any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Ge

10、rmany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels 0 1999 CEN Al

11、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10228-4:1999 E Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page

12、 2 EN 10228-4: 1999 Contents Foreword Scope Normative references Definitions Items for agreement Written procedure Personnel qualification Equipment and accessories Routine calibration and checking Stage of manufacture 10 Surface condition 11 Sensitivity 12 Scanning 13 Classification 14 Recording le

13、vels and acceptance criteria 15 Sizing 16 Reporting Annex A (informative) Maximum testable depth for circumferential shear wave scans Annex B (informative) dB amplitude of indication relative to % DAC Annex Z (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other

14、provisions of EU Directives. Page 3 4 4 5 5 5 6. 6 8 8 8 9 10 14 18 21 21 22 23 24 OBSI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 3 EN 10228-4: 1999 Foreword O

15、 This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISSRC 28, Steel forgings, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2000,

16、 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2000. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is considered to be a supporting standard to those a

17、pplication and product standards which in themselves support an essential safety requirement of a New Approach Directive and which make reference to this European Standard. The titles of the parts of this European Standard are: Part 1 : Magnetic particle inspection; Part 2: Penetrant testing; Part 3

18、: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic and martensitic steel forgings; Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eu

19、ropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. OBSI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under lic

20、ense with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 4 EN 10228-4: 1999 1 Scope This part of EN 10228 specifies methods for the manual, pulse-echo, ultrasonic testing of forgings manufactured from austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels. Me

21、chanized scanning techniques, such as immersion testing, may be used but should be agreed between the purchaser and supplier. This part of EN 10228 applies to four types of forgings, classified according to their shape and method of production. Types 1, 2 and 3 are essentially simple shapes. Type 4

22、covers complex shapes. This part of EN 10228 does not apply to: - rolled bars; - closed die forgings; - turbine rotor and generator forgings. Ultrasonic testing of ferritic and martensitic steel forgings is the subject of part 3 of this European Standard. 2 Normative references This part of EN 10228

23、 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to th

24、is part of EN 10228 only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 473 prEN 583-2 prEN 583-5 EN 1330-1 prEN 1330-4 prEN 12223 Qualification and certification of NDT personnel Non-destructive testing - Ultras

25、onic examination - Part 2: Sensitivity and range setting Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic examination - Part 5: Characterization and sizing of discontinuities Non destructive testing -Terminology - Part 1 : List of general terms Non destructive testing - Terminology - Part 4: Terms used in ultra

26、sonic testing Ultrasonic examination - Calibration blocks OBCI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 5 EN 10228-4: 1999 prEN 12668-1 O prEN 12668-2 prEN 12

27、668-3 Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonicexamination equipment - Part 1 : Instruments Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment - Part 2: Probes Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of

28、ultrasonic examination equipment - Part 3: Combined equipment 3 Definitions The definitions given in EN 1330-1 and prEN 1330-4 apply. 4 Items for agreement The following aspects concerning ultrasonic testing shall be agreed between the purchaser and supplier at the time of the enquiry or order: a) t

29、he volume(s) to be tested and whether grid scanning coverage or 100 % scanning b) whether near surface examination is required (see 7.2.6); c) the quality class required, or the quality classes and the zones to which they apply (see d) whether any special scanning coverage, equipment or couplant is

30、required in addition e) the scanning technique to be used if not manual (see clause 1); f) the sizing techniques to be used for extended discontinuities (see clause 15); g) the technique(s) to be used for setting sensitivity (see clause 11); h) whether the test is to be conducted in the presence of

31、the purchaser or his i) whether a written procedure shall be submitted for approval by the purchaser (see j) whether examination by shear wave probes is required (see 11.3); k) the remaining examination requirements for complex forgings (type 4) (see 12.2). coverage is required (see clause 12); clau

32、se 14); 2: to that detailed in clauses 7 and 12; representative; clause 5); 5 Written procedure Ultrasonic testing shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure. Where specified in the enquiry or order, the written procedure shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval prior to testi

33、ng. O OBSI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 6 EN 10228-4: 1999 This written procedure shall be in the form of: - a product specification; or - a proce

34、dure written specifically for the application; or - this part of EN 10228 may be used if it is accompanied by examination details specific to the application. The written procedure shall contain the following details as a minimum requirement: a) description of the item to be examined; b) reference d

35、ocuments; c) qualification and certification of examination personnel; d) stage of manufacture at which the examination is carried out; e) examination zones specified in terms of the applicable quality classes; f) preparation of scanning surfaces; g) couplant; h) description of examination equipment

36、; i) calibration and settings; j) scanning plan; k) description and sequence of examination operations; 1) recording levels; m) characterization of discontinuities; n) acceptance criteria; o) examination report. 6 Personnel qualification Personnel shall be qualified and certificated in accordance wi

37、th the requirements detailed in EN 473. 7 Equipment and accessories 7.1 Flaw detector The flaw detector shall feature A-scan presentation and shall conform to the requirements of prEN 12668- 1. OBCI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot fo

38、r ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 7 EN 10228-4: 1999 7.2 Probes o 7.2.1 General Probes used for the initial detection of defects shall conform to prEN 12668-2. Where supplementary probes are used for purposes other than the initial detection of defects

39、, they need not conform to prEN 12668-2. 7.2.2 Contouring When required, probes shall be contoured in accordance with prEN 583-2. 7.2.3 Nominal frequency Probes shall have a nominal frequency in the range from 0,5 MHz to 6 MHz. 7.2.4 Normal probes o Effective crystal diameter shall .be in the range

40、from 10 mm to 40 mm. 7.2.5 Shear wave probes Shear wave probe beam angles shall be in the range from 35“ to 70“. Effective crystal area shall be in the range from 20 mm2 to 625 m2. 7.2.6 Twin crystal probes If near-surface examination is required, then twin crystal probes shall be used. 7.3 Calibrat

41、ion blocks Calibration blocks shall conform to the requirements detailed in prEN 12223. a 7.4 Reference blocks Reference blocks shall be used when sensitivity is to be established by the distance amplitude curve (DAC) technique and/or when defects are to be sized in terms of amplitude relative to re

42、ference reflectors by the DAC technique. The surface condition of the reference block shall be representative of the surface condition of the part to be examined. Unless otherwise specified, the reference block shall contain at least three reflectors covering the entire depth range under examination

43、. The reference block shall be manufactured from one of the following: a) an excess length of the part to be examined, or OBSI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

44、-,-,-Page 8 EN 10228-411999 b) a part of the same material and with the same heat treatment condition as the part to c) a part having similar acoustic properties to the part to be examined. be examined; or Reference blocks shall not be used for the distance gain size (DGS) technique other than for c

45、hecking the accuracy of a particular DGS diagram. NOTE Different sizes of reflectors from those detailed in Tables 5 and 6 may be used as long as the test sensitivity is corrected accordingly. 7.5 Couplant The same type of couplant shall be used for calibration, setting sensitivity, scanning and def

46、ect assessment. NOTE Examples of suitable couplants are: water (with or without corrosion inhibitor or softener), grease, oil, glycerol and water-cellulose paste. After examination, couplant shall be removed if its presence could adversely affect later manufacturing or inspection operations or the i

47、ntegrity of the component. 8 Routine calibration and checking The combined equipment (flaw detector and probes) shall be calibrated and checked in accordance with the requirements detailed in prEN 12668-3. 9 Stage of manufacture Ultrasonic testing shall be performed after the final quality heat trea

48、tment or at the latest stage of manufacture at which the required ultrasonic coverage can be. achieved. NOTE For both cylindrical and rectangular forgings which are to be bored, it is recommended to carry out ultrasonic testing before boring. 10 Surface condition 10.1 General Surfaces to be scanned

49、shall be free from paint, non-adhering scale, dry couplant, surface irregularities or any other substance which could reduce coupling efficiency, hinder the free movement of the probe or cause errors in interpretation. OBSI 08-2001 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 9