ISO TS 15079-2001 Powered lawn garden and horticultural equipment - Operator controls - Guidance on actuating forces displacement location and methods of operat.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) ISO 2001TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15079 First edition 2001-09-01 Powered lawn, garden and horticultural equipment Operator controls Guidance on actuating forces, displacement, location and methods of operation Matriel moteur pour jardins, pelouses et pour

2、lhorticulture Commandes de loprateur Lignes directrices pour les forces dactionnement, dplacements, emplacements et mthodes de fonctionnement ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing poligy, this file may be printed or view

3、ed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in

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5、or use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means

6、, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrig

7、htiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reservedISO/TS 15079:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Control parameters2 4 Control actuating force and displacement Measurement.2 5 Control lo

8、cation and method of operation Ride-on machines.2 6 Control location and method of operation Pedestrian controlled machines .8 7 Actuating force and displacement of controls .12 ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a

9、 worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represente

10、d on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are draf

11、ted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Sta

12、ndard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (IS

13、O/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technic

14、al committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed every three years with a view to deciding whether it can be transformed into an International Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that so

15、me of the elements of ISO/TS 15079 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 15079 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 13, Powered lawn a

16、nd garden equipment. This first edition of ISO/TS 15079 replaces ISO 3789-3:1989, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Location and method of operation of operator controls Part 3: Controls for powered lawn and garden equipment, which has been technical

17、ly revised. ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved vIntroduction This Technical Specification gives guidance on the design of operator controls (herein called “controls”) with respect to their method of operation, actuating force, displacement and location. The controls are those located

18、at the operators normal working position, readily accessible and conveniently placed for the operator. The provisions contained in this Technical Specification were derived from experience, current practice, ergonomic literature and existing standards. Generalized control data pertaining to control-

19、actuation forces, displacement and location found in a number of ergonomic texts and references are not in total agreement. The myriad of variables affecting control design indicates that these control parameters are interactive and that no single value is correct for a given control design. Control

20、 method of operation has been standardized for a number of years and the operational methods contained in this Technical Specification are consistent with the International Standard it replaces as well as other standards relating to controls. Control design involves complex issues and is influenced

21、by control size, actuation, direction, displacement, and the relationship with, or proximity to, other controls and the operator. Operator capabilities are also influenced by many factors, including body position and control location or displacement direction relative to the operator. The unique sit

22、uation in which, and the purpose for which, a control device is to be used can materially affect the appropriateness of a given type of control and can justify (or virtually require) variations from a set of general recommendations or practice based on research or experience. It is therefore imperat

23、ive that tests involving multiple operators be performed as a prerequisite to final judgement of a machine control design essential to the correct operation of that machine. Control shape, size, texture, proximity, clearance and markings are essential elements of good control design. However, these

24、control elements are not included in this Technical Specification. For additional information concerning these subjects, the reader should consult an ergonomic reference or references. It is generally desirable to design a machine and its controls for the 5th to 95th percentile operator. In some cas

25、es, compromise is essential for meeting the multitude of objectives involved in the design of a machine. By testing a control system with multiple operators, final judgement can be made on controls involved in such compromises. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserve

26、d 1Powered lawn, garden and horticulture equipment Operator controls Guidance on actuating forces, displacement, location and methods of operation 1 Scope This Technical Specification gives guidance on actuating forces for hand and foot controls on powered lawn, garden and horticulture equipment, an

27、d their displacement, preferred location and method of operation. It is applicable to operator controls on both ride-on machines and pedestrian-controlled machines. Handheld products are not covered. This Technical Specification is not applicable to passive controls (e.g. seat-activated, operator-pr

28、esence controls utilized on ride-on machines). It contains data applicable to frequently used controls that require intentional operator actuation for control function. Infrequently used control forces and displacements may exceed the magnitudes given in this Technical Specification. NOTE The concep

29、t of frequently used controls is relative to a given machine type and its use or requirements. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 control actuating force force exerted on the control to effect a response 2.2 contro

30、l displacement movement of a control through its operational range 2.3 forward direction in which the operator faces when in the normal operators position as specified by the manufacturer 2.4 operator control any device actuated by the operator without use of tools to effect a response of the machin

31、e 2.5 operator presence control operator control that automatically interrupts power to a drive when the actuating force is removed 2.6 operator position operator location required for safe operation and control of the machine 2.7 pedestrian-controlled machine a ground-supported machine controlled b

32、y an operator walking behind or standing on the back of the machine ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved2.8 ride-on machine a self-propelled machine controlled by an operator sitting on the machine 3 Control parameters The controls for which provisions are given in this Technical Spec

33、ification are not required on all machines, but when provided on a machine they should conform to its recommendations. Control requirements given in specific product standards shall take precedence over those given in this Technical Specification. The location and means of operation of control types

34、 are indicated in clause 5 for ride-on machines, and clause 6 for pedestrian-controlled machines. The maximum actuating force and the displacement of controls are given in clause 7. Minimum values should be accessed for specific machine designs. Clause 7 should be used as a starting point for contro

35、l design. Maximum force magnitude and displacement should not be used on a given control. In addition, actual values may differ due to the users for which the machine is intended (e.g. women or seniors), frequency of use of the control, control location and displacement relative to the user, size of

36、 the control, and professional use of the machine. Multifunction controls should follow the principles listed. 4 Control actuating force and displacement Measurement The measurement of a control actuating force is made through the entire displacement and from the centre of that part of the control d

37、esigned to be actuated by the operator. The direction of the force measurement is perpendicular to the control surface designed to be actuated by the operator and in the direction of movement of the surface. The direction of movement for rotary controls may be clockwise or counterclockwise; the effo

38、rt to move the control is measured as torque. NOTE This measured force does not necessarily represent the force normally applied by the operator. Control displacement measurement is made in a manner similar to the above-described force measurement method. Displacements listed in clause 7 in terms of

39、 linear dimensions are measured in a straight line. 5 Control location and method of operation Ride-on machines Type Location Operation 5.1 Engine 5.1.1 Starting 5.1.1.1 Ignition switch (if separate from starter switch) Can be rotary, toggle, or rocker type. If rotary type, should rotate clockwise t

40、o “on” position. If toggle type, should move forward and/or upward to “on” position. If rocker type, the upper portion or position farthest away from the operator should be pushed to “on” position. ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3Type Location Operation 5.1.1.2 Starter switch or s

41、tarter means (if separate from ignition switch) Can be push or key type. If key type, should rotate clockwise to “start” position. All types should return to “off” position when released. 5.1.1.3 Ignition/starter switch Switch should be rotated in a clockwise direction to “start” position with retur

42、n to “run” position when released. If an engine preheater circuit is provided, this function should occur before or on the starting position but may be activated by rotating the control counterclockwise. 5.1.1.4 Start by manual means Can be pull, kick or crank. Requires manual and intentional actuat

43、ion without using a removable part and with return to its original position. 5.1.2 Speed 5.1.2.1 Foot-operated Should be readily accessible to the operators right foot and to the right or below and backwards of the brake pedal Pedal should be pushed forward and/or downward to increase engine speed.

44、5.1.2.2 Hand-operated Should be easily accessible to the operator 5.1.2.2.1 Lever Direction of motion should be in a plane generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine. The direction of motion should be away from the operator (generally forward), and/or upward to increase engine speed.

45、 5.1.2.2.2 Twist grip Should be easily accessible to the operators right hand The speed should increase when the top of the grip is rotated towards the operator. 5.1.3 Stopping 5.1.3.1 Battery start Should be easily accessible from the operators position Can be rotary, toggle or rocker type. If rota

46、ry type, should rotate counterclockwise to “off” position. If toggle type, should move rearward and/or down to “off” position. Control should automatically remain in the stop position without the application of sustained manual effort. If stop control is combined with the speed control, it should be

47、 in the direction of, and beyond, the idle position. 5.1.3.2 Manual means Should be easily accessible from the operators position This is a means that does not depend on sustained manual force. If stop control is combined with the speed control, it should be in the direction of, and beyond, the idle

48、 position. ISO/TS 15079:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reservedType Location Operation 5.2 Electric motor 5.2.1 Starting Motor on-switch Can be rotary, toggle, or rocker type. If rotary type, should rotate clockwise to “on” position. If toggle type, should move forward and/or upward to “on” position.

49、 5.2.2 Speed 5.2.2.1 Foot-operated Should be readily accessible to the operators right foot and to the right or below and backwards of the brake pedal Pedal should be pushed forward and/or downward to increase engine speed. 5.2.2.2 Hand-operated Should be easily accessible to the operator 5.2.2.3 Lever Direction of motion should be in a plane generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine. The direction of motion should be generally forward or upward to increase engine speed. 5.2.2.4 Tw