ISO TR 22898-2006 Review of outputs for fire containment tests for buildings in the context of fire safety engineering《防火工程中建筑物用防火试验的效率评价》.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO/TR 22898:2006(E) ISO 2006TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 22898 First edition 2006-04-01 Review of outputs for fire containment tests for buildings in the context of fire safety engineering Examen des rsultats des essais dendiguement du feu pour les btiments, dans le contexte de lingnie
2、rie de scurit ISO/TR 22898:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the
3、editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can
4、 be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat
5、 at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address b
6、elow or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reservedISO/TR 22898:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reser
7、ved iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Executive summary and recommendations 2 4 Mechanisms of fire spread 3 4.1 Routes and mechanisms of fire spread 3 4.2 Review of mechanisms leading to secondary fire initiation, fire growth and damage in adjac
8、ent areas directly related to the behaviour of the structure . 7 4.3 Review of secondary indirect mechanisms threatening life safety. 12 5 Fire resistance testing Review of exposure conditions. 14 5.1 Thermal exposure. 14 5.2 Pressure conditions . 16 5.3 Specimen size . 16 5.4 Restraint conditions .
9、 16 5.5 Furnace turbulence. 17 5.6 Atmosphere . 17 5.7 Conditioning 18 5.8 Quality of construction. 18 6 Fire resistance testing Review of the current measurements and criteria 18 6.1 Loadbearing capacity. 25 6.2 Integrity 25 6.3 Insulation . 27 6.4 Radiation 27 6.5 (Hot gas) leakage 28 6.6 Other da
10、ta collected . 28 6.7 Pre-test and post-test measurements and observations . 29 7 Comparison between exposure conditions used in the test and conditions likely to prevail in a real fire and recommendations for changes to the test procedures. 30 7.1 Thermal exposure. 30 7.2 Pressure differentials . 3
11、3 7.3 Specimen size . 34 7.4 Boundary conditions (load actions) . 35 7.5 Furnace turbulence. 36 7.6 Furnace atmosphere. 38 7.7 Conditioning 38 7.8 Quality of tested construction. 38 8 Comparison between data measured in the test and data required by the fire engineer and recommendations for changes
12、in the test procedure(s). 38 8.1 Behaviour of the load-bearing structure in fire safety engineering 39 8.2 Leakage of fire into protected space 41 8.3 Temperature rise on the unexposed face. 42 8.4 Heat flux received in the protected space 43 8.5 Smoke leakage into the protected space . 45 8.6 Other
13、 life safety and property protection consideration 46 8.7 Ensuring the construction . 46 9 Conclusions 46 ISO/TR 22898:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reservedAnnex A (informative) Decision tree for evaluating the compatibility of elements in respect of maintaining the fire tightness of the compartme
14、nt . 48 Annex B (informative) Background information on factors that affect life safety. 54 Bibliography . 56 ISO/TR 22898:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodie
15、s). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and n
16、on-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Pa
17、rt 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies castin
18、g a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical
19、Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not
20、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 22898 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. ISO/TR 22898:2006(E) vi ISO 2006 All rights reservedIntroduction Fire resistance test methods have been in existence for m
21、any decades and they permit various forms of structure to be evaluated and classified for regulatory purposes with respect to their fire containment capabilities, against conditions that reproduce one of the many possible fire scenarios that can exist in practice. Because of the changing use of mate
22、rials and the design of modern buildings, even this one scenario is becoming less relevant to the performance expected in practice. The criteria of failure used in these standardized tests sometimes reflect pseudo-life risk and sometimes a property risk. More recently, tests have been developed to m
23、easure the smoke containment potential of doors at ambient temperatures. When a fire engineer is designing a structure to resist the spread of fire and the products of combustion in order to satisfy a fire strategy that is responding to actual conditions and known exposure variations, both with resp
24、ect to the life safety of persons and the limitation of damage to the structure, the output of the standard fire tests are not deemed to be relevant in most situations. This Technical Report reviews the relevance of the standard tests and their outputs for the benefit of committees and working group
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