ISO TR 14564-1995 Shipbuilding and marine structures - Marking of escape routes《造船及海上结构物 逃生路线标志》.pdf

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1、W 4853903 Ob36667 200 TECHNICAL REPORT IS0 TR 14564 First edition 1995-1 2-01 Shipbuilding and marine structures - Marking of escape routes Construction navale et structures maritimes - Marquage des voies dvacuation Reference number ISO/TR 14564:1995(E) 4851903 0b3bbb8 147 W ISO/TR 14564: 1995(E) Fo

2、reword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a tec

3、hnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters

4、 of electrotechnical standardization. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Intemational Standards, but in exceptional circumstances a technical committee may propose the publication of a Technical Report of one of the following types: - type 1, when the required support cannot be obta

5、ined for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts; - type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard; - type 3, when a technical co

6、mmittee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art“, for example). Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into Internationa

7、l Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer valid or useful. ISOR 14564, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/C 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 1,

8、Lifesaving and$re protection. o IS0 1995 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utitizd in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Intemation

9、al Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 CH-121 1 Genve 20 Swikriand Printed in Switzerland 11 o IS0 = 4851903 0636667 083 = ISO/TR 14564:1995(E) Introduction In the former ISO/TC 8/SC 9 (Lifesaving equipment) meeting held in Tokyo in 1990, an item “Escape route and marking standards“ *)

10、was proposed by Japan as a new work item. This new work item was put to a vote for decision in accordance with a formal procedure. The result revealed no support for the proposal of the new work item. At this stage, IMO offered the opinion that in view of the IMOs on- going work on the same subject

11、and to avoid possible duplication of effort. IS0 should defer the consideration until IMO finished the work. Considering that the item “Marking of escape route“ is directly related to the safety of human life and that the tendency of becoming multi-national in passengers and crew members of ships is

12、 growing recently, the item is thought to be an important issue. Therefore, the Secretariat of former SC 9 (Japan), taking note of the IMOs work process and considering that investigation on the possibility of stand- ardization of “Marking of escape route should be done, carried out this investigati

13、on within the framework of a domestic committee in Japan after having approval of the ISO/TC 8/AG meeting held in 1991. The result of the investigation revealed as mentioned in this report that if standards for escape routes were prepared respectively by fields of land, sea and air traffic, confusio

14、n may be created unwillingly and that there is no necessity of having the standardization work taken up as a work item of ISO/TC 8. A way to use the currently existing standards should be put to consideration. This was our conclusion obtained from the investigation. This investigation result was rep

15、orted to the ISO/TC 8/ AG meeting, held in 1992, for consideration. Then it was concluded that this report should be published as a Technical Report. Under the above circumstances, this investi- gation result is published as a Technical Report (Type 3). This report consists of the foll.owing items.

16、a) Kind of shipboard marking b) Posted symbols which are necessary to represent escape routes c) Regulations and standards regarding escape route symbols d) Actual cases of posted symbols (investigation result) e) Trend o IMO i) The standardization of symbols g) Symbols for escape route on board shi

17、ps *) The title “Escape route and marking standards“ was amended as “Marking of escape route“ after the voting on the draft of escape route and marking standards to be issued as a “Technical Report of Type 3“. . 111 4851903 Ob3bb70 8T5 9 TECHNICAL REPORT 0 IS0 ISO/TR 14564:1995(E) Shipbuilding and m

18、arine structures - Marking of escape routes 1. Kind of shipboard marking Signs and posters which are used as marking on board ferries, passenger ships, cargo ships, etc. are varied. They may be classified into the following catego- ries in terms of purpose. a) Route guide (escape route marking, ligh

19、ting equipment for escape route, emergency exit, escape route illustration, etc.) b) Location of devices (lifejacket, fire alarm button, fire-extinguisher, fire hydrant, telephone, etc. ) c) Disseminating information (how to put on and wear a lifejacket, emergency signal, instruction for emergency,

20、marking of no-entry, etc.) d) How to operate (lifeboat davit handling, evacuation slide, etc.) e) Information board : informative of the location and direction (water closet, lift, shop, entrance, public space, information desk, etc.) f) Space title plate (machinery space, galley, store room, passen

21、gers cabin numbering, etc.) g) General information (advertisement, information of events, poster of sight seeing places, calendar, etc.) Note: Out of these, the signs which are intended for the information of escape routes are the ones for the purpose of guidance in a) above. They are 1) symbols of

22、escape route, lighting equipment for escape route, and symbols of emergency exit, etc. and 2) escape-route illustrations posted at passengers cabins and in corridors. 2. Posted symbols which are necessary to represent escape routes The informative signs of escape routes to give access to people (pas

23、sengers, crew members, etc.) from where they are to the muster and/or embarkation stations should be at least as follows: a) Symbols to guide to muster stations b) Symbols to guide to embarkation stations c) Symbols to show emergency exits or escape exits d) Arrows to show escape directions 3. Regul

24、ations and standards regarding escape route symbols The following are internationally recognized as the regulations or standards regarding symbols of escape routes. a) IMO Resolution A.603(15): Symbols related to life-saving appliances and arrangements b) IS0 6309: Fire protection - Safety signs (TC

25、21) c) IS0 3864: Safety colours and safety signs (TC80) Each country has its own laws regarding fire-fighling, building construction, etc., and these laws may include provisions foi. safety symbols. Sometimcs there may be established domestic standards for symbols with regard to these laws. 1 485390

26、3 Ob36673 731 W ISORR 14564:1995(E) o IS0 4. Actual cases of posted symbols (investigation result) a) Showing locat ion (stat ion) 1) Fundamental symbols - The symbols for the muster stations and embarkation stations as contained in IMO resolution A.603(15) are generally used.(see figure 1) Examples

27、 : Fig. 1 - The symbol of IS0 6309 No.4 is used for emergency exit. (see figure 2) Example : Fig.2 - The symbol color of these is generally white on a green background. 2) Letters (only) English or two languages are used. (see figure 3) Examples: 1 EMERGENCY EXIT I # L h E * i.mes red on a white bac

28、kground. b) Arrows 1) Fundamental arrows Basic arrows as contained in IMO resolution A.603(15) or IS0 6039 are generally used. (see figure 4) Examples : Fig.4 2 4853903 Ob3bb72 678 m o IS0 ISO/TR 14564: 1995(E) 2) Modified arrows Modified arrows as shown in the Examples : 1-1 following examples are

29、used. (see figure 5) Fig. 5 The color of these is generally white on a green background, but sometimes red on a white background. c) Combination of an arrow and other symbol 1) Simple combination of a symbol showing location and an arrow (see figure 6) Examples : . . . . - . . -. - - - - Musior stat

30、ion Fig.6 . 2) Combination of a modified symbol showing location and an arrow (see figure 7) Examples: A symbol of an emergency exit, an arrow and letters Fig. 7 Example: A modified IMO symbol and an arrow (irregul-ar combination, see figure 8) 3 9 4853903 Ob36673 504 = ISO/TR 14564: 1995(E) Q IS0 d

31、) Other symbols The following symbols are frequently seen as variations of IS0 6309 N0.4. The symbol color is white on a green background. (see figure 9) Examples : Fi g. 9 e) Posting position The symbols are posted as follows. 1) Floor surface 2) Low level: 0.3 m, 0.45 m 3) High level: 1.5 m, 1.7 m

32、, 1.8 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m 4) Ceiling surface Note : The safety symbols of IMO resolution A.603(15), IS0 6309,etc. are marketed. The investigation result tells us that there are many variations of symbols. The reasons for this trend appear to be the following or so. a) Supplementary letters or symbols ar

33、e added to the fundamental symbols and arrows in order to make their meaning more clear (e.g. not only an arrow mark, but also the destination). b) More detailed shapes in symbols are used. They are needed from the spe- cific features of escape routes (e.g. diagram of stairs, double-direction arrow)

34、. c) Symbols copied from those used on land in each country are used. d) Symbols especially designed are posted on board passenger ships, because the symbols standardized or marketed do not match the interior. In other words, for the appropriate and considerate posting of symbols, it is necessary to

35、 use or add remarks of words, supplementary letters, supplementary symbols, etc. in addition to the basic symbols. 4 m 4851903 Ob36674 440 m o IS0 ISO/TR 14564:1995(E) 5. Trend of IMO IMOS 18th Assembly, held in November 1993, adopted on November 4, 1993 Resolu- tion A.752(18) “Guidelines for evalua

36、tion, testing and application of low-loca- tion lighting on passenger ships“ as a guideline which satisfies the provisions to easily indicate the escape route on board ships in an emergency concerning ships carrying 36 passengers and over, required by the provisions of Reg. II- 2/28.1.10 and Reg. II

37、-2/41-2.4.7 of SOLAS 1974 as amended. In this guideline, the construction, definition, requirements, method and loca- tion of indication of escape routes, etc. are laid down in detail. Here, of the contents of the guideline, only items related to this report, i.e. “3. definition“ and “6. signs and m

38、arking“ are chosen appended as follows. Reference is made to IMO Resolution A.752(18) for detailed contents of other items. 3. Definitions 3.1 Low-location lighting (LLL) - Electrically powered lighting or photolumi- nescent indicators placed at points of the escape route to readily identify all rou

39、tes of escape. 3.2 Photoluminescent (PL) system - An LLL system which uses PL material. PL material contains a chemical (example: zinc sulfide) that has the quality of storing energy when illuminated by visible light. The PL material emits light which becomes visible when the ambient 1ight.source is

40、 less effective. Without the light source to re-energize it, the PL material gives off the stored energy for a period of time with diminishing luminance. 3.3 Electrically powered (EP) system - An LLL system which requires electri- cal power for its operation, such as systems using incandescent bulbs

41、, light emitting diodes, electroluminescent strips or lamps, electrofluorescent lamps, etc. 6. Signs and markings 6.1 All escape route signs and fire equipment location marking should be of photoluminescent material or marked by lighting and fitted in the lower 300 mrn of the bulkhead. The dimension

42、s of such signs and markings are to be commen- surate with the rest of the LLL system. 6.2 LLL exist signs should be provided at all exits. The signs should be located within the lower 300 mm on the side of exit doors where the handle is located. 6.3 All signs should contrast in colour to the backgr

43、ound (bulkhead or deck) on which they are installed. 5 4851903 0636675 387 M ISO/TR 14564: 1995(E) o IS0 6. The standardization of symbols Description of things may naturally vary from person to person due to the variety of concepts or images held by each. It is important to unify the different desc

44、riptions on one matter through the use of a universally common language, that is symbols. For easier dissemination of the symbols into every corner, it is preferable that they be laid down by international organizations. used worldwide should preferably be uniform not only for sea, but also for land

45、 and air. Thus, it is considered that the standardization of symbols should be carried out as follows. The symbols a) Fundamental symbols 1) General requirements of matters common to sea, land and air for unifica- tion should be standardized by ISO, not by other different international organizations

46、. Being classified in accordance with kind of products and/or commodities in principle, ISO/TC can draft its own standard of fundamental symbols, concerned with the TC. However, each TC should not be requested to prepare its different fundamental symbols at the TC will in ISO, because of preventing

47、each TC of IS0 from drafting different symbols for same purposes. relevance to fire protection should be left to ISO/TC 21. If addition is needed, such measures as expansion of IS0 6309 should be considered. In any case, symbols should not be amended as far as amendment can be practically avoided. I

48、t is a good example that the 2) The symbols specific to respective areas, i.e. sea, land and/or air, should be standardized by the organization related to the area. Further, the symbols specific to a respective area should not be standardized by more than one organization. Thus, in the case of sea,

49、IMO, which is already taking lead in standardization of the symbols, should be entrusted for the job. b) Application symbols In order to supplement the fundamental symbols standardized as in a), the following supplementary method should be available for the party in practice. - Fundamental symbols t letters - Fundamental symbols t additional symbols - Additional or modified symbols - Additional or modified symbols t letters The additional or modified symbols referred to in the above may be the ones defined in the provisions of regional rules and regulations or law, domestic s