ISO 50002-2014 Energy audits - Requirements with guidance for use《能源审计 使用指南的要求》.pdf

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1、 ISO 2014 Energy audits Requirements with guidance for use Audits nergtiques Exigences et recommandations de mise en oeuvre INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 50002 First edition 2014-07-01 Reference number ISO 50002:2014(E) ISO 50002:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2

2、014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be reque

3、sted from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 50002:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights re

4、served iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Principles . 3 4.1 General . 3 4.2 Energy auditor . 3 4.3 Energy audit 4 4.4 Communication 5 4.5 Roles, responsibilities and authority . 5 5 Performing an energy audit 5 5.1 Genera

5、l . 5 5.2 Energy audit planning 6 5.3 Opening meeting . 7 5.4 Data collection . 8 5.5 Measurement plan . 8 5.6 Conducting the site visit 9 5.7 Analysis.10 5.8 Energy audit reporting 12 5.9 Closing meeting .13 Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard 14 Bibliography .2

6、2 ISO 50002:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a s

7、ubject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission

8、(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should

9、be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for ident

10、ifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the conveni

11、ence of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword -

12、 Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 242, Energy management.iv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 50002:2014(E) Introduction The purpose of this International Standard is to define the minimum set of requirements leading to the identifica

13、tion of opportunities for the improvement of energy performance. An energy audit comprises a detailed analysis of the energy performance of an organization, equipment, system(s) or process(es). It is based on appropriate measurement and observation of energy use, energy efficiency and consumption. E

14、nergy audits are planned and conducted as part of the identification and prioritization of opportunities to improve energy performance, reduce energy waste and obtain related environmental benefits. Audit outputs include information on current use and performance and they provide ranked recommendati

15、ons for improvement in terms of energy performance and financial benefits. An energy audit can support an energy review and can facilitate monitoring, measurement and analysis as described in ISO 50001, or it can be used independently. This International Standard allows for differences in approach a

16、nd in terms of scope, boundary and audit objective and seeks to harmonize common aspects of energy auditing in order to enhance clarity and transparency. The energy audit process is presented as a simple chronological sequence, but this does not preclude repeated iterations of certain steps. The mai

17、n body of this International Standard covers the general requirements and framework common to all energy audits that can be supplemented by equivalent national audit standards. For auditing of specific types of facilities, processes or equipment, refer to the relevant international, national and loc

18、al standards and guidelines, some of which are referenced in the Bibliography. In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used: “shall” indicates a requirement; “should” indicates a recommendation; “may” indicates a permission; “can” indicates a possibility or a capacity. ISO 201

19、4 All rights reserved v Energy audits Requirements with guidance for use 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the process requirements for carrying out an energy audit in relation to energy performance. It is applicable to all types of establishments and organizations, and all forms of ener

20、gy and energy use. This International Standard specifies the principles of carrying out energy audits, requirements for the common processes during energy audits, and deliverables for energy audits. This International Standard does not address the requirements for selection and evaluation of the com

21、petence of bodies providing energy audit services, and it does not cover the auditing of an organizations energy management system, as these are described in ISO 50003. This International Standard also provides informative guidance on its use (see Annex A). 2 Normative references There are no normat

22、ive references. 3 T erms an d definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 audit objective purpose of an energy audit (3.3) agreed between the organization (3.13) and the energy auditor (3.5) 3.2 boundary physical or site limits and/or organizational

23、 limits as defined by the organization (3.13) Note 1 to entry: The boundary of an energy management system can be different from the boundary of an energy audit (3.3). Note 2 to entry: The energy audit can include one or more boundaries. EXAMPLE The whole site and all energy using systems; the boile

24、r plant; the vehicle fleet. 3.3 energy audit systematic analysis of energy use (3.12) and energy consumption (3.7) within a defined energy audit scope (3.4), in order to identify, quantify and report on the opportunities for improved energy performance (3.10) Note 1 to entry: “Energy audit” is the n

25、ormal expression in English. There are other expressions for the same concept, e.g. “diagnosi” in Italian and “diagnostic” in French. 3.4 energy audit scope extent of energy uses (3.12) and related activities to be included in the energy audit (3.3), as defined by the organization (3.13) in consulta

26、tion with the energy auditor (3.5), which can include several boundaries EXAMPLE Organization, facility/facilities, equipment, system(s) and process(es). INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 50002:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 ISO 50002:2014(E) Note 1 to entry: The energy audit scope can include ene

27、rgy related to transport. 3.5 energy auditor individual, or team of people, conducting an energy audit (3.3) Note 1 to entry: Energy audits can be conducted by the organization (3.13) using internal resources or external resources, such as energy consultants and energy service companies. Note 2 to e

28、ntry: An energy auditor, whether internal or external, needs to work with internal personnel relevant to the defined energy audit scope (3.4). SOURCE: EN 16247-1:2012, 3.2, modified The expression “group of people or body” has been deleted and substituted by “or team of people”. 3.6 energy balance a

29、ccounting of inputs and/or generation of energy supply versus energy outputs based on energy consumption (3.7) by energy use (3.12) Note 1 to entry: Energy storage is considered within energy supply or energy use. If included in the energy audit scope (3.4), an energy balance needs to include energy

30、 storage and feedstock variation, as well as wasted energy, or energy content in material flows. Note 2 to entry: An energy balance reconciles all energy, goods and products that enter the system boundary (3.2) against the energy, goods and products leaving the system boundary. 3.7 energy consumptio

31、n quantity of energy applied SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.7 3.8 en er g y ef f i c ien c y ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of performance, service, goods or energy, and an input of energy EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy used; output/input; theoretical en

32、ergy used to operate/energy used to operate. Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in quantity and quality, and be measurable. SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.8 3.9 en er g y f l ow description or mapping of processes for transfer of energy or conversion of energy within the

33、defined energy audit scope (3.4) 3.10 energy performance measurable results related to energy efficiency (3.8), energy use (3.12) and energy consumption (3.7) SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12, modified Notes 1 and 2 have been deleted as they are specific to energy management. 3.11 energy performance ind

34、icator EnPI quantitative value or measure of energy performance (3.10), as defined by the organization (3.13) Note 1 to entry: EnPIs could be expressed as a simple metric, ratio or a more complex model.2 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 50002:2014(E) SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.13 3.12 energy use mann

35、er or kind of application of energy EXAMPLE Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; processes; production lines. SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.18 3.13 organization company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or n

36、ot, public or private, that has its own functions and administration and that has the authority to control its energy use (3.12) and consumption Note 1 to entry: An organization can be a person or a group of people. SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.22 3.14 relevant variable quantifiable parameter impacting

37、 energy consumption (3.7) EXAMPLE Ambient weather indicators; operating parameters (indoor temperature, light level); working hours; production throughput. 4 Principles 4.1 General An energy audit is characterized by reliance on a number of principles. These principles help to make the energy audit

38、an effective and reliable tool in support of management decisions and controls, by providing information on which an organization can act in order to improve its energy performance. Adherence to these principles provides a consistent approach to an effective energy audit that would enable energy aud

39、itors, working independently from one another, to reach similar conclusions in similar circumstances. It is essential that energy auditor(s) are familiar with applicable health and safety requirements throughout the audit process. The organization selects the energy auditor(s) based on the expected

40、energy audit scope, boundaries, audit objectives and their competencies. 4.2 Energy auditor 4.2.1 Competency Application of the following principles by the energy auditor is fundamental to the success of the energy audit. The energy auditor shall have the knowledge and skills necessary to complete t

41、he defined energy audit scope. Competence can be shown by: a) appropriate education, skills, experience and/or training considering local or national guidelines and recommendations; b) relevant technical skills specific to the energy uses, scope, boundaries and audit objective; ISO 2014 All rights r

42、eserved 3 ISO 50002:2014(E) c) knowledge of appropriate legal and other requirements; d) familiarity with the energy uses being audited; e) knowledge of the requirements of this International Standard, national and local energy auditing standards; f) (for a team member designated as lead energy audi

43、tor) having the skills to manage and provide leadership to the energy audit team: a lead auditor should have managerial, professional and leadership skills in order to manage a team. NOTE 1 Where there is a single auditor, he/she is considered to be the lead auditor. NOTE 2 Where a national or local

44、 energy auditor certification scheme, or equivalent, is available, certified energy auditors can be considered. Some schemes can be technology specific. NOTE 3 The energy auditor is encouraged to demonstrate continual professional development to maintain and improve auditing knowledge, technical ski

45、lls and personal attributes. Continual professional development could be achieved through means such as attendance at meetings, seminars, conferences, technical training, work experience, self- study, coaching, or other relevant activities. 4.2.2 C onfidentiality The confidentiality of the audit del

46、iverables shall be agreed upon by the organization and the auditor prior to the start of the energy audit. Energy audit information shall not be used inappropriately for personal gain by the energy auditor, or in a manner detrimental to the legitimate interest of the organization. NOTE This concept

47、includes the proper handling of sensitive or confidential information. 4.2.3 Objectivity The energy auditor shall act independently and in an impartial manner. Conflicts of interest (personal, financial or other) shall be identified and disclosed to the organization in a timely manner. If the organi

48、zation intends to carry out an energy audit using internal personnel, every effort should be made to remove bias and encourage objectivity. 4.2.4 Access to equipment, resources and information For completion of the energy audit based on the defined energy audit scope and boundaries, access is requir

49、ed to: a) the organization, facility/facilities, equipment, system(s) and process(es); b) personnel (engineering, operations, maintenance, etc.), their equipment vendors, contractors and others to collect information pertinent and useful to the energy audit and analysis of data; c) other information sources, such as drawings, manuals, test reports, historical utility bill information, monitoring and control data, electrical equipment panels and calibration records. 4.3 Energy audit The energy audit shall be conducted according