ISO 3745 AMD 1-2017 Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Precision methods for anecho.pdf

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1、 ISO 2017 Acoustics Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure Precision methods for anechoic rooms and hemi-anechoic rooms AMENDMENT 1 Acoustique Dtermination des niveaux de puissance acoustique et des niveaux dnergie acoustique mis par les sou

2、rces de bruit partir de la pression acoustique Mthodes de laboratoire pour les salles anchoques et les salles semi-anchoques AMENDEMENT 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3745 Third edition 2012-03-15 Reference number ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E) AMENDMENT 1 2017-04 ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 A

3、ll rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the int

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5、7 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committ

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7、ernational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the d

8、ifferent types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. I

9、SO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents). Any trade name used in this

10、document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Tra

11、de Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. ISO 2017 All rights reserved iii Acoustics Determination of soun

12、d power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure Precision methods for anechoic rooms and hemi- anechoic rooms AMENDMENT 1Page 1, Normative references Add the following reference: ISO 26101:2017, Acoustics Test methods for the qualification of free-field environmentsPage

13、29, Annex A Replace Annex A with the following: Annex A (normative) General procedures for qualification of anechoic and hemi-anechoic rooms A.1 General The performance of an anechoic or hemi-anechoic room is tested by comparing the spatial decrease of sound pressure emitted from a test sound source

14、 with the decrease of sound pressure that would occur in an ideal free sound field. The evaluation of this performance is based on the procedures outlined in ISO 26101. This annex contains the qualification criteria and test parameters which are required to qualify test rooms to the requirements of

15、this document. To conform to this document, when no specific criteria are given, the requirements appropriate for sound power measurements in ISO 26101 shall be met. A check of the room performance is recommended after modification of the room absorbers and periodically at intervals not exceeding 5

16、years. The following is a comparison of this annex with ISO 26101 and previous versions of this annex: a) As in the previous version (ISO 3745:2012, Annex A), this annex requires that test rooms are qualified using discrete-frequency (e.g. pure tone) measurements unless it is known that the specific

17、 noise source under test radiates only broadband noise (see Note below). b) Consistent with the wording in ISO 26101, this annex defines methods for “discrete-frequency” and “broadband” qualification of test rooms. Discrete-frequency qualification is essentially identical to the pure tone qualificat

18、ion used in the previous versions of this annex. In both cases, only one pure tone is analysed in each frequency band in Table A.1. The wording change from “pure tone qualification” is consistent with, for example, common fast Fourier transform methods such as the use of pseudo random noise and narr

19、ow bandwidth analysis; see Reference 37 and ISO 26101:2017, 5.1.4.1, 5.1.4.2. c) For the purposes of this document, this annex does not require an evaluation of the position of the acoustic centre. In this annex, the term “acoustic centre” as originally used in ISO 3745:2012, ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:201

20、7(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1 ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E) is interpreted as (or replaced by) either the mathematical origin of the microphone traverse (see A.3.3) or the primary sound radiating region of the test sound source. d) This annex follows ISO 26101:2017, 5.1.3.2 in that it requires t

21、he mathematical origin for evaluation of the inverse square law to be restricted to a point that lies within the physical volume occupied by the test sound source. This is a change from the previous versions of this annex, and as a result, a reduction of the qualified frequency range and/or qualifie

22、d distances may arise in test rooms that were previously qualified using calculation methods that allowed large acoustic centre offsets. e) Based on the guidance given in ISO 26101, this annex requires different traverse paths than required in previous versions (see A.3.3). f) Following the requirem

23、ents in ISO 26101, background noise limits and requirements on the test sound source stability have been relaxed compared with the previous versions. NOTE The general qualification procedure and criteria in this annex are unchanged from the 2012 and 1975 versions of this document. In particular, the

24、 default qualification method uses pure tones as a test signal (referred to as discrete-frequency qualification in this annex). This is a significant difference from ISO 3745:2003, Annex A where the default qualification procedure used a broadband signal. However, the qualification criteria (see Tab

25、le A.1) have remained the same in all versions of this annex. As a result, in a test room qualified using only broadband noise according to ISO 3745:2003, Annex A, the frequency range and/or distances over which the test room can be qualified may be reduced when re-tested using discrete-frequency qu

26、alification. A.2 Qualification criteria A.2.1 General In order for a space within an environment to be deemed anechoic or hemi-anechoic for measurements in accordance with this document, the following criteria and test parameters shall be used to qualify the test environment. The qualification measu

27、rements of the anechoic or hemi-anechoic space shall be made using a bandwidth (i.e. broadband or tonal) that is typical of the spectral characteristics of the type of sources that will be measured or evaluated. A.2.2 Maximum allowable deviations from inverse square law The deviations of the measure

28、d sound pressure levels from those estimated using the inverse square law, obtained according to ISO 26101:2017, 5.1 (but excluding 5.1.6), shall not exceed the values given in Table A.1. Table A.1 Maximum allowable deviation of measured sound pressure levels from theoretical levels using the invers

29、e square law Type of test room One-third-octave mid- band frequency Hz Allowable deviations dB Anechoic 630 800 to 5 000 6 300 1,5 1,0 1,5 Hemi-anechoic 630 800 to 5 000 6 300 2,5 2,0 3,0 A.2.3 Frequency range to be qualified For measurements conducted in accordance with this document, the frequency

30、 range of interest for qualification shall be at least 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz. The frequency range may be extended provided that the test environment shall meet the requirements of Table A.1 and the test sound source shall meet the requirements of ISO 26101 and instrument specifications are satisfactor

31、y for use over the extended frequency range. Below 125 Hz and above 4 000 Hz, deviations from the inverse square law shall be 2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E) evaluated in contiguous one-third-octave bands, and between 125 Hz and 4 000 Hz, these deviations shall be conducte

32、d at frequencies that correspond to the mid-band frequencies of contiguous octave bands (i.e. between 125 Hz and 4 000 Hz, not all one-third-octave bands need to be evaluated). If the frequency range is not at least 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz (see 3.11), measurements taken in this test room are not in full

33、 conformity with this document. If the test room is qualified over a reduced frequency range, measurements may still be reported to be “in conformity” with this document provided that a) the one-third-octave bands comprising the reduced frequency range are contiguous, b) the report clearly states th

34、e reduced frequency range, and c) the words “in full conformity with ISO 3745” are not used or implied. Annex B provides an alternative qualification method that may be used for measurements of a specific noise source. However, the procedure in Annex B will not qualify the test room for general use

35、with arbitrary noise sources. A.2.4 Maximum qualified radius The maximum qualified radius is the largest distance from the mathematical origin of the traverse over which the requirements of A.2.2 are met concurrently on all traverse paths of A.3.3 and at all frequencies of A.2.3. In the evaluation o

36、f this distance, any measured points on each traverse that lie outside the qualified radius may be excluded from consideration. Within each qualified radius, each microphone traverse shall meet the requirements for traverse length of ISO 26101:2017, 5.1.4.3 and for spatial resolution of ISO 26101:20

37、17, A.4.3. A.2.5 Properties of the reflecting plane in a hemi-anechoic room The sound absorption coefficient of the reflecting plane shall not exceed 0,06 over the frequency range to be qualified. NOTE A sealed concrete construction or a sealed lightweight construction with a surface density of 20 k

38、g/m 2or more, provided that there are no significant air mass or structural resonances in the frequency range of interest, complies with the requirement. The reflecting plane shall extend at least a quarter of a wavelength and not less than 0,75 m beyond the projection of the measurement surface on

39、the plane at the lowest frequency of the frequency range to be qualified (see A.2.3). A.3 Installation of test sound sources and microphone traverses A.3.1 Test sound source requirements The design or selection of the test sound source is the responsibility of the laboratory or acoustical expert per

40、forming the qualification. The test sound source shall meet the overall requirements specified in ISO 26101:2017, Annex B. For the purpose of this document, the directionality measurement can be performed in the anechoic or hemi-anechoic space that is being qualified. The required microphone positio

41、ns are specified in ISO 26101:2017, B.3.2. NOTE 1 It can facilitate the analysis if the test sound source is installed and evaluated in a different anechoic or hemi-anechoic space than the one being qualified (e.g. one known to have good free sound field properties over the frequency range of intere

42、st). NOTE 2 Test sound sources that can be suitable for use in qualification of anechoic and hemi-anechoic spaces are described in References 35 and 36 and in ISO 26101. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3 ISO 3745:2012/Amd.1:2017(E) A.3.2 Test sound source location A.3.2.1 General The test sound source

43、shall be located to coincide with the usual position of the noise source under test. In an anechoic space, this is preferably in the centre of the test environment. In a hemi-anechoic space, this is preferably in the centre of and on the surface of the reflecting plane. A.3.2.2 Test sound source loc

44、ation in hemi-anechoic room The test sound source should be located on the plane of the reflecting floor, so that the radiating area of the test sound source is situated as close as possible to, but in any case should not be greater than 150 mm from the reflecting floor. If possible, the acoustic ce

45、ntre of the test sound source should be within a tenth of a wavelength from the reflecting floor for all frequencies in the frequency range of interest. Therefore, it is recommended to install the test sound source in a cavity in the reflecting floor. A.3.3 Microphone traverse paths Microphone trave

46、rses shall be made along at least five (but not more than eight) straight paths away from the primary sound radiating region of the test sound source. All traverse paths shall have the same mathematical origin and this mathematical origin shall lie within the physical volume occupied by the test sou

47、nd source. The traverse paths shall be located in the working area of the environment, i.e. the part of the environment normally used for measurements. The traverse paths shall be selected as follows: a) at least one traverse path shall be towards a dihedral corner of the environment that has the mo

48、st uniform acoustic treatment properties and is most likely to be representative of the overall free sound field performance; b) at least one traverse path shall be towards a trihedral corner of the environment that has the most uniform acoustic treatment properties and is most likely to be represen

49、tative of the overall free sound field performance; c) at least one traverse path shall be towards the centre of the environment boundary surface that has the most uniform acoustic treatment properties and is most likely to be representative of the overall free sound field performance; d) at least one traverse path shall be towards the closest boundary surface; NOTE 1 In some cases, both conditions c) and d) can be associated with the same traverse path. e) at least one traverse path shall be selected towards other bounda