IEEE 45-2002 en Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard《船上电气设备的推荐实施规程》.pdf

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1、IEEE Std 45-2002 (Revision of IEEE Std 45-1998) IEEE Standards45TMIEEE Recommended Practice forElectrical Installations on ShipboardPublished by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA11 October 2002IEEE Industry Applications SocietySpon

2、sored by theInternational Marine Industry CommitteeIEEE StandardsPrint: SH95035PDF: SS95035The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published

3、 11 October 2002. Printed in the United States of America.National Electrical Codeand NECare both registered trademarks owned by the National Fire Protection Association, Inc.Print: ISBN 0-7381-3381-7 SH95035PDF: ISBN 0-7381-3382-5 SS95035No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in

4、 an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 45-2002(Revision ofIEEE Std 45-1998)IEEE Recommended Practice forElectrical Installations onShipboardSponsorInternational Marine Industry Committeeof theIEEE Industry Applications SocietyAppr

5、oved 12 September 2002IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: Recommendations for the design, selection, and installation of equipment on merchantvessels with electrical apparatus for lighting, signaling, communication, power, and propulsion areprovided.Keywords: marine electrical engineering, marine vesse

6、ls, shipboard systems, shipsIEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of theIEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus develop-ment process, approved by the American Nation

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20、sewood Drive,Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educationalclassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use

21、of subject mat-ter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence orvalidity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patentsfor which a license may be required by an IEEE standard o

22、r for conducting inquiries into the legal validity orscope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 45-2002, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations onShipboard.)IEEE Std 45-20

23、02, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard, constitutes thechief undertaking of the Marine Transportation Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society.Due to the differences among the requirements of the various classication societies and the insurancecompanies re

24、garding electrical installations on shipboard, and the lack of any accepted standard engineeringregarding electrical installations on shipboard, and the lack of any accepted standard engineering practice formarine installations, the AIEEain 1913 appointed the Marine Committee (now called Marine Tran

25、sportationCommittee) to take up the preparation of standard marine rules. The rst edition was prepared covering twoimportant divisions; namely, re protection requirements and marine construction requirements. They wereadopted by the American Bureau of Shipping and published as Section 37 of their Ru

26、les for the building andclassing of vessels. As the rst edition of the rules did not cover the entire eld of use of electricity onshipboard, the Marine Committee of the Institute was continued. The recommendations were considerablyamplied in the editions issued in 1920, 1927, 1930, 1938, 1940, 1945,

27、 1948, 1951, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1967,1971, 1977, 1983, and 1998.This edition updates the 1998 edition. The standard has been reorganized to eliminate duplications and makeit easier to use. It includes many signicant additions, changes, and deletions to reect North American andInternational marine ele

28、ctrical engineering technology and the latest system design, installation, and testpractices necessary to ensure safe and reliable operation.aIn 1963 the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) merged with the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) to become theInstitute of Electrical and Elec

29、tronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE).As an IEEE recommended practice, this document provides procedures preferredby IEEE. Following the procedures in this recommended practice does notguarantee safety, and users should take all the reasonable, independent stepsnecessary to minimize risks to safety. ivCopy

30、right 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.The following is a list of participants in the International Marine Industry Committee of the IEEE IndustryApplications Society.H. R. Stewart,ChairDavid N. Bishop,Vice ChairSue Vogel,SecretaryThe following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard

31、. Balloters may have voted forapproval, disapproval, or abstention. Edward AberbachChris AdamsAlf Kare AdnanesChuck BarlowScott BarnesDavid N. BishopRudy BrightDavid B. BurnsJerry A. CincottaWilliam ColavecchioRichard J. CollinsWalter ConstantineHarry ConteJames CospolichJohn CrostonWarren CullyChar

32、les A. DarnellDonald DavisBrian S. EnsignRonald EssigmannThomas FeilJeffrey J. GleasonJoan Grande-ButeraThomas GuidaJames HailLeonard HaimMarcelo HirschlerErik HoffmannGeorge F. Hull IIIMohammed IslamWilliam JonesHenning KarlsenPhilip LaudicinaGeorge MahlMichal MaierThomas MartinPer MartinsenMichael

33、 MayeldGerard MazDavid C. ODonnellRobert PhilibertDieter PopoffDavid T. DunnNancy RobinsonFrank H. RocchioDan RodriguezJohn RosataJames A. RuggieriGary L. SavageBrian P. SharmanDavid R. StewartH. R. StewartFrancis StoneFrank VasserDonald A. VoltzLarry A. WilkersonJohn E. WinberyEd AberbachChris Adam

34、sAlf Kare AdnanesPaul AndersonScott BarnesDavid N. BishopFrederick BriedRudy BrightRobert BrownDave BurnsWalter ConstantineJames CospolichGuru Dutt DhingraJames DalyCharles A. DarnellDonald DavisFrank DeWinterMarcus O. DurhamRonald EssigmannTravis GrifthLeonard HaimPaul HamerMarcelo HirschlerRichard

35、 HulettMohammed IslamBen JohnsonWilliam JonesStephen H. KerrRoyce KingPhilip LaudicinaMichal MaierWayne MaddenGeorge MahlJohn MalinowskiDavid ODonnellLorraine PaddenGene PecoraRobert PhilibertDieter PopoffFrank H. RocchioJames A. RuggieriChet SandbergVincent SaporitaDavid R. StewartH. R. StewartFran

36、cis StoneFrank VasserDonald VoltzWilliam D. WilkensJohn E WinberryCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.vWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 12 September 2002, it had the followingmembership:James T. Carlo,ChairJames H. Gurney,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member Emerit

37、usAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Alan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeSatish K. Aggarwal, NRC RepresentativeDon MessinaIEEE Standards Project EditorSid BennettH. Stephen BergerClyde R. CampRichard DeBlasioHarold E. EpsteinJulian Forster*Howard M. FrazierToshio F

38、ukudaArnold M. GreenspanRaymond HapemanDonald M. HeirmanRichard H. HulettLowell G. JohnsonJoseph L. Koepnger*Peter H. LipsNader MehravariDaleep C. MohlaWilliam J. MoylanMalcolm V. ThadenGeoffrey O. ThompsonHoward L. WolfmanDon WrightviCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents1. Overview. 11.

39、1 Scope 11.2 Purpose . 11.3 Vessel classification . 11.4 Documentation . 21.5 Environmental conditions. 31.6 Equipment construction, testing, and certification . 41.7 Application of various national and international standards 41.8 Materials . 41.9 Brittle material 52. References 53. Definitions 93.

40、1 General 93.2 Cable installation 123.3 Generators. 123.4 Motors. 133.5 Converters. 153.6 Rotating machine ventilation 153.7 Equipment enclosures. 163.8 Control apparatus and switchgear. 173.9 Insulation system 193.10 Types of circuits and terms. 193.11 Automatic or centralized control systems 214.

41、Power system characteristics 224.1 Standard systems 224.2 Standard voltages224.3 Standard frequency . 224.4 Selection of voltage and system type . 224.5 AC power system characteristics 234.6 Power quality and harmonics . 275. Power system design. 275.1 General 275.2 Circuit elements 325.3 Shore powe

42、r 325.4 Demand factors.325.5 Voltage drop . 335.6 Lighting distribution . 335.7 Distribution for power equipment 355.8 Branch circuits 355.9 System protection . 375.10 Lightning protection . 48Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.vii6. Emergency power systems . 496.1 General 496.2 Emergency gene

43、rators 496.3 Emergency storage battery . 506.4 Emergency power distribution system . 516.5 Emergency switchboard configuration. 526.6 Temporary emergency power. 526.7 Temporary emergency circuits . 536.8 Final emergency circuits. 536.9 Time factor for supply of emergency power: . 546.10 Cargo vessel

44、s 546.11 Passenger vessels (ocean and coastwise) 556.12 Passenger vessels (coastal and inland waters) 556.13 Passenger vessels (other) 556.14 Passenger vessels with RO-RO (roll on-roll off) cargo spaces 556.15 Passenger vessels without an independent emergency source of power 567. Electric power gen

45、eration. 567.1 General 567.2 Installation and location 567.3 Prime movers 577.4 Generators. 617.5 Generator metering and protectiongeneral . 677.6 Minimum equipment for ac generator switchboard 698. Switchboards. 718.1 Switchboard arrangement criteria. 718.2 Installation and location 728.3 Low-volta

46、ge switchboards (600 V ac and less for ANSI; 1000 V ac and less forIEC)description and requirements 748.4 Medium-voltage switchboards (0.60138.0 kV ac for ANSI and 1.0135.0 kVac for IEC)description and requirements 758.5 Switchboardsapplication requirements. 768.6 Circuit breakersapplication. 778.7

47、Temperatures 778.8 Arrangement of switchboard equipment 778.9 Overload and short-circuit protection. 788.10 Switchboard phase and ground bus 798.11 Terminations. 808.12 Wire and conductor terminal lugs 808.13 Nameplates . 818.14 Switchboard testing 819. Control systems 819.1 General 819.2 Documentat

48、ion829.3 Control system designgeneral. 839.4 Control system equipment location 839.5 Machinery control. 849.6 System design characteristics . 86viiiCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.9.7 Control system power supply . 869.8 Continuity of power 869.9 Communication systems. 869.10 Alarms 879.11 C

49、ontrol cabling . 889.12 Control power distribution 889.13 Hazardous location considerations . 889.14 Control system testing 889.15 Maintenance philosophy and design. 899.16 Control system sensors . 899.17 Control system programming . 899.18 Design considerations. 909.19 Instrumentation. 919.20 Environmental conditions. 919.21 Control system voltage and frequency . 959.22 Electromagnetic frequency . 959.23 Equipment enclosures. 959.24 Control console designgeneral 959.25 Control console components 969.26 Meters and gauges 969.27 Control devices . 969.