IEC 60076-2-2011 Power transformers - Part 2 Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers《电力变压器.第2部分 液浸变压器的温升》.pdf

《IEC 60076-2-2011 Power transformers - Part 2 Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers《电力变压器.第2部分 液浸变压器的温升》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《IEC 60076-2-2011 Power transformers - Part 2 Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers《电力变压器.第2部分 液浸变压器的温升》.pdf（100页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、 IEC 60076-2 Edition 3.0 2011-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Power transformers Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers Transformateurs de puissance Partie 2: Echauffement des transformateurs immergs dans le liquide IEC60076-2:2011 colourinsideTHIS PUBLICATION IS CO

2、PYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2011 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either

3、IEC or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. Droits

4、de reproduction rservs. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de la CEI ou du Comit national de la CEI du

5、 pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous dsirez obtenir des droits supplmentaires sur cette publication, utilisez les coordonnes ci-aprs ou contactez le Comit national de la CEI de votre pays de rsidence. IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varemb CH-1211 Geneva

6、20 Switzerland Email: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch About the IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. About IEC publications The technical co

7、ntent of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria

8、(reference number, text, technical committee,). It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications. IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available on

9、-line and also by email. Electropedia: www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical

10、 Vocabulary online. Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contact us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 A propos de la CEI

11、La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la premire organisation mondiale qui labore et publie des normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait llectricit, llectronique et aux technologies apparentes. A propos des publications CEI Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est

12、 constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possdez ldition la plus rcente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir t publi. Catalogue des publications de la CEI: www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut-f.htm Le Catalogue en-ligne de la CEI vous permet deffectuer des recherches en utilisant diffrents cri

13、tres (numro de rfrence, texte, comit dtudes,). Il donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les publications retires ou remplaces. Just Published CEI: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Restez inform sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI. Just Published dtaille deux fois par mois les nouvelles

14、publications parues. Disponible en-ligne et aussi par email. Electropedia: www.electropedia.org Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes lectroniques et lectriques. Il contient plus de 20 000 termes et dfinitions en anglais et en franais, ainsi que les termes quivalents dans les langues a

15、dditionnelles. Egalement appel Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International en ligne. Service Clients: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv/custserv_entry-f.htm Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous:

16、 Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60076-2 Edition 3.0 2011-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Power transformers Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers Transformateurs de puissance Partie 2: Echauffement des transformateurs immergs dans

17、le liquide INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE X ICS 29.180 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-88912-346-9 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale colourinside 2

18、60076-2 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Cooling methods 8 4.1 Identification symbols 8 4.2 Transformers with alternative cooling methods 9 5 Normal cooling conditions. 9 5.1 Air-cooled transformers . 9 5.2 Water-cooled transformers

19、10 6 Temperature rise limits . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Temperature rise limits at rated power 10 6.3 Modified requirements for special cooling conditions . 12 6.3.1 General . 12 6.3.2 Air-cooled transformers . 12 6.3.3 Water-cooled transformers 13 6.4 Temperature rise during a specified load cycle 1

20、3 7 Temperature rise tests 13 7.1 General . 13 7.2 Temperature of the cooling media . 13 7.2.1 Ambient temperature . 13 7.2.2 Water temperature . 14 7.3 Test methods for temperature rise determination . 14 7.3.1 General . 14 7.3.2 Test by short-circuit method for two winding transformers 14 7.3.3 Te

21、st modification for particular transformers 15 7.4 Determination of liquid temperatures . 16 7.4.1 Top-liquid temperature 16 7.4.2 Bottom and average liquid temperatures 17 7.5 Determination of top, average and bottom liquid temperature rises 18 7.6 Determination of average winding temperature 18 7.

22、7 Determination of winding resistance at the instant of shutdown . 19 7.8 Determination of average winding temperature rise at the instant of shutdown . 19 7.9 Determination of the average winding to liquid temperature gradient . 19 7.10 Determination of the hot-spot winding temperature rise . 20 7.

23、10.1 General . 20 7.10.2 Determination by calculation 20 7.10.3 Direct measurement during the temperature rise test . 20 7.11 Uncertainties affecting the results of the temperature rise test. 21 7.12 Dissolved gas-in-oil analysis . 21 7.13 Corrections 21 Annex A (informative) Hot-spot winding temper

24、ature rise determination for OFAF and OFWF cooled transformers based on the top-liquid temperature in tank 23 Annex B (informative) Methods to estimate the hot-spot winding temperature rises 25 60076-2 IEC:2011 3 Annex C (informative) Techniques used in temperature rise testing of liquid-immersed tr

25、ansformers . 30 Annex D (informative) Dissolved gases analysis for the detection of local overheating . 39 Annex E (informative) Application of optical fibre sensors for winding hot-spot measurements 43 Bibliography 47 Figure B.1 Temperature rise distribution model for ON cooling methods 26 Figure B

26、.2 Value of factor Q as a function of rated power and strand height (W) . 27 Figure B.3 Typical liquid flow paths in a disk winding with diverting washers 28 Figure C.1 Recommended circuit for transformers with a low resistance winding using two separate direct current sources, one for each winding

27、. 32 Figure C.2 Alternative recommended circuit using only one direct current source for both windings 32 Figure C.3 Average winding temperature variation after shutdown . 33 Figure C.4 Extrapolation of the cooling down curve, using the fitting curve ( )w0wt/TBektAt+= 38 Figure E.1 Optical fibre sen

28、sor application for a disk winding of core type transformer . 45 Figure E.2 Optical fibre sensor application for a transposed cable of core type transformer . 45 Figure E.3 Modality of optical fibre sensor application in the winding spacer of core type transformer . 46 Figure E.4 Optical fibre senso

29、r application for high voltage winding of shell type transformer . 46 Table 1 Temperature rise limits 11 Table 2 Recommended values of temperature rise corrections in case of special service conditions . 12 Table 3 Exponents for the corrections of temperature rise test results . 22 Table A.1 Hot-spo

30、t winding temperature rises for some specific transformers determined from conventional heat run test data combined with calculated hot-spot winding temperature rise, and from direct fibre-optic measurements . 24 Table C.1 Example of cooling down curve calculation spreadsheet 37 Table D.1 Minimum de

31、tectable value SDof gases in oil 40 Table D.2 Admissible limits for gas rate increases . 41 Table E.1 Minimum recommended number of sensors for three-phase transformers 43 Table E.2 Minimum recommended number of sensors for single-phase transformers . 43 4 60076-2 IEC:2011 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHN

32、ICAL COMMISSION _ POWER TRANSFORMERS Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of

33、IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PA

34、S) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising wit

35、h the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as ne

36、arly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in th

37、at sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committe

38、es undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide

39、any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest

40、edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether

41、 direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indis

42、pensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60076-

43、2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 14: Power transformers. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1993. It is a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the standard is

44、applicable only to liquid immersed transformers; b) the winding hot-spot temperature rise limit was introduced among the prescriptions; c) the modalities for the temperature rise test were improved in relation to the new thermal requirements; d) five informative annexes were added in order to facili

45、tate the standard application. 60076-2 IEC:2011 5 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 14/669/FDIS 14/676/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publi

46、cation has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of the IEC 60076 series can be found, under the general title Power transformers, on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stabili

47、ty date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicat

48、es that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 60076-2 IEC:2011 POWER TRANSFORMERS Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers 1 Scope This part of IEC 600

49、76 applies to liquid-immersed transformers, identifies power transformers according to their cooling methods, defines temperature rise limits and gives the methods for temperature rise tests. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit