（菏泽专版）2018中考英语总复习第三部分题型研析高分保障课件.ppt

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1、第三部分 题型研析 高分保障,题型 1 听力测试,听力是近三年菏泽中考英语试题的新增题型，共四节，满分从25分增加到30分。从命题角度来看，听力包括4个题型。题型1：听句子选图片。题型2：听句子选答语。题型3：听对话和问题选正确答案。题型4：听短文和问题选正确答案。本题一般为说明文或应用文。听力话题设置主要涉及学校信息、兴趣与爱好、工作与职业、家人和亲友、家庭生活、周末活动、学校生活、旅游、购物计划、点餐、疾病、天气情况、打电话等，测试内容大致可分为：时间和顺序、地点和目的、价格和数量、人物和事件、情景和背景等。,解题技法指导,类型 1 听句子选择恰当该题型主要考查日常交际用语，考生要在听之前

2、认真浏览选项；听时要注意听清句子的意思并把握关键词，同时，可从语调、助动词、疑问词中判断该句的类型，以此确定答语。【例1】 AI have a fever.BTake this medicine.CIm seeing a doctor.【听力原文】 Young man，whats wrong with you?【解析】 此题需听清楚whats wrong，可判断询问身体状况或发生了什么事情。 【答案】 A,【例2】【听力原文】 My mother usually watches TV by herself after supper.【解析】此题需听清楚watches TV，便可选出答案。【答案

3、】 A,类型 2 听对话、短文回答问题类对话和短文是一个相互联系的整体，考生听前应先浏览选项和问题，了解一定的信息，并预测话题及内容；另外，考生要边听边做简要记录，在听力过程中，记录时间、地点、发生的事件、原因、结果和常见短语等信息，以增强记忆。【例3】 2016厦门中考 ADelicious. BHealthy. CExpensive.【听力原文】 M：Can you tell me where there is a good place to eat? W：Burger King makes the most delicious hamburgers，and a new place cal

4、led Subway serves really healthy sandwiches. M：OK.Ill try Subway.Hope its not too expensive. Q：Hows the food at Subway?【解析】 听力中出现了两个饭店名称，需要考生在听时抓住关键词Burger King，delicious和Subway，healthy；再听清问题，问哪个饭店，从而得到正确答案。【答案】 B,即时运用,第一节 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有三幅图画。每个句子仅读一遍。请你从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与句子内容相符的图画，并标在试卷的相应位置。( )1.(

5、)2.( )3.( )4.( )5.,A,C,B,A,A,第二节 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有一道小题。每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答语，并标在试卷的相应位置。( )6.A.Im sorry. BIm tired.CIm serious. ( )7.A.Youre welcome.BHelp yourself，please.CJust looking，thanks. ( )8.A.30 minutes. B30 miles. C30 kilos. ( )9.A.Im thirsty.BSome orange juice.CYes，a ca

6、ke please. ( )10.A.Thats nice.BYoud better have a rest.CWith pleasure.,B,C,A,B,B,第三节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题。每段对话和问题读两遍。请你听完对话和问题的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。( )11.What is the girl doing?AShe is playing a game.BShe is watching TV.CShe is studying. ( )12.How will the man go home?ABy taxi. BBy

7、 bus. CBy car. ( )8.13.How much is the coat?AThirteen dollars.BThirty dollars.CThree dollars. ( )14.What does the man think of the movie?AIts wonderful. BHe dislikes it.CIts just soso. ( )15.Where does Lilys pen pal come from?AChina. BBrazil. CAmerica.,A,B,B,A,C,第四节 听下面一段短文，短文后有五道小题。短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和

8、问题的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。( )16.How was the weather yesterday?ARainy. BCloudy. CSunny. ( )17.Who was ill?AMr.Wang. BMr.Gao. CMr.Li. ( )18.Which teacher gave us the PE. class at last?AHistory teacher. BChinese teacher.CMath teacher. ( )19.What we felt when Mr.Gao said he would give

9、us the PE. class?AWorried. BSurprised. CRelaxed. ( )20.What the boys played in that unusual class?AFootball. BBasketball. CPingpong.,B,A,C,B,A,题型 2 单项填空,一、题型特点单项填空主要考查学生语言知识的综合运用能力。随着每年中考一步步的改进，该题型更加注重考查学生的实际运用能力。纯粹考查语法的题目在逐渐减少，取而代之的是着重考查单词、词组在特殊语境中的含义，考查学生在特定的语言环境下对语言意义的领悟、判断与运用能力；口语交际的比例逐步扩大；动词和主从

10、复合句的考查是热点。二、必考点归纳冠词、代词、名词、介词、连词、形容词及副词比较级、动词短语、情态动词、时态(现在完成时、过去进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、一般现在时、现在进行时)、被动语态和宾语从句。,解题技法指导方法 1 固定搭配法固定搭配法，就是利用学过的固定短语进行解题。【例】 Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant，which is famous _ its food. Aof Bto Cfor 【解析】 be famous for为固定词组，意为“因而出名”。根据句意可推知千禧龙酒店因其食物而出名。【答案】 C,方法 2 标志词法许多题

11、目中都有一些词，它们对快速而准确地判断答案起着重要的作用，找到这些标志词，就找到了解题的突破口。【例】 It was reported that nine Chinese people_in a balloon crash(坠毁)in Egypt on February 26th，2013. Aare killed Bwere killed Cwill kill【解析】 根据on February 26th，2013这个时间状语，我们很容易判断应为一般过去时。【答案】 B,方法 3 排除法 排除法，就是根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余项代入空白处进行验

12、证。【例】 Can I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning? _is OK.Im free today and tomorrow. AEither BNeither CBoth【解析】 根据题意，应理解为今天和明天都有空，由此排除B项表示否定含义的代词。虽然both表示“两者都”，但谓语动词应使用are，所以排除C，either意为“(两者中的)任何一个，谓语动词用单数”。【答案】 A,方法 4 语境分析法 语境分析法，就是根据所处的语言环境，联系上下文直接解题。【例】 Mom，I was the first to reach the top of

13、the mountain. Good job，Jack！Im_ of you. Acareful Bproud Ctired【解析】 be careful of，be proud of，be tired of这三个词组都存在，但根据语境，“我”是第一个到达山顶的，妈妈肯定是对此感到骄傲。【答案】 B,方法 5 前后照应法 前后照应法，就是解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含的信息，找到正确答案。【例】 What fun The Croods is! Yeah！I like the movie，too.Its so_ Aboring Bscary Cinteresting【解析】 根据“I

14、like the movie，too.”可知这部电影很有趣。【答案】 C,方法 6 交际法交际法，就是利用交际用语的问和答来解题。【例】 I will go to the countryside to see my grandmother this afternoon，so I cant go swimming with you. _ AIts my pleasure. BYou are welcome. CThats a pity.【解析】 根据句意可知，两人不能一块去游泳，这种情况下我们使用“真遗憾”作为应答。故选C。【答案】 C,方法 7 还原法该方法有时也叫代入法，是仿照数学中代入答案

15、演算从而验证是否正确的一种方法。具体来讲，做题时，先读题干，分析句子结构和考查目的，然后浏览选项，根据题干把认为最有可能的选项代入到题干中去读，看是否有意义、是否符合语法、是否完整、是否符合固定搭配等，从而来判断代入的选项是否是最佳答案。【例】 I dont know how to search the Internet. _Ill help you. AI hope so BDont worry CIm afraid，too【解析】 本题考查提供帮助句型的问答。句意：我不知道如何上网。_。我会帮助你。先看选项，不确定哪一个合适时，可把每一个选项都代入，看一看是否通顺或者完整。代入A项“我希望

16、如此，我会帮助你”，不通顺；代入C项“恐怕我也不会，我会帮你”，自相矛盾。只有B项“不必担心，我会帮你”合适。【答案】 B,即时运用 1We should be kind to the old and take care_them in daily life. Aof Bfor Cwith2I like hiking in the forest because the air is pretty _ Afree Bdirty Cfresh3Lets go for a swim on Saturday，Jack. Oh，_ I have to work on a science report.

17、Awhat a pity! Bwith pleasure. Cgo ahead.4_ are these bananas? $3.99. AHow much BHow long CHow heavy,A,C,A,A,5_I got home，my sister was doing her homework. AWhen BBecause CIf6Sally is my best friend.She is always there whenever Im _ Yeah.A friend in need is a friend indeed. Ain order Bin trouble Cin

18、public7Who is the person you admire the most? Qian Xuesen，the Father of Chinas Missiles.He is the _ of China. Aleader Bpride Cvoice8How many people are there in your group? Four.Three boys _ in our group. AIs Bare Cwere,A,B,B,B,9Li Ming，do you know _ this year? Its on June 20th. Awhen is the Dragon

19、Boat Festival Bwhen the Midautumn Festival is Cwhen the Dragon Boat Festival is10How are you getting along with your math study? Much better.I dont feel it was as _as before. Ainteresting Bmuch Cdifficult11Tomorrow my parents will take me to Hong Kong Disneyland. _ ABest wishes to you! BIts a good i

20、dea. CHave a good day!12For kids of this age，two hours of sitting in a classroom _ too long. Ais Bare Cwas,C,C,C,A,题型 3 完形填空 近三年完形填空的语篇文体以记叙文为主，话题包括母子情感、朋友交往、学校生活等。通常首尾句不设空，全文设空均匀，考查点多为名词、动词、代词、介词、形容词等词义辨析，一般不涉及对单纯语法的考查，而且生词数很少。,解题技法指导 阅读指导1速读全文，掌握大意完形填空一般是给定一篇短文，该短文是一个内容完整的整体，有它自己的逻辑、组织结构和语言特点。即使文章

21、中去掉某些词语，学生读后仍能产生一个整体印象。因此做题时第一步就是要快速阅读全文，了解短文大意。通读全文，有利于把握短文的逻辑关系，提高选择答案的速度和准确率。2抓住关键词，根据上下文解题要善于发现在文章中起重要作用的关键词、短语或句子，以便准确了解所提问题的特定语境以及语篇中的内在关系，做到言之有据。比如文章的首尾、每段的第一句和最后一句等，它们往往是全文或全段的主题句，通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物和事件等。3瞻前顾后，逐步填空“瞻前顾后”，即答题时要回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。(1)择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个验证其余答案。,(2)排

22、除法：如果答案一时难以确定，可从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析及必备常识等方面，对选项逐项分析试填，排除干扰选项，从而确定最佳答案。4通读全文，验证答案填完所有单词后，不可孤立地逐个词检查，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法或语境，反复推敲，确保无误。,例题精析 Can you imagine that you might take after a famous person？It must be_1_！ Here is such a lucky dog.From the haircut to the

23、 hand gestures (手势)，and even the ears，he_2_like American President Obama.Xiao Jiguo is from Sichuan，China.In 2012，he first appeared on the TV talent contest Chinese Dream Show.After that，he acted some small_3_in TV shows and films.Though he then wasnt very successful，he 4 gave up his dream.A good da

24、y finally came to him.Once he realized he took after President Obama_5_posting a video of his show online.In fact，many viewers were discussing how_6_he looked like the US president.,But its not 7 to become another“Obama”According to Xiao，he has studied hundreds of videos of Obama to act like him.And

25、 he has worked hard to study English so that he would be able to 8 some of the presidents speeches.Now he is a lot more popular than he 9 to be.Some stores even pay much for him to help with their 10 In May 2015，he made an online comedy called Obama Go on Dates (奧巴马相亲记)He showed off his amazing abil

26、ity to imitate(模仿)the president in the movie. 1A.boring Btiring Camazing 2A.looks Bsounds Cfeels 3A.parts Broles Cactors 4A.often Balmost Cnever 5A.until Bwithout Cafter 6A.long Bmuch Csoon 7A.easy Bfunny Chappy 8A.praise Bdivide Cremember 9A.had Bwanted Cused 10A.work Bprice Cbusiness,【主旨大意】本文介绍了来自

27、中国四川的肖基国因长相酷似美国总统奥巴马，经过自己的努力终于获得成功的故事。1C 考查角度：形容词辨析。解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理过程：boring “无聊的”；tiring“劳累的”；amazing“令人惊讶的”。根据第一句“Can you imagine that you might take after a famous person？”可知，长得像名人一定是令人惊讶的。2A 考查角度：系动词辨析。解题方法：图片提示。 推理过程：look“看起来”；sound“听起来”；feel“感觉起来”。根据图片可知，从发型到手势，甚至耳朵，他看起来都像美国总统奥巴马。look like为固定词组，

28、意为“看起来像”。3B 考查角度：名词辨析。解题方法：语境推断。 推理过程：part“部分”；role“角色”；actor“演员”。根据空后的“in TV shows and films”可知，应该是在电视剧和电影里面扮演一些小角色。,4C 考查角度：副词辨析。解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理过程：often“经常”；almost“差不多”；never“从不”。 根据本句话的前半部分“Though he then wasnt very successful，.”可知，尽管那时他不是很成功，但是他从未放弃他的梦想。前后为转折关系，后半句应为否定意义。5C 考查角度：连词辨析。解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理

29、过程：until“直到”；without“没有”；after“在之后”。前半部分的“he realized he took after President Obama”和后半部分的“posting a video of his show online.”为先后关系，故选after。6B 考查角度：副词短语辨析。解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理过程：how long“多长”；how much表程度；how soon“多久”。句意：实际上，很多观众都在谈论他长得多么像美国的总统。how much 表示“到什么程度”，符合语境。,7A 考查角度：形容词辨析。 解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理过程：easy“容易

30、的”；funny“有趣的，滑稽的”；happy“幸福的，快乐的”。根据下句中的“he has studied hundreds of videos of Obama to act like him”可知，成为另外一个“奥巴马”是不容易的。8C 考查角度：动词辨析。 解题方法：语境推断。 推理过程：praise“赞扬，表扬”；divide“分开”；remember“记得”。根据空格后的“some of the presidents speeches”可知，他努力学习英语，以便能够记住总统的一些演讲。9C 考查角度：动词辨析。解题方法：逻辑推理。 推理过程：根据下文的描述可知，现在他比以前更受欢迎

31、了，used to be “过去曾经”。10C 考查角度：名词辨析。解题方法：推理判断。 推理过程：work“工作”；price“价格”；business“商业，生意”。根据上文的“ Some stores even pay much for him.”可知，商店甚至付钱给他来促进他们的生意。,技法点拨1逻辑推理：副词、介词或连词词义辨析类的试题通常采用逻辑推理的方法，判断出要修饰词类的情况，选出正确答案。该类题中通常上下文的提示较多，我们可以通过提示推断出答案。2语境推断：此类题是在完形填空中最常见的，如例文第二段的“he acted some small_in TV shows and f

32、ilms.”可推测出用名词roles。这就是明显的语境。3图片提示：有时文中的插图对理解文意有很大的帮助，如判断本文的主旨大意。4推理判断：在做此类题时，我们必须在前后句中找出关键的提示词，进而进行推理判断。如例文最后一段的“Some stores even pay much for him to help with their _”，由stores可推测出商店甚至付钱给他来促进他们的生意，所以用business。,即时运用 Passage 1 2016北京中考改编Mums Christmas SurpriseMolly ran back home from school and droppe

33、d her schoolbag on the sofa.Then on the table she saw “Mums Wish Book”a mail order catalog(商品目录) from a gift shop.“Mum，” she said excitedly to herself，“this year youll get the gloves you want！” Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her _1_ all year to buy Mum the gloves.She opened “Mums Wi

34、sh Book” and hoped that she could find these _2_ in it.Teas ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog.Mum wouldnt buy them for herself，because the family had a _3_ time on the farm.She once heard Mum say to Dad，“Maybe some day，Ill have the money to get them.”,Molly ran out by the back

35、 door and went straight to the post office.There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog.“I need to buy a stamp to _4_ the form.” She said to Mr.Smith，the only worker in the post office.“Umm，a pair of gloves？” said Mr.Smith，as he passed a stamp to her.“Yes，Its a Christmas gift

36、for Mum，but please dont tell her.Its our _5_，OK？” Molly didnt realize how white Mr.Smiths beard was until that moment.In face，he reminded her of Santa Claus.As Molly walked back home，she decided to tell Dad her secret.“Youve got to check the mailbox every day，” said Molly _6_ to Dad.He nodded，with a

37、 big smile.Coming home from school every day，Molly peeked at (偷看) Dad when Mum wasnt _7_，but every time he shook his head.,On Christmas Eve，Dad came back from mailbox，still empty handed.Molly felt _8_ when she went to bed，because she didnt have the gloves for Mum.Before Christmas dinner，as Mum took

38、the apple pies out of the oven，Molly began _9_ the table.Suddenly，they heard someone pulling up the driveway.From the window they saw Mr.Smith making his way to the door，with a box in his hand.Mr.Smith _10_ Mum the box，“I believe this is yours.”Mum looked from Dad to Molly and opened the box.Her eye

39、s lit up when she saw the gloves.“Oh，who bought these for me？” she asked.“Santa did，” said Molly smilingly.“Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas！” Mr.Smith，with a loud laugh.It was Christmas that no one would ever forget.,( )1.A.time Bmoney Cenergy ( )2.A.flowers Bsunglasses Cgloves ( )3.A.hard Blonely Cshor

40、t ( )4.A.design Bcomplete Csend ( )5.A.secret Bchoice Cdream ( )6.A.patiently Bquietly Cproudly ( )7.A.working Blooking Csmiling ( )8.A.sad Bstrange Cangry ( )9.A.pushing Bchanging Csetting ( )10.A.bought Bhanded Clent,B,C,A,C,A,B,B,A,C,B,Passage 2 2016广州中考改编When Rebecca was a middle school student，

41、she was often bullied(欺凌)At that time，she didnt want to tell others.However，she now thinks people who are bullied should talk about their_1_Rebecca says that many people who are bullied_2_in silence.She says that although she_3_heard a lot about bullying when she was in primary school，she never thou

42、ght it would happen to her.Rebecca told us that the bullying began when she went to middle school.People started making fun of her for being a_4_student and knowing all the answers.She went on to say that every time she answered a question correctly in class，everyone would start shouting and saying

43、that she was too _5_ for them.,She told us that by the end of the year，she was very _6_about the bullying and became ill.She began to hate school.But _7_she had a friend who she could talk to，and they told their headteacher about her problem.She believes that talking to the teacher_8_ her a lot.They

44、 found ways to deal with the problem，and the bullying finally_9_Her_10_is，dont see yourself as the problem.Nobody should be bullied.But if you dont tell anyone what is going on，nobody will know that you need help.,( )1.A.experiences Bjokes Chobbies ( )2.A.sleep Blaugh Csuffer ( )3.A.seldom Balways C

45、never ( )4.A.bad Bhappy Cgood ( )5.A.clever Bslow Cnoisy ( )6.A.pleased Bworried Csatisfied ( )7.A.usually Binterestingly Cluckily ( )8.A.surprised Bcontrolled Chelped ( )9.A.started Bstopped Cincreased ( )10.A.problem Bagreement Cadvice,A,C,B,C,A,B,C,C,B,C,题型 4 阅读理解近几年的菏泽中考阅读理解体裁丰富，既有记叙文、说明文和议论文，也有

46、应用文；话题形式有广告、短文等，内容涉及到家庭关爱、招聘创业、国外风俗、梦想经历、未来生活等。2017年以前每年考查3篇阅读理解，每篇设置5个小题，考查方式多为4道细节理解题和1道词义猜测题或1道主旨大意题。2017年新增一篇阅读理解，共考查4篇阅读理解，A篇设置3个小题，B、C、D三篇各设置4个小题，总分值保持不变。选项设置为三个选项。,解题技法指导 阅读指导在平时的阅读训练中，我们可以按照以下几点来做：1抓关键句(如名词、动词、主谓宾构成的简单句及常见的几种复合句)。2抓首尾句，即中心句，也叫主题句。3在浏览题目的同时，用铅笔画出有关信息来缩小寻找范围。4学会通过阅读上下文或跳读来推测词义

47、。 最后，要复读检查。答完题后，再重读一遍短文，以验证所做的答案。,例题精析 2017乌鲁木齐中考改编“Lets go wrestling，Dad！” 摔跤吧，爸爸！is one of the Top 10 movies recently.It tells a true story about an Indian man and his two daughters.His names Mahavir.In real life，he is called “the father of Indian women wrestling” because thousands of girls across

48、 India have been supposed to take up wrestling with his efforts.A very famous Indian actorAamir Khan，played the role of Mahavir in the movie.It was an unusual experience for him.Aamir Khan was very serious about his character and he tried to make this character close to the true story.In order to act well，he needed to put on weight to be very fat and then did sports to be very strong in a short time.,