UFC 3-201-02 CHANGE 1-2009 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE [Superseded ARMY ARMY TM 5-830-1 ARMY ARMY TM 5-830-4].pdf

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1、UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009

2、 Including Change 1, November 2009 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINE

3、ERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes (changes are indicated by 1 . /1/) Change No. Date Location 1 November 5, 2009 Corrected UFC and UFGS designations throughout This UFC supersedes UFC 3-210-05FA, dated 16 January 2

4、004; NAVFAC P-904/Army TM 5-830-1; and NAVFAC P-905/Army TM 5-830-4/AFM 88-17, Chapter 4 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 FOREWORD The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) sy

5、stem is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT and second, through more efficient maintenance o

6、f facilities criteria. Impact: This UFC will have a pronounced positive impact on the functionality, sustainability, maintenance, appearance, and life cycle cost of DoD projects. Overall impact to design and construction costs will be minimal. Non Unified Issues: none Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo

7、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 i CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE . 1 1-2 APPLICABILITY . 1 1-3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . 1 1-3.1 EXPERIENCE 1 1-3.2 DESIGN SERVICES 1 1-3.2.1 PRE

8、-DESIGN AND DESIGN SERVICES . 2 1-3.2.2 POST-DESIGN SERVICES 3 1-4 CRITICAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS . 3 1-5 STANDARDS or, airfield pavements. For a more comprehensive presentation of potential site improvement issues and treatments see Appendix B Best Practices in Landscape Architecture. 1-3 GENERAL REQ

9、UIREMENTS Design of all site improvement features shall be accomplished by an experienced registered professional. As a minimum, all construction projects with site improvement costs over $250,000 shall have a landscaping plan and supporting details signed by a registered professional in the state o

10、f the project location. For states without licensure requirements, the designer shall be licensed in an adjacent state or jurisdiction. This requirement is consistent with that of the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) and the majority of state departments of professional regulation, which requir

11、e signature by a licensed professional in their field of study and expertise. In most cases this will be a registered Landscape Architect. More stringent professional requirements and certifications may be required in the individual design and construction contracts. 1-3.1 Experience The designer sh

12、all have a minimum of three years experience in the design and management of projects similar in scope and complexity to the current project. In addition, the designer shall have experience in sustainable development and low impact design as it relates to site improvements and features. 1-3.2 Design

13、 Services The designer shall facilitate the integration of the current project with the existing context, focusing on such specifics as safety, security, sustainability, Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 In

14、cluding Change 1, November 2009 2 accessibility, circulation, function, cost effectiveness, aesthetics, and compatibility with surrounding land use. 1-3.2.1 Pre-Design and Design Services The following key components of planning and design shall be addressed (examples are provided below, in parenthe

15、sis): Programming (development and clarification of project scope based on customer needs and expectations) Site Analysis (visual and functional analysis, natural landscape analysis, historical and cultural landscape elements, landscape development zoning, existing site plan, project limits) Site Pl

16、anning (preliminary development of spatial-functional relationships based on programming and site analysis) Preservation and Maintenance of Existing Resources (plant material, historical, cultural, and natural resources) Grading and Drainage (erosion and sedimentation control, low impact development

17、) Circulation Systems (roads, streetscapes, parking areas, recreational trails, bikeways and walkways) Common Areas (plazas and courtyards, parade grounds, recreational areas, pedestrian and vehicular gates/entrances, playgrounds and tot lots, monuments, memorials, static displays) Planting Design (

18、plant selection and location, low maintenance, regionally native species, xeriscape, remediation and reclamation, green roofs, interior planting) Forestry (trees, brush and fire management, urban forestry management) Irrigation Design (minimizing water requirements, plant establishment and survival,

19、 water budgeting and hydrozoning, water sources) Site Furnishings (exterior lighting, seating, shelters, trash and ash receptacles, fences and walls, bicycle racks, grates, bollards, planters, water features) Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from I

20、HS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 3 Signage Systems (interpretive, informational, identification, wayfinding) Site Security (comprehensive planning, facility site design, site security details) Construction Documents (plans, details, specifications, cost estimati

21、ng) 1-3.2.2 Post-Design Services As contracted, the designer shall address the following key components of post-design (examples are provided below, in parenthesis): Field Consultation During Construction (inspection, quality control, shop drawing and submittal review) Landscape Establishment, Maint

22、enance and Management (comprehensive landscape maintenance, landscape maintenance tasks and methods, landscape management plan development) 1-4 CRITICAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS The designer shall address the following critical design issues: (Requirements for the following critical issues can be found i

23、n the documents listed in paragraph 1-5.) Security (Antiterrorism/Force Protection) Accessibility Sustainable Development (Economical, Environmental, Low-Impact Development) Planting and Irrigation Establishment Period o Typical time period: 1 year warranty and maintenance o Periodic inspections: Es

24、tablishment start, completion, and once per quarter (minimum) 1-4.1 Sustainable Development Projects must comply with Executive Order 13423, Strengthening Federal Environment, Energy, and Transportation Management, dated 24 January 2007. EO 13423 requires compliance with the Memorandum of Understand

25、ing (MOU) on Federal Leadership in High Performance and Sustainable Buildings. The Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 4 Guiding Principles of the MOU align with the US Green

26、 Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system. The following LEED-New Construction credits that landscape architecture could impact should be included in the design to comply EO 13423: SS 6.1, SS 6.2, WE 1.1, WE 3.1, EA 1, MR 2.1,MR 4.1, MR 6, MR

27、 7 and EQ 4. Projects must comply with P.L. 110-140 (H.R.6) Energy Independence and Security Act 2007 (EISA 2007). Section 438 provides storm water runoff requirements for federal projects. Navy and Marine Corps projects must consider Low Impact Development strategies to comply with the storm water

28、management requirements in the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations Land Use Plan (including natural constraints and program elements; Base Comprehensive Plan; Land Development Plan; Capital Improvements Plan; Visual Analysis and Theme Development; Approved Plant List; Approved Materials L

29、ist; Approved Site Furnishings List; Specifications (see Unified Facilities Guide Specifications;) and Details. B-1.2.2 Site Design Documentation Each site design project requires a combination of documents to communicate the landscape architects design intent to the construction and maintenance con

30、tractors. Typical site design documentation includes: Site Analysis Documents (including natural, visual, cultural, and historical elements) Concept Design Site Plan Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Includ

31、ing Change 1, November 2009 11 Implementation/Installation Documents (including Demolition Plan, Grading Plan, Drainage Plan, Planting Plan, Irrigation Plan, Details, and Specifications according to the UFGS) Figure B-1.1 Example Diagram to Illustrate Land Use Relationships B-1.2.3 Land Management P

32、lan A land management plan describes long-term or continued actions to ensure proper maintenance and management of the installation. Without proper maintenance and management, landscape elements will have a shorter lifespan. A land management plan is tailored to the specific requirements of the inst

33、allation, and may include the following documents: Grounds Maintenance Plan Maintenance schedules (includes plant, hardscape, site furnishing, and water feature requirements) Urban Forestry Management Plan Brush Management Plan Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit

34、hout license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 12 Erosion Management Plan B-1.3 Planning Process The planning process may include land use plans, area development plans, and erosion control plans, and existing conditions survey. B-1.3.1 Land Use Plan A land

35、 use plan highlights the type of activities that occur in different parts of an installation. Land use impacts site development in the following ways: Functional relationship to existing facilities; Proximity to user and customer; Scope of requirement and expansion potential; Noise, environmental im

36、pact, safety, and security needs; Existing infrastructure capacity; and Required site preparation. B-1.3.2 Area Development Plan Area development planning blends existing conditions and future facility requirements. Some of the factors that the landscape architect will evaluate in this phase include

37、: Architectural theme of surrounding buildings; Pedestrian and vehicular needs, volumes, destinations, and access; Future facility requirements; Conceptual parking configuration; and Street realignments and closures. B-1.3.3 Erosion Control Plan The potential for erosion on the site should be addres

38、sed early in the planning and design process to correct existing problems and prevent further erosion from occurring. The results of the plan are often shown on the grading and drainage plans for proposed construction projects. B-1.3.4 Existing Conditions Survey Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo repro

39、duction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 13 Evaluate topography, drainage patterns and structures, soil types, the extent and type of vegetative cover, impermeable surfaces, vehicular and pedestrian circulation patte

40、rns, and above- and below-grade drainage structures. Record climatic information, including norms and extremes in temperature, precipitation and wind, to help define both expected and unusual conditions that may affect design decisions. In developing the existing conditions survey, consider governme

41、ntal regulations that may affect design actions. These include the Federal Clean Water Act, which regulates the discharge of material into waters of the United States, and the Endangered Species Act, which regulates actions that may have an impact on rare plants and animals. Projects or actions that

42、 may require permits or approvals under these and other acts entail coordination with various Federal agencies, including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The State Historic Preservation Office regulates cultural resources

43、 including historic buildings, districts, and archeological sites. Also consider state or local laws that may affect planning and design. B-1.4 Site Design Process Synthesize planning and analysis with project requirements during the design process. The result will be a solution that improves the fu

44、nctionality, image, and quality of life for the users. The main components of the design process are: Project Programming: During this first stage of the process, summarize requirements, priorities, and user needs. Site Analysis: Evaluation factors at this stage include views, existing conditions, v

45、ehicular and pedestrian circulation, plant types, noise, and security requirements. Concept Design: The concept design illustrates the overall design intent to be discussed with and approved by the client prior to moving forward with more detailed designs. Site Plan: Site planning factors include to

46、pography, existing vegetation, existing nearby structures, existing natural features, entrances/service areas, orientation, walkways, parking details, lighting, drainage, pedestrian and vehicular circulation, building setback from street, and security elements. Theory: Design theory, along with comp

47、rehensive site analysis, is key to successful landscape design. Apply the following design principles: proportion, scale, unity, harmony, line, emphasis, contrast, variety, repetition, form, texture and color. The choice of materials also contributes to the quality of landscape design. Landscape mat

48、erials typically include: plants, inert materials, landforms, site amenities, and water features. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-201-02 23 February 2009 Including Change 1, November 2009 14 Figure B-1.2 Example Concept Drawing B-1.4.1 Design Guidelines Basic principles of quality landscape architecture apply to all projects. The following general guidelines are typically employed: Use hardy, regionally native