TIA TSB-149-2004 Generic Workmanship Guidelines for Fiber Optic Connector Interoperability《光纤连接器的一般工艺指南》.pdf

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1、 TSB-149-2004 APPROVED: AUGUST 1, 2004 REAFFIRMED: JANUARY 29, 2014 TSB-149 August 2004Generic Workmanship Guidelines for Fiber Optic Connector Interoperability NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between m

2、anufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any mem

3、ber or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domestically or internationally. Standards and Publications are ad

4、opted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. This Standard does not purport to address

5、 all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Project No. TIA-PN-149

6、-RF1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems, TR-42.13 Subcommittee on Passive Optical Devices and Fiber Optic Metrology). . Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology (b) there is no assurance that the Document will be approved by an

7、y Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”), including pen

8、ding or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder thereof is requested, all in accordance wi

9、th the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties involved, nor will T

10、IA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its contents. If the Document contains one or

11、more Normative References to a document published by another organization (“other SSO”) engaged in the formulation, development or publication of standards (whether designated as a standard, specification, recommendation or otherwise), whether such reference consists of mandatory, alternate or optio

12、nal elements (as defined in the TIA Engineering Manual, 4thedition) then (i) TIA disclaims any duty or obligation to search or investigate the records of any other SSO for IPR or letters of assurance relating to any such Normative Reference; (ii) TIAs policy of encouragement of voluntary disclosure

13、(see Engineering Manual Section 6.5.1) of Essential Patent(s) and published pending patent applications shall apply; and (iii) Information as to claims of IPR in the records or publications of the other SSO shall not constitute identification to TIA of a claim of Essential Patent(s) or published pen

14、ding patent applications. TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or services or any claims of compliance with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DI

15、SCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RE

16、SPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFECTS OF THE CONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED OR RENDERED

17、TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSIN

18、ESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CON

19、TENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TSB-149iTSB-149Generic Workmanship Guidelines for Fiber Optic Connector InteroperabilityContentsForewordiii1 SCOPE 12 REFERENCES 22.1 Documents22.2 Optical Interface Terminology 42.3 Miscellaneous Terminology .4

20、3 LIMITATION OF SPECIFYING OPTICAL PERFORMANCE ONLY. 64 LIMITATION OF FOCIS DOCUMENTS . 75 RECOMMENDATIONS . 85.1 Physical Contact (PC) 95.2 Angled Physical Contact (APC).95.3 Non-Contact(NC)105.4 Flat Polish (FLAT)10Annex A 11TSB-149iiThis page left blank.TSB-149iiiTSB-149 (PN-3-0106)Generic Workma

21、nship Guidelines for Optical InteroperabilityForeword(This Foreword is informative only and is not part of this Standard.)From TIA Project No. 3-0106, formulated under the cognizance of TIA FO-4.3,Subcommittee on Interconnection Devices.There is an Annex in Visual End-Face Inspection Criteria.Key wo

22、rds: Fiber Optics, Insertion Loss, Return Loss, End-face Geometry,Interoperability.TSB-149ivThis page left blank.11 SCOPEThe purpose of this TSB is to provide generic guidelines for users and consumers of“industry standard” optical connectors as defined by the TIA-604-XXX series of FiberOptic Interm

23、ateability Connector Interface Standards (FOCIS) documents. Thisdocument is meant to supply guidance to end-users as to how to specify and verifythat terminated products complying to a particular FOCIS standard will perform asexpected regardless of: Manufacturer of the unterminated connectors Suppli

24、er of the terminated assemblies Different operators within the same supplierThe underlying issue is that specifying optical performance requirements is notenough. Without also specifying end-face profiles, the user can be faced with aproduct that passed specified insertion loss/return loss requireme

25、nts against a teststandard but performs quite differently when mated against other terminations. Inaddition, defining and requiring that the end-face profile be within some range isimportant for interconnect reliability.Various types of end-face profiles and recommended values for the most popularfe

26、rrule/fiber configurations are provided in this TSB. The values provided in thisdocument are derived from various resources, including the TelecommunicationsIndustry Association, Telcordia, NASA, and various connector manufactures. Forparticular application and/or particular combination of fiber/cab

27、le/connectorcombination, the user is directed to determine if other values or criteria are moreappropriate. In their absence, the default values would serve the requirements ofmost commercial applications.LIMITATIONS OF THIS DOCUMENTProducts manufactured to the guidelines of this TSB are considered

28、to representBest Commercial Practices. However, it is the responsibility of the user to determinethe suitability of a suppliers product and termination process to meet the usersservice environment. Environmental requirements and qualification are not thesubject of this TSB.22 REFERENCES2.1 Documents

29、ARINC Specification 628P6, February 2002.Cabin Equipment Interfaces, Part 6.Fiber Optic Cable Assembly General Specification.IEC 60874-19-1 (2003-01).Connectors for optical fibers and cables.Part 19-1: Fiber optic patch cord connector type SC-PC (floating duplex)Standard terminated on multimode fibe

30、r type A1a, A1b Detail specification.IEC 61300-3-4 Ed. 2.0 (2001-01).Fiber Optic interconnecting devices and passive components.Basic test and measurement procedure.Part 3-4: Examinations and measurements Attenuation.IEC 61300-3-6 Ed. 1.2 (1999-07).Fiber Optic interconnecting devices and passive com

31、ponents.Basic test and measurement procedure.Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements - Return Loss.IEC/PAS 61300-3-35 (2002-07).Fiber Optic interconnecting devices and passive components.Basic test and measurement procedure.Part 3-35: Examinations and measurements Fiber optic cylindrical connectoren

32、dface visual inspection.TELCORDIA GR-326-CORE, Issue 3, September 1999.Generic Requirements for Singlemode Optical Connectors and JumperAssemblies.TIA/EIA-455-8 (FOTP-8), May 2000.Measurement of Splice or Connector Loss and Reflectance Using an OTDR.TIA/EIA-455-34 (FOTP-34), November 1995.Interconne

33、ction Device Insertion Loss Test.TIA-455-78B (FOTP-78, IEC 60793-1-40), November 19, 2002.Optical Fibers Part 1-40: Measurement Methods and Test Procedures Attenuation.3TIA/EIA-455-107A (FOTP-107), March 1999.Determination of Component Reflectance or Link/System Return Loss Using a LossTest Set.TIA/

34、EIA-455-171A (FOTP-171), June 2001.Attenuation by Substitution Measurement-for Short-Length Multimode Graded-Indexand Singlemode Optical Fiber Cable Assemblies.TIA/EIA-526-14A (OFSTP-14), August 1998.Optical Power Loss Measurements Of Installed Multimode Fiber Cable Plant.TIA/EIA-568-B.3, March 2000

35、.Optical Fiber Cabling Components Standard.TIA/EIA-604, August 2000.Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standards (FOCIS).TIA/EIA-4920000-B, November 1997.Generic Specifications for Optical Fibers.42.2 Optical Interface TerminologyAPC: Angled Physical Contact. A type of connector end-finish in wh

36、ich theferrule/fiber assembly is convex polished at an angle from the perpendicular to thefiber axis. The angle of the polish is typically 8 degrees. An angled polish willgenerally produce better (higher) return loss performance than the traditional “straight”PC polish. Used in high performance sing

37、lemode applications such as broadband,CATV, high bandwidth analog, high bit rate digital and DWDM where ultra-high returnloss performance is required.PC: Physical Contact. A type of connector end-finish in the ferrule/fiber assembly isconvex polished parallel to the perpendicular of the fiber axis s

38、o that the fibers of twomating connectors will physically contact when mated. This is the popular standardfor most commercial digital transmission systems and mid-range military/aerospaceapplications, both multimode and singlemode.NC: Non-Fiber Contact. A variation of the PC interface in which the f

39、errule is convexpolished but the internal fiber is concave polished to deliberately produce anundercut. At the optical interface, the mating ferrules will physically contact but acontrolled airgap will exist between the mating fiber ends. Used in some olderavionics/aerospace applications. (Typical /

40、4 gap)FLAT: Flat Polish. A type of ferrule/fiber end-face where the end is purposely flatpolished. At the optical interface, the mating ferrules will physically contact, but contactof the fibers depends on the fiber undercut/protrusion and the degree to which theconnector end-faces are perpendicular

41、 to the fiber axis. This is the typical polishmethod for many multimode fiber products. Used in low data rate digital multimodefiber systems. (Gap /4)2.3 Miscellaneous TerminologyFOCIS: Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability StandardsA specific connector type is referred to as FOCIS-XXX where XXX is

42、 the assignednumber in the FOCIS series. The actual standards document for FOCIS-XXX isretrievable as TIA/EIA-604-XXX. For example, the FC connector is referred to asFOCIS-4 and the corresponding document standard is TIA/EIA-604-4FOTP: Fiber Optic Test ProceduresSpecific test procedures are generica

43、lly designated as FOTP-XXX where XXX is theassigned number in the FOTP series. The actual standards documents for aparticular FOTP-XXX is retrievable as TIA/EIA-455-XXX. For example, the basic testprocedure for measuring the attenuation of optical fiber cable assemblies is coveredis referred to as F

44、OTP-171 and the corresponding document standard is TIA/EIA-455-171A.5TSB: Technical Systems BulletinTechnical Systems Bulletins are official TIA publications, which are meant to beinformative references, but are not actual standards (FOTP, Generic Specifications,etc.). TSBs can take the form of appl

45、ication notes, technical publications, etc. Aspecific TSB is generically designated as TSB-XXX where XXX is the assignednumber in the TSB series. The actual standards document for a particular TSB-XXXretrievable as TIA/EIA-TSB-XXX.63 LIMITATION OF SPECIFYING OPTICAL PERFORMANCE ONLYFor most users, t

46、he standard basis of connector/cable assembly specification hasbeen the specification of optical performance only. Referencing two parametersspecifies the optical performance of fiber optic cable assembly: Insertion Loss/cable assembly loss. The forward power loss of an opticalconnection/cable assem

47、bly. Insertion loss is measured per FOTP-34 (Cut-backMethod), FOTP-171 (Substitution Method) or IEC 61300-3-4 Ed.2.0. Cableassembly loss is measured per FOTP-171 (Substitution Method), OFSTP-14(Installed cable assemblies) or IEC 61300-3-4 Ed.2.0. Reflectance/Return Loss. The reverse (or reflected po

48、wer loss) for an opticalconnection/cable assembly. Measured per FOTP-8 (OTDR Method), FOTP-107(OCWR Method) or IEC 61300-3-6 Ed.1.2.These optical performance parameters are usually measured in conjunction with theDevice Under Test (DUT) being connected to a Measurement-Quality test orReference Jumpe

49、r (MQJ). The applicable FOTPs provide some guidance on howthese MQJs are processed and verified. It is important to understand that unlessmeasurements are carried out against MQJs the resulting test results may be entirelyunrepeatable or unreproducible which is important when suppliers and end-users areboth testing the finished product. It has been found that the end-face profile on anMQJ should be controlled to produce reproducible results.The fact that end-face profile should be controlled on a MQJ to produce reproducibleresults supports the asserti