SANS 2808-2008 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness《油漆及清漆 膜层厚度测定》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21215-5 SANS 2808:2008Edition 3ISO 2808:2007Edition 4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Paints and varnishes Determination of film thickness

4、This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 2808:2007 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 intern

5、ational code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 2808:2008 Edition 3 ISO 2808:2007 Edition 4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA SC 5140 11I, Paints and varnishes Test methods, in accordance w

6、ith procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in May 2008. This SANS document supersedes SANS 2808:1997 (edition 2 and nat. amdt 1). Reference numberISO 2808:2007(E)ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO2808Fourth edition2007-0

7、2-01Paints and varnishes Determination of film thickness Peintures et vernis Dtermination de lpaisseur du feuil SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded t

8、ypefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not in

9、fringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were o

10、ptimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified,

11、 no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case po

12、stale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedSANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:200

13、7(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Determination of wet-film thickness . 3 4.1 General. 3 4.2 Mechanical methods. 3 4.2.1 Principle. 3 4.2.2 Field of application . 3 4.2.3 General. 3 4.2

14、.4 Method 1A Comb gauge 4 4.2.5 Method 1B Wheel gauge 5 4.2.6 Method 1C Dial gauge 6 4.3 Gravimetric method 7 4.3.1 Principle. 7 4.3.2 Field of application . 7 4.3.3 General. 7 4.3.4 Method 2 By difference in mass . 7 4.4 Photothermal method. 8 4.4.1 Principle. 8 4.4.2 Field of application . 8 4.4.3

15、 General. 9 4.4.4 Method 3 Determination using thermal properties. 9 5 Determination of dry-film thickness . 9 5.1 General. 9 5.2 Mechanical methods. 9 5.2.1 Principle. 9 5.2.2 Field of application . 10 5.2.3 General. 10 5.2.4 Method 4A By difference in thickness . 11 5.2.5 Method 4B Depth gauging.

16、13 5.2.6 Method 4C Surface profile scanning 15 5.3 Gravimetric method 16 5.3.1 Principle. 16 5.3.2 Field of application . 16 5.3.3 General. 16 5.3.4 Method 5 By difference in mass . 16 5.4 Optical methods 17 5.4.1 Principle. 17 5.4.2 Field of application . 18 5.4.3 General. 18 5.4.4 Method 6A Cross-

17、sectioning 19 5.4.5 Method 6B Wedge cut 20 5.5 Magnetic methods 20 5.5.1 General. 20 5.5.2 Principle. 20 5.5.3 Field of application . 20 5.5.4 General. 21 SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) iv ISO 2

18、007 All rights reserved5.5.5 Method 7A Magnetic pull-off gauge 21 5.5.6 Method 7B Magnetic-flux gauge . 22 5.5.7 Method 7C Magnetic-induction gauge . 22 5.5.8 Method 7D Eddy-current gauge 23 5.6 Radiological method. 24 5.6.1 Principle . 24 5.6.2 Field of application . 24 5.6.3 General . 24 5.6.4 Met

19、hod 8 Beta backscatter method 25 5.7 Photothermal method . 25 5.7.1 Principle . 25 5.7.2 Field of application . 26 5.7.3 General . 26 5.7.4 Method 9 Determination using thermal properties . 27 5.8 Acoustic method . 27 5.8.1 Principle . 27 5.8.2 Field of application . 27 5.8.3 General . 27 5.8.4 Meth

20、od 10 Ultrasonic thickness gauge 28 6 Determination of thickness of uncured powder layers. 28 6.1 General . 28 6.2 Gravimetric method 29 6.2.1 Principle . 29 6.2.2 Field of application . 29 6.2.3 General . 29 6.2.4 Method 11 By difference in mass . 29 6.3 Magnetic methods. 29 6.3.1 Principle . 29 6.

21、3.2 Field of application . 29 6.3.3 General . 30 6.3.4 Method 12A Magnetic-induction gauge . 30 6.3.5 Method 12B Eddy-current gauge 31 6.4 Photothermal method . 31 6.4.1 Principle . 31 6.4.2 Field of application . 31 6.4.3 General . 31 6.4.4 Method 13 Determination using thermal properties . 31 7 Me

22、asurement of film thickness on rough surfaces. 32 7.1 General . 32 7.2 Apparatus and materials 33 7.3 Procedure. 33 7.3.1 Verification. 33 7.3.2 Measurement . 33 7.3.3 Number of readings 33 8 Test report 33 Annex A (informative) Overview of methods. 35 Bibliography . 38 SANS 2808:2008This s tandard

23、may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparin

24、g International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liai

25、son with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of t

26、echnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is d

27、rawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 2808 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test metho

28、ds for paints and varnishes. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2808:1997), which has been technically revised. The main changes are as follows: a) The structure of the standard has been changed into four main clauses: 1) determination of wet-film thickness; 2) determina

29、tion of dry-film thickness; 3) determination of the thickness of uncured powder layers; and 4) measurement of film thickness on rough surfaces. b) Methods using photothermal, radiological and acoustic techniques have been added. c) The split-beam method has been deleted as such instruments are no lo

30、nger manufactured. SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) vi ISO 2007 All rights reservedIntroduction Measurement of film thickness depends on the following steps: a) calibration of the measurement inst

31、rument, typically performed by the manufacturer or by any qualified laboratory; b) verification of the instrument (an accuracy check performed by the user at regular intervals, typically before each series of measurements); c) subsequent adjustment, if necessary, of the instrument so that the thickn

32、ess readings it gives match those of a specimen of known thickness. For a dry-film thickness gauge this would mean zeroing it on the uncoated surface, using devices of known thickness such as shims, or using a coated specimen of known film thickness; d) measurement. SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may

33、only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2808:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1Paints and varnishes Determination of film thickness 1 Scope This International Standard describes a number of methods that are applicable to t

34、he measurement of the thickness of coatings applied to a substrate. Methods for determining wet-film thickness, dry-film thickness and the film thickness of uncured powder layers are described. Reference is made to individual standards where these exist. Otherwise the method is described in detail.

35、An overview on the methods is given in Annex A, in which the field of application, existing standards and the precision are specified for the individual methods. This International Standard also defines terms concerning the determination of film thickness. 2 Normative references The following refere

36、nced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 463, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Dimensional measuri

37、ng equipment Design and metrological characteristics of mechanical dial gauges ISO 3611, Micrometer callipers for external measurement ISO 4618:2006, Paints and varnishes Terms and definitions ISO 8503-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products Surface rough

38、ness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates Part 1: Specifications and definitions for ISO surface profile comparators for the assessment of abrasive blast-cleaned surfaces 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 and the follo

39、wing apply. 3.1 substrate surface to which a coating material is applied or is to be applied ISO 4618:2006 3.2 coating continuous layer formed from a single or multiple application of a coating material to a substrate ISO 4618:2006 SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approve

40、d subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.3 film thickness distance between the surface of the film and the surface of the substrate 3.4 wet-film thickness thickness of a freshly applied wet coating material, measured immediately after appli

41、cation 3.5 dry-film thickness thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the coating has hardened 3.6 thickness of uncured powder layer thickness of a freshly applied coating material in powder form, measured immediately after application and before stoving 3.7 relevant surface area1)part

42、of an article covered or to be covered by the coating and for which the coating is essential for serviceability and/or appearance 3.8 test area1)representative part of the relevant surface area within which an agreed number of single measurements is made as a spot-check 3.9 measurement area1)area ov

43、er which a single measurement is made 3.10 minimum local film thickness1)lowest value of the local film thickness found on the relevant surface area of a particular test specimen 3.11 maximum local film thickness1)highest value of the local film thickness found on the relevant surface area of a part

44、icular test specimen 3.12 mean film thickness1)arithmetic mean of all the individual dry-film thicknesses in the test area or the result of a gravimetric determination of the thickness 3.13 calibration controlled and documented process of measuring traceable calibration standards and verifying that

45、the results are within the stated accuracy of the measurement instrument NOTE Initial calibration is typically performed by the instrument manufacturer or by a qualified laboratory in a controlled environment using a documented process. This initial calibration will normally be verified by the user

46、at regular intervals. The standards used in the calibration are such that the combined uncertainties of the resultant measurement are less than the stated accuracy of the instrument. 1) Measurement of this property is only required for the extended evaluation of film thickness measurements; see Clau

47、se 8 (test report), items k) and l). SANS 2808:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2808:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 33.14 verification accuracy check performed by the user using reference standards 3.15 reference

48、standard specimen of known thickness against which a user can verify the accuracy of the measurement instrument NOTE Reference standards may be coated thickness standards, or shims. If agreed to by the contracting parties, a part of the test specimen may be used as a thickness standard for a particu

49、lar job. 3.16 adjustment act of aligning the measurement instruments thickness readings to match those of a reference standard NOTE Most electronic measurement instruments can be adjusted on a thickness standard or on a shim, where the thickness of the coating or of the shim is known. 3.17 accuracy consistency between a measured value and the true value of the thickness standard 4 Determination of wet-film thickness 4.1 General Annex A gives an overview of the methods used for th