SANS 2041-2009 Mechanical vibration shock and condition monitoring - Vocabulary《机械振动、冲击和状态监测 词汇》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23279-5 SANS 2041:2009Edition 1ISO 2041:2009Edition 3SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring

4、Vocabulary This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 2041:2009 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 1

5、2 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 2041:2009 Edition 1 ISO 2041:2009 Edition 3 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 76, Acoustics, electro-acoustics and vibration, in accordance with procedures of the SABS St

6、andards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in December 2009. Reference numberISO 2041:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO2041Third edition2009-08-01Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring Vocabulary Vibrations et chocs m

7、caniques, et leur surveillance Vocabulaire SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2041:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may b

8、e printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts

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10、ile is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard i

11、s permitted in teaching manuals, instruction booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are: that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionar

12、ies or similar publications offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document. With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying

13、 and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland

14、 ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedSANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2041:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v Scope.1 1 General .1 2 Vibration.15 3 Mechanical shock29 4

15、 Transducers for shock and vibration measurement .31 5 Signal processing .34 6 Condition monitoring and diagnostics .40 Bibliography43 Alphabetical index44 SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2041:2009(E) iv ISO

16、2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in

17、 a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commiss

18、ion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical

19、committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall

20、not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 2041 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2041:1990) which has been technically revised. This re

21、vision reflects advances in technology and refinements in terms used in the previous version. As such, it incorporates more precise definitions of some terms reflecting changes in accepted meaning. New terms which were driven by changes in technology (primarily in the areas of signal processing, con

22、dition monitoring and vibration and shock diagnostics and prognostics) and, in order to be a stand-alone standard, terms from ISO 2041:1990 still in common usage are incorporated. SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .

23、ISO 2041:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction Vocabulary is the most basic of subjects for standardization. Without an accepted standard for the definition of terminology, the development of other technical standards in a technical area becomes a laborious and time-consuming task that

24、would ultimately result in the inefficient use of time and a high probability of misinterpretation. SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscripti

25、on and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2041:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring Vocabulary Scope This International Standard defines terms and expressions unique to the areas of mechanical vibration, shock and conditi

26、on monitoring. 1 General 1.1 displacement relative displacement vibration and shock time varying quantity that specifies the change in position of a point on a body with respect to a reference frame NOTE 1 The reference frame is usually a set of axes at a mean position or a position of rest. In gene

27、ral, a rotation displacement vector, a translation displacement vector, or both can represent the displacement. NOTE 2 A displacement is designated as relative displacement if it is measured with respect to a reference frame other than the primary reference frame designated in a given case. NOTE 3 D

28、isplacement can be: oscillatory, in which case simple harmonic components can be defined by the displacement amplitude (and frequency), or random, in which case the root-mean-square (rms) displacement (and band-width and probability density distribution) can be used to define the probability that th

29、e displacement will have values within any given range. Displacements of short time duration are defined as transient displacements. Non-oscillatory displacements are defined as sustained displacements, if of long duration, or as displacement pulses, if of short duration. 1.2 velocity relative veloc

30、ity vibration and shock rate of change of displacement NOTE 1 In general, velocity is time-dependent. NOTE 2 The reference frame is usually a set of axes at a mean position or a position of rest. In general, a rotation velocity vector, a translation velocity vector, or both can represent the velocit

31、y. NOTE 3 A velocity is designated as relative velocity if it is measured with respect to a reference frame other than the primary reference frame designated in a given case. The relative velocity between two points is the vector difference between the velocities of the two points. NOTE 4 Velocity c

32、an be: oscillatory, in which case simple harmonic components can be defined by the velocity amplitude (and frequency), or random, in which case the root-mean-square (rms) velocity (and band-width and probability density distribution) can be used to define the probability that the velocity will have

33、values within any given range. Velocities of short time duration are defined as transient velocities. Non-oscillatory velocities are defined as sustained velocities, if of long duration. SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the

34、 SABS .ISO 2041:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved1.3 acceleration relative acceleration vibration and shock rate of change of velocity NOTE 1 In general, acceleration is time-dependent. NOTE 2 The reference frame is usually a set of axes at a mean position or a position of rest. In general, a r

35、otation acceleration vector, a translation acceleration vector, or both and the Coriolis acceleration can represent the acceleration. NOTE 3 An acceleration is designated as relative acceleration if it is measured with respect to a reference frame other than the inertial reference frame designated i

36、n a given case. The relative acceleration between two points is the vector difference between the accelerations of the two points. NOTE 4 In the case of time-dependent accelerations, various self-explanatory modifiers, such as peak, average, and rms (root-mean-square), are often used. The time inter

37、vals over which the average or root-mean-square values are taken should be indicated or implied. NOTE 5 Acceleration can be: oscillatory, in which case simple harmonic components can be defined by the acceleration amplitude (and frequency), or random, in which case the rms acceleration (and band-wid

38、th and probability density distribution) can be used to define the probability that the acceleration will have values within any given range. Accelerations of short time duration are defined as transient accelerations. Non-oscillatory accelerations are defined as sustained accelerations, if of long

39、duration, or as acceleration pulses, if of short duration. 1.4 standard acceleration due to gravity gnunit, 9,806 65 metres per second-squared (9,806 65 m/s2) NOTE 1 Value adopted in the International Service of Weights and Measures and confirmed in 1913 by the 5th CGPM as the standard for accelerat

40、ion due to gravity. NOTE 2 This “standard value” (gn= 9,806 65 m/s2= 980,665 cm/s2 386,089 in/s2 32,174 0 ft/s2) should be used for reduction to standard gravity of measurements made in any location on Earth. NOTE 3 Frequently, the magnitude of acceleration is expressed in units of gn. NOTE 4 The ac

41、tual acceleration produced by the force of gravity at or below the surface of the Earth varies with the latitude and elevation of the point of observation. This variable is often expressed using the symbol g. Caution should be exercised if this is done so as not to create an ambiguity with this use

42、and the standard symbol for the unit of the gram. 1.5 force dynamic influence that changes a body from a state of rest to one of motion or changes its rate of motion NOTE 1 A force could also change a bodys size or shape if the body resists motion. NOTE 2 The newton is the unit of force. One newton

43、is the force required to give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second squared. 1.6 restoring force reaction force caused by the elastic property of a structure when it is being deformed 1.7 jerk rate of change of acceleration SANS 2041:2009This s tandard may only be used and p

44、rinted by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 2041:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 31.8 inertial reference system inertial reference frame coordinate system or frame which is fixed in space or moves at constant velocity without rotational motion and thus, not accelera

45、ting 1.9 inertial force reaction force exerted by a mass when it is being accelerated 1.10 oscillation variation, usually with time, of the magnitude of a quantity with respect to a specified reference when the magnitude is alternately greater and smaller than the specified reference NOTE 1 See vibr

46、ation (2.1). NOTE 2 Variations with time such as shock processes or creeping motions are also considered to be oscillations in a more general sense of the word. 1.11 environment aggregate, at a given moment, of all external conditions and influences to which a system is subjected NOTE See induced en

47、vironment (1.12) and natural environment (1.13). 1.12 induced environment conditions external to a system generated as a result of the operation of the system 1.13 natural environment conditions generated by the forces of nature and the effects of which are experienced by a system when it is at rest

48、 as well as when it is in operation 1.14 preconditioning climatic and/or mechanical and/or electrical treatment procedure which may be specified for a particular system so that it attains a defined state 1.15 conditioning climatic and/or mechanical and/or electrical conditions to which a system is s

49、ubjected in order to determine the effect of such conditions upon it 1.16 excitation stimulus external force (or other input) applied to a system that causes the system to respond in some way 1.17 response (of a system) output quantity of a system 1.18 transmissibility non-dimensional complex ratio of the response of a system in forced vibration to the excitation NOTE 1 The ratio may be one of forces, displacements, velocities or accelerations. NOTE 2 This is sometimes known as a transmissibility function. SANS 2041:2009This